Enhancing Quantum Error Correction Effectiveness – AZoQuantum
Apr 30 2024Reviewed by Lexie Corner
In a study published in the journal Nature Physics, a team of scientists led by researchers from the University of ChicagosPritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) created the blueprint for a quantum computer that can fix errors more efficiently.
Although quantum computers are an extremely potent computational tool, their delicate qubits challenge engineers: how can they design useful, functional quantum systems using bits that are easily disrupted and erased of data by minute changes in their environment?
Engineers have long grappled with how to make quantum computers less error-prone, frequently creating methods to identify and rectify problems rather than preventing them in the first place. However, many of these error-correction systems entail replicating information over hundreds or thousands of physical qubits simultaneously, making it difficult to scale up efficiently.
The system makes use of reconfigurable atom array hardware, which enables qubits to communicate with more neighbors and, consequently, allows the qLDPC data to be encoded in fewer qubits, as well as a new framework based on quantum low-density party-check (qLDPC) codes, which can detect errors by examining the relationship between bits.
With this proposed blueprint, we have reduced the overhead required for quantum error correction, which opens new avenues for scaling up quantum computers.
Liang Jiang, Study Senior Author and Professor, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago
While standard computers rely on digital bitsin an on or off positionto encode data, qubits can exist in states of superposition, giving them the ability to tackle new computational problems. However, qubits unique properties also make them incredibly sensitive to their environment; they change states based on the surrounding temperature and electromagnetism.
Quantum systems are intrinsically noisy. Theres really no way to build a quantum machine that wont have error. You need to have a way of doing active error correction if you want to scale up your quantum system and make it useful for practical tasks.
Qian Xu, Graduate Student, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago
For the previous few decades, scientists have primarily relied on one type of error correction, known as surface codes, for quantum systems. In these systems, users encode the same logical information into several physical bits grouped in a wide two-dimensional grid. Errors can be detected by comparing qubits to their immediate neighbors. A mismatch indicates that one qubit misfired.
Xu added, The problem with this is that you need a huge resource overhead. In some of these systems, you need one thousand physical qubits for every logical qubit, so in the long run, we dont think we can scale this up to very large computers.
Jiang, Xu, and colleagues from Harvard University, Caltech, the University of Arizona, and QuEra Computing designed a novel method to fix errors using qLDPC codes. This type of error correction had long been contemplated but not included in a realistic plan.
With qLDPC codes, data in qubits is compared to both direct neighbors and more distant qubits. It enables a smaller grid of qubits to do the same number of comparisons for error correction. However, long-distance communication between qubits has always been a challenge when implementing qLDPC.
The researchers devised a solution in the form of new hardware: reconfigurable atoms that can be relocated using lasers to enable qubits to communicate with new partners.
With todays reconfigurable atom array systems, we can control and manipulate more than a thousand physical qubits with high fidelity and connect qubits separated by a large distance. By matching the structure of quantum codes and these hardware capabilities, we can implement these more advanced qLDPC codes with only a few control lines, putting the realization of them within reach with today's experimental systems.
Harry Zhou, Ph.D. Student, Harvard University
When researchers paired qLDPC codes with reconfigurable neutral-atom arrays, they achieved a lower error rate than surface codes using only a few hundred physical qubits. When scaled up, quantum algorithms requiring thousands of logical qubits might be completed with fewer than 100,000 physical qubits, vastly outperforming the gold-standard surface codes.
Theres still redundancy in terms of encoding the data in multiple physical qubits, but the idea is that we have reduced that redundancy by a lot, Xu added.
Though scientists are developing atom-array platforms quickly, the framework is still theoretical and represents a step toward the real-world use of error-corrected quantum computation. The PME team is now striving to improve its design even more and ensure that reconfigurable atom arrays and logical qubits relying on qLDPC codes can be employed in computation.
Xu concluded, We think in the long run, this will allow us to build very large quantum computers with lower error rates.
Xu, Q., et. al. (2024) Constant-overhead fault-tolerant quantum computation with reconfigurable atom arrays. Nature Physics. doi:10.1038/s41567-024-02479-z
Source: https://www.uchicago.edu/en
The rest is here:
Enhancing Quantum Error Correction Effectiveness - AZoQuantum
- Quantum computing breakthrough could happen with just hundreds, not millions, of qubits using new error-correction ... - Livescience.com - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- History Shows How to Win the Quantum Computing Race - TIME - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- 3 Quantum Computing Stocks That Could Be Multibaggers in the Making: April Edition - InvestorPlace - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Hunting for quantum-classical crossover in condensed matter problems | npj Quantum Information - Nature.com - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- RIKEN Selects IBM's Next-Generation Quantum System to be Integrated with the Supercomputer Fugaku - IBM Newsroom - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Y2K was a flop. But Q-Day could really screw us over - Sydney Morning Herald - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- The $1 Billion Bet on Quantum Computers That Process Light - DISCOVER Magazine - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Unveiling the Universe's Secrets: A Quantum Leap With AI at CERN - Indiana Daily Student - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Quantum computing explained and what's different about PsiQuantum - The Australian Financial Review - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Australia to fund $620M quantum computer claimed to be first at 'utility-scale' - The Register - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Quantum-proofing passwords and artwork with DNA encryption - Advanced Science News - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Quantum Computer-Powered Pangenome Research Could Lead to Personalized Medicine, Disease Outbreak Tracking - The Quantum Insider - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- ATSE Welcomes Large Quantum of Technology Investment for Queensland - AZoQuantum - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Future Made in Australia: Only quantum physics can explain the weird investment in Californian quantum computing ... - The Australian Financial Review - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Mind-bending maths could stop quantum hackers, but few understand it - The Conversation - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- US Leads in Steady Rise of Patents Covering Key Quantum Performance Measures - The Quantum Insider - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Rigetti Computing to Report First Quarter 2024 Financial Results and Host Conference Call on May 9, 2024 - GlobeNewswire - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- $1 billion for Australian project to build first useful quantum computer - Sydney Morning Herald - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- The Top 3 Quantum Computing Stocks to Buy in April 2024 - InvestorPlace - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Quantum computing: How an expat Aussie-founded company convinced the government to invest $1b - The Australian Financial Review - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- How Quantum Computers Could Illuminate the Full Range of Human Genetic Diversity - Singularity Hub - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Picking a winner in quantum is bold to say the least - The Australian Financial Review - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- PsiQuantum to Receive USD620M Investment from Australian Government - FinSMEs - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- The mind-bending maths that could stop quantum hackers - The Hindu - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Federal and Queensland governments bet big on US-based PsiQuantum in $940 million deal to bring quantum ... - Startup Daily - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Rigetti Computing Launches the Novera QPU Partner Program - GlobeNewswire - May 1st, 2024 [May 1st, 2024]
- Crossing the Quantum Threshold: The Path to 10,000 Qubits - HPCwire - April 15th, 2024 [April 15th, 2024]
- Quantum Leap: Google's Sycamore and the New Frontier in Computing - WebProNews - April 15th, 2024 [April 15th, 2024]
- Advancing to an Era of Quantum Readiness - yTech - April 15th, 2024 [April 15th, 2024]
- Google's Sycamore and the Quantum Supremacy Milestone - yTech - April 15th, 2024 [April 15th, 2024]
- Encryption shield installed to protect Chinese quantum computer from attack - South China Morning Post - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- America is the undisputed world leader in quantum computing even though China spends 8x more on the technology ... - Fortune - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Breakthrough promises secure quantum computing at home - University of Oxford - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Is Nvidia Also the Best Bet in Quantum Computing Right Now? - The Motley Fool - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- SEEQC Receives Award from the US Department of Energy to Produce Amplifiers for Fundamental Physics Research ... - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- The experimental demonstration of a verifiable blind quantum computing protocol - Phys.org - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Future quantum computers will be no match for 'space encryption' that uses light to beam data around with the 1st ... - Space.com - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Why quantum computing is a threat to encryption, and what to do about it - New Hampshire Business Review - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- The 3 Best Quantum Computing Stocks to Buy in April 2024 - InvestorPlace - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Researcher: The quantum computer doesn't exist yet, but we are better understanding what problems it can solve - Tech Xplore - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- New bill would greatly expand Defense Department quantum efforts - Defense One - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- The VC View: Quantonation's Deep Dive into Funding Quantum Start-ups - HPCwire - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Guest Post: What You Need to Know to Build a Quantum Implementation Roadmap With The Arrival of Quantum Error ... - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Quantum rush: Denver-Boulder area aims to be the Silicon Valley of the future - CNBC - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Qubit Pharmaceuticals Partners With The PINQ Platform to Use Quantum Computers to Accelerate Pharmaceutical ... - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Microsoft says it's cracked the code on an important quantum computing problem - The Verge - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Guest Post: Errare Quantum Est - But We Are Learning to Grapple With It - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Sejong City, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and QuEra Computing Partner to Drive Quantum ... - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Princeton University Researchers Make Breakthrough in Connecting Distant Quantum Devices - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- This University in New York Is the First With a Full-Fledged Quantum Computer - PCMag - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- 'Solving Problems, Building Bonds': A Q&A With QuEra Team on Participating in Quantum Computing Challenges - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- D-Wave Gaining Momentum with Quantum Computing Innovation - yTech - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- UAE, Saudi Arabia And Qatar Spearheading Quantum Computing Development in The Middle East - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Harry Buhrman Joins Quantinuum as Chief Scientist for Algorithms and Innovation - The Quantum Insider - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- New Oxford research promises secure quantum computing in the home - RedShark News - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Dr Chris Ballance, quantum computings up-and-coming star - University of Oxford - April 13th, 2024 [April 13th, 2024]
- Advancing science: Microsoft and Quantinuum demonstrate the most reliable logical qubits on record with an error rate ... - Microsoft - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Microsoft and Quantinuum say theyve ushered in the next era of quantum computing - TechCrunch - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Microsoft and Quantinuum report a way to turn down the noise in quantum computing - GeekWire - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Practical quantum computing is coming in 3 to 5 years, but will be cloud based, NSA official predicts - Nextgov/FCW - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Quantinuum Partners with Microsoft in New Phase of Reliable Quantum Computing with Breakthrough Demonstration ... - PR Newswire - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Microsoft's latest breakthrough in quantum computing: What it means - The National - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Rising Confidence in Quantum Computing: D-Wave Quantum's Stock Value Climbs - yTech - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Hot Stocks: The 3 Best Opportunities for Investing in Quantum Computing - InvestorPlace - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Why Quantum Computers Will Never Break Bitcoin - Palm Beach Research Group - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Quantum error correction used to actually correct errors - Ars Technica - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Redefining Quantum Communication: Researchers Have Solved a Foundational Problem in Transmitting Quantum ... - SciTechDaily - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Quantum Computing Leaps Forward with Groundbreaking Error Correction - yTech - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- It's time for colos and wholesalers to start looking at quantum computing customers - DatacenterDynamics - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- How Are Universities Preparing for Quantum Computing? - Government Technology - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Microsoft and Quantinuum boast quantum computing breakthrough - DIGIT.FYI - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Quantinuum H2 Paves the Way for Reliable Quantum Computing - yTech - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Quantum Encryption Integrates With Existing Infrastructure - AZoQuantum - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- The Quantum Leap in Computing: Microsoft and Quantinuum's Breakthrough - yTech - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Microsoft Advances in Quantum Computing with Error-Reduction Breakthrough - yTech - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Quantinuum and Microsoft Leap towards Quantum Superiority with Noise Reduction Breakthrough - yTech - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Microsoft and Quantinuum announce development of next-generation technology that reduces 'noise' by 800 times ... - GIGAZINE - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Revolutionizing Quantum Computing: Breakthroughs in Quantum Error Correction - AZoQuantum - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Realizing clean qubits for quantum computers using electrons on helium - Phys.org - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
- Next-Generation Quantum Leap Achieved by Microsoft and Quantinuum - yTech - April 4th, 2024 [April 4th, 2024]
Tags: