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Brandon Johnson took office Monday, facing an influx of migrants in desperate need of shelter, pressure to build support among skeptical business leaders, and summer months that historically bring a spike in violent crime.

Progressives viewed Johnsons election as evidence thatbold stances lead to victory at the ballot box. Now, his first term leading the nations third-largest city will test the former union organizers ability to turn those proposals into solutions for stubborn problems worsened by the coronavirus pandemic, including public safety, economic growth and housing affordability.

Theres no honeymoon in mayoral politics or city governments, said Dan Gibbons, CEO of the City Club of Chicago and a former staffer for the citys longest-serving mayor, Richard M. Daley. Everyone has your phone number, you get the blame and you dont get the credit.

Johnson, 47 and a former organizer for the Chicago Teachers Union, was little known when he entered the mayoral race in 2022 and has no experience within city government. But the two-term Cook County commissioner gradually climbed atop a crowded field with the support of the influential union he once worked for, endorsements from Sens. Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren and local progressive groups toknock off the incumbent mayor, Lori Lightfoot, and win a tough runoff in April.

He has since tried to appeal to those who didnt back him in the election, stocking his transition team with familiar names from Chicago corporations and philanthropies beside leaders of organized labor and progressive groups. He selected a veteran of Chicagos emergency management agency as his chief of staff and a retired police commander who is popular among rank-and-file officers as interim leader of the Chicago Police Department.

There is little doubt that public safety will remain the citys top concern and Johnsons response will shape his relationship with business leaders, other elected officials, his base of progressive activists and residents of every Chicago neighborhood.

Mayor-elect Johnsons top priority remains building a better, stronger, safer Chicago where all residents can live and work free from the threat of violence, spokesman Ronnie Reese said in a statement.

Asiaha Butler, co-founder of the Resident Association of Greater Englewood on the South Side, said she hopes Johnson stays committed to his wholesale approach to crime and that Chicagoans give it an opportunity to make a difference. Butler said improving safety on her own block took 10 or even 15 years of cooperation with neighbors and other community groups.

Knowing the despair that our city sometimes faces, it will take a while to take that cloud away, Butler said. I wouldnt put anyone up to that job in one term.

Chicago has a higher per-capita homicide rate than New York or Los Angeles, but the most recent federal data shows its lower than other Midwestern cities, such as St. Louis and Detroit. Still, the number of homicides in Chicago hit a 25-year high in 2021 with 804, according to the Chicago Police Department.

That number decreased last year while other crimes, such as carjackings and robberies, increased.

Chicago business leadersoverwhelmingly endorsed Johnsons opponent, former Chicago schools CEO Paul Vallas, typically swayed by his pitch to strengthen policing or Johnsons various tax proposals affecting large companies and the wealthy.

Key corporate groups or individuals have been impressed by the mayor-elects quick outreach following his victory, said Farzin Parang, executive director of the Building Owners and Managers Association of Chicago.

The trade group represents the commercial office industry that drew 600,000 people downtown daily pre-pandemic but now reports at most 40% of that number. Efforts to draw new tenants are regularly hampered by Chicagos headline weaknesses particularly public safety and real estate taxes, Parang said.

You really just lose out on a bunch of people that dont even consider Chicago, he said. So I think even small movements towards addressing some of those weaknesses, they have big returns.

The mayoral race wasdominated by questions of how to address crime,and Johnson argued that a policing-first approach has failed.

Instead,he proposed increasedmental health treatment, hiring more detectives, expanding youth jobs programs and increasing taxes on the sale of properties over $1 million to support more affordable housing. Johnson will also have the final say on naming the citys next police superintendent, though for the first time an appointed citizen commission will select three finalists.

Andrea Senz, president and CEO of the Chicago Community Trust foundation, said shes hopeful that Johnson can bring philanthropies, businesses, police and activists together to create a wide-ranging strategy to prevent violence now and chip away at the conditions that let it flourish.

It feels like this is a moment the moment to have those conversations, for a mayor to bring everybody to the table, Senz said.

Johnson has shown no sign of backing away from his campaign strategies. When violence broke out as teens flooded Chicagos downtown streets in mid-April, he issued a statement asking that people not demonize youth who have otherwise been starved of opportunities in their own communities.

Paying for his campaign promises, including the public safety response, hinges on a number of tax increases aimed at high earners and large companies likely to put up a political fight. Illinois Gov. J.B. Pritzker, the states most influential Democrat, already declined to back the mayor-elects proposal to tax financial transactions, which would require sign-off from state lawmakers.

Johnson is also taking on a growing migrant crisis. Chicago is among the U.S. citiesalready struggling to provide shelter and other help to hundredsarriving from the southern border, with adults and young children sleeping in police station lobbies. The flow of new arrivals is expected to increase now that pandemic-era restrictions on migrant crossings have ended.

Illinois state Rep. Kam Buckner, a Chicago Democrat who also ran for mayor, said Johnson will have to use the same strategy that won him the mayors office to achieve his many priorities.

I think what Lori Lightfoot learned is that in Chicago, your defenders can very quickly become your detractors, Buckner said. We want our leaders to be authentic, have conversations with us about the future. As long as he continues to do that, I think people will give him an opportunity.

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Chicago mayors progressive strategy to be tested amid public safety, growth concerns - NBC News