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The Netherlands sought to form a United Nations tribunal, but Russia, which denies any involvement in the tragedy, rejected that approach as politicized.

The announcement on Wednesday clarified the plan for prosecutions. The five nations investigating the episode have now decided that the suspects should be prosecuted in the Netherlands, a process that will be rooted in ongoing international cooperation and support, the Dutch foreign minister, Bert Koenders, said in the statement. This means that the teams cooperation will continue into the prosecution phase.

Struck by a missile at cruising altitude, the airliner, a Boeing 777, broke apart and scattered bodies and debris over fields and villages in eastern Ukraine.

The Russian government has denied any involvement in the deployment of the missile system and the fighting in the region more broadly. It has offered alternative theories for the planes demise, including one in which a Ukrainian fighter jet shot it down. The investigators have rejected them.

Any criminal indictments in a Dutch court are very likely only to open a long legal and diplomatic standoff between the Netherlands and Russia, as the Russian Constitution prohibits the extradition of its citizens to stand trial abroad.

It is considered equally unlikely that any suspects would be turned over by the breakaway regions of eastern Ukraine, in the event that some of their soldiers were involved.

A version of this article appears in print on July 6, 2017, on Page A10 of the New York edition with the headline: Dutch to Try Suspects in Downing of Jet Over Ukraine.

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Dutch to Try Suspects in '14 Downing of Malaysia Airlines Jet Over Ukraine - New York Times