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CONSTITUTION DAY 2021: Exploring the Boundaries of Constitutionality from Multiple Perspectives (A Legal Studies Program Showcase) – Ithaca College

On September 17, 1787, the U.S. Constitution was signed at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, PA.Recently,The White HousesharedA Proclamation on Constitution Day and Citizenship Daysigned by President Biden in commemoration of this signing and the importance of the lesser-known holiday of Constitution Day.

Constitution Day(also known as Citizenship Day) has been celebrated annually since 2005. This day goes back to the late 1990s when Louise Leigh established a non-profit organization calledConstitution Day, Inc., hoping to promote a national holiday in recognition of the signing of the new Constitution in 1787. There is alonger historyleading up to the establishment of Constitution Day dating back to the 1930s, however.

In light of Constitution Day, Ithaca College will be hosting a Constitution Day ZOOM event on Thursday, September 30, 2021, from 7:00 pm to 8:30 pm. Please put this day and times on your calendars!ZOOM link will be shared soon.

This year's theme isExploring the Boundaries of Constitutionality from Multiple Perspectives(A Legal Studies Program Showcase).

A number of Legal Studies affiliated faculty will share work that crosses various constitutional, political and social inter-related factors in the U.S. and abroad.

AQ/Asession will follow at the end of the program in an open forum style setting co-moderated by two Ithaca College students.

For more on past Ithaca College Constitution Day programs and events, please see here.

If you have any questions, please contact Professor Carlos Figueroa.

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Scheduled Program (subject to change)

Greetings and Introductions:Prof.Carlos Figueroa (Politics/Legal Studies Coordinator)

On the history and current meaning of Constitution Day: Cathy Michaels (Reference Librarian, Legal Studies and Communication)

Student Co-Moderators:Serah Lawal (Legal Studies)& Carlos Abreu (Politics/History)

Panelists:

Prof. AMY ROTHCHILD, (LEGAL STUDIES): "Human Rights in Timor-Lestes Struggle for Independence from Indonesia"

This talk examines the shift in Timor-Lestes independence struggle from armed resistance and militant anticolonial rhetoric centered around the right to independence, toward nonviolent resistance and the human rights language of suffering victimhood. A main focus is on the relationship between the Timorese Resistance movements use of human rights discourses and practices and the Resistances goal of independence or self-determination. The talk uses the Timor case to reflect on larger questions concerning the historical and ideological relationship between the right to self-determination and human rights.

Prof. ANGELA RULFFES, (COMMUNICATIONS STUDIES/PRE-LAW ADVISOR): "How the US legal system mediates silencing"

The umbrella of the First Amendment provides one of the strongest speech protections in the world; however, that does not mean that there are no limitations on what people can say in the United States. For example, the phrase you cant yell fire in a crowded theater originated inSchenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919), where Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes argued that even the most rigorous of free speech protections cannot shield every type of expression. The Supreme Court has recognized certain speech categories that are unprotected, and these broad limitations on speech have helped pave the way for silencing in the United States through the use of the legal system. While some avenues of silencing are engrained in the explicit mechanisms of the law, such as filing a motion for an injunction, others are an implicit by-product of the process. For example, court decisions can lead to self-censorship because of fear of legal retribution. Review of prominent free speech issues and cases illustrates how the legal system mediates silencing.

Prof. CRAIG DUNCAN, (PHILOSOPHY):"The Fortunes of a Legal Order"

A libertarian strain of American political culture celebrates the free market and criticizes any government interferences with market outcomes as unjust.On this libertarian view, taxes that fund a social safety net (e.g. Social Security, unemployment insurance, public education, affordable health care, etc.) unjustly take money from hardworking people who earned it, and give that money to undeserving people.I criticize this view as simplistic.Well-off people who complain that it is wrong to tax them in order to fund a social safety net are overlooking a key fact, namely, they are overlooking the fact that their own prosperity is not wholly self-made.Instead, their prosperity is in part due to their unchosen good fortune of living in a prosperous society and in particular, to their good fortune of living in a society with a stable legal order, without which the personal fortunes of wealthy people would be impossible. This stable legal order is in turn the joint product of countless daily decisions made by millions of law-abiding residents, so that in truth a stable legal order is best understood as a collective project of We the People. A social safety net is a way of ensuring that the good fortune of a stable legal order is shared among all those people who collectively contribute to that stability, and who rather than being undeserving arethereby deserving of a fair share of their societys good fortune.

Prof. MICHAEL TROTTI, (HISTORY): "White Juries: Shifts in the Laws of the American South after the Civil War"

With the Constitutional Amendments after the Civil War, the white South was no longer able to have one written criminal code for whites, another for free blacks, and another for its enslaved population. Holding all political power after Reconstruction, what did white legislatures do? This talk lays out number of shifts in the laws that allow for racial distinctions even in the context of racially neutral statute language.

Prof. SCOTT THOMPSON, (COMMUNICATION STUDIES): "Constitutional Questions in Competitive Debate"

Intercollegiate debate is a great place to learn about the constitution, also a place where you can put your knowledge to the test. We frequently debate about government power - constitutional questions are central. This year we are debating about the war on terror, Presidential authority is central. Who decides if the US can be at war, and can the President authorize lethal drone strikes anywhere in the world? Previous topics have addressed novel aspects of the Constitution such as the relationship between the 3rd Amendment and cyber surveillance. Four years ago, the team did extensive research into the constitutionality of police chokeholds. 10th amendment concerns are always relevant.

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CONSTITUTION DAY 2021: Exploring the Boundaries of Constitutionality from Multiple Perspectives (A Legal Studies Program Showcase) - Ithaca College

I tried Obama’s favorite NYC burger and can see why it gets the presidential stamp of approval – Yahoo News

I recently tried President Obama's favorite NYC burger at Upland. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

I recently tried President Barack Obama's favorite NYC burger at the restaurant Upland.

It features two patties with American cheese, peppadew peppers, tomato, lettuce, and avocado.

I loved how juicy the burger was, and the avocado gave it an extra level of richness and freshness.

Visit Insider's homepage for more stories.

Before the pandemic began, I decided to search for the best burger in NYC.

Me with the Emily burger in March 2020. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

I visited Peter Luger in the fall of 2019 (ah, simpler times) to try the cheeseburger, which had just been blasted by famed New Yorker critic Pete Wells in his zero-star review of the iconic Brooklyn steakhouse.

I actually loved the burger, but my rave review ended up filling my inbox with emails from readers who had very different opinions on where you could find the best burger in the Big Apple. Like any good reporter, I decided I had to try them all.

The pandemic briefly put a hiatus on my search (thankfully, not before I got to review Emily's delicious burger), but now I'm back! And for my third burger on the list, I got some presidential inspiration.

Upland is one of former President Barack Obama's favorite restaurants in New York City.

President Barack Obama leaves Upland restaurant on March 10, 2017 in New York City. James Devaney/GC Images

Obama has visited the California-inspired restaurant a number of times, including for a lunch with Bono (casual). Upland is on his roster of favorite NYC eateries, joining the likes of Carbone and Cosme.

And Obama isn't Upland's only famous diner. A Vogue article once proclaimed that it was "the perfect brunch spot" beloved by Jennifer Aniston, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Gigi Hadid.

Upland has everything from pizza to pasta on the menu, but it's been reported that one of Obama's favorite dishes to order is the cheeseburger.

The $26 Upland cheeseburger. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

In addition to the presidential seal of approval, Upland's cheeseburger has also earned a spot on multiple "Best burgers in NYC" lists.

But what also intrigued me was that the burger is frequently described as a "California-style fast-food cheeseburger." Born in California and raised on fast food (what? It was the '90s!), I was excited to see if Upland's cheeseburger could be Manhattan's answer to In-N-Out.

Story continues

So on a recent summer day in NYC, I made my way to Upland.

The front of Upland in New York's Gramercy neighborhood. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

Upland is located in Manhattan's Gramercy neighborhood. I almost missed it while walking down Park Avenue South, as the entire entrance is currently covered with scaffolding classic New York.

But my eye happened to catch the glowing menu by the door, so I rounded the corner and made my way inside.

The California inspiration was already apparent in Upland's decorations.

The entrance to Upland's dining room. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

Upland's entrance features a wall of more than a dozen jars filled to the brim with lemons, which almost seem to glow under the dim lights.

As I walked into the dining room to find the host, I was greeted with the sight of sophisticated green leather booths and a back wall lined with wine bottles. It all felt very Napa chic.

But it was a gorgeous day in New York City, so I opted to sit outside and order a drink.

The $16 Tea-Coupe cocktail. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

While waiting for my friend and fellow taste-tester Clay, I decided to try the Tea-Coupe cocktail.

The $16 drink features Tito's vodka, raspberry-steeped chai, lime, and a fresh raspberry balancing on the glass.

While I loved the Tea-Coupe's pretty light-orange hue, the cocktail was a bit watery for my taste and, overall, not very memorable. Clay felt the same about his $16 Green Marjorita, which features Milagro silver tequila, Del Maguey Vida Mezcal, arugula, fennel, and lemon.

But we both loved the $14 ros on tap. We each got hefty pours of the perfectly crisp wine, which paired deliciously with our lunch.

As I sipped on my cocktail, I checked out Upland's lunch menu.

Upland's menu. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

In addition to the famous cheeseburger, Upland also serves five different pizzas and four different pastas, along with a number of salads and main dishes that include salmon and a grilled chicken sandwich.

I knew I had to order the burger, but I also wanted to try another Obama favorite. So I also asked for the sausage and kale pizza, which Barack and Michelle Obama ordered during their lunch with Bono.

It didn't take long for the cheeseburger to arrive with a heaping pile of golden fries.

Upland's cheeseburger is served with a delicious mountain of golden fries. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

Before I get to the burger, I need to rave about the fries for a quick second.

It's clear that the fast-food inspiration for this dish didn't just translate to the burger. Upland's delicious fries are an elevated version of those you'd get at McDonald's.

They're thin and crispy, with just the right amount of softness in the middle, and each fry was nicely cooked and salted. Even with a huge burger and pizza at our table, Clay and I didn't leave a single fry behind.

After munching on a few fries, it was time to take on that beautiful burger.

Upland's burger features two patties and avocado. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

Upland's $27 cheeseburger features two grass-fed beef patties, American cheese, peppadew peppers, lettuce, tomato, and avocado, all nestled between sesame buns.

As you can see in the photo above, all the ingredients were visible with just one look at the burger. Cheese was deliciously oozing all over the double patty stack, the peppers and tomato slice gave everything a beautiful pop of color, and the avocado sat right on top like a crown jewel.

And planted right in the middle of the bun was a tiny version of the California flag, a cute touch that I loved. The red and green from the flag also matched the colors in the burger, which made me wonder if it had been a source of inspiration for the ingredients.

We were ready to dig in, and Upland's cheeseburger definitely made an impression.

I loved the richness of the avocado in Upland's cheeseburger. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

The first thing I noticed was how juicy the patties tasted, instantly reminding me of an In-N-Out double-double. There are so many ingredients packed into this cheeseburger, but the patties are still the star of the show.

Clay, a fellow Californian, was also a huge fan of Upland's take on the flavors of our native state.

"I love a burger that I can smell on my hands," he said. "And I love that there are two patties instead of one. I feel like the last place in New York to do that well was Superiority Burger, which closed down."

The tomato adds some moistness to the hefty burger, while the peppers give each bite a nice crunch. And the creamy avocado helps give the dish a distinguishing spin so it doesn't just feel like an In-N-Out re-creation, adding that extra level of both richness and freshness.

My only wish was that the burger had a bit more of a kick. The peppadew peppers were very subtle, and I think the dish could have shined even more with some heat to tie everything together.

Next up was the sausage and kale pizza, which looked glorious.

Upland's sausage and kale pizza. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

In addition to its namesake ingredients, the $23 pie features three different types of cheeses: Young pecorino, stracciatella, and Parmigiano.

I hate kale with a passion, but this pizza easily won me over.

The delicious pizza features three different cheeses. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

I'm the rare millennial that absolutely can't stand kale, so it's a huge deal for me to say that I really loved this pizza.

The kale is charred to a crisp on this dish, giving each bite some great texture. And the sausage has a nice kick thanks to the chili pepper flakes sprinkled all over the top.

The crust is a bit thicker and flakier than you'll usually find in a New York pie, but it's surprisingly fluffy and soft. And the stracciatella cheese is well distributed throughout the pizza, giving every slice a lovely creaminess.

"I love the crust and cheese," Clay told me. "The cheese was definitely the best part, and I like that it was spread around rather than just placed in the middle."

I saw that you could order a side of Upland's hot sauce for the mushroom pizza, so I asked the waiter to bring us some to try with our pie. The extra heat worked really well, cutting through the creaminess and saltiness of all those cheeses.

Since it was a hot day, Clay and I also decided to treat ourselves to Upland's brownie sundae.

Upland's brownie sundae. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

The waiter sold us on Upland's new dessert menu, and we had no regrets about trying this $14 dish. The brownie sundae includes salted-caramel ice cream, adorable mini wafer balls, some fresh whipped cream, and a hot fudge sauce that covers everything.

Clay loved the crunch that the wafer balls gave to the soft ice cream and brownie, while I couldn't get enough of the delicious salted-caramel flavor. It was the perfect way to finish off our feast. A pizza, burger, and sundae? Talk about a great Friday.

Upland's cheeseburger definitely gets my Californian stamp of approval.

I would definitely order Upland's cheeseburger again. Anneta Konstantinides/Insider

I'm not surprised that Obama loves Upland's cheeseburger. It's juicy, fresh, rich, and full of different flavors and textures. There are so many different burger places in NYC, but Upland's version is full of surprising and memorable touches.

Plus, there are so many other great dishes on the menu. I'd happily go back again for the sausage and kale pizza, and I'd love to try the mushroom pie and pappardelle as well. There's no doubt that everyone could find something that would make them happy at Upland.

But wait, how did Upland's cheeseburger fare when it comes to the best burgers in NYC?

I guess you'll just have to wait and see.

Read the original article on Insider

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I tried Obama's favorite NYC burger and can see why it gets the presidential stamp of approval - Yahoo News

Biden Administration Announces Nominations Of Obama-Era Official And Trade Association Advocate To Top Trade Posts At Department Of Commerce – JD…

On September 13, the Biden Administration announced ten nominations to various agencies, including Maria Marisa Lago for Under Secretary of Commerce for International Trade at the Department of Commerce (Commerce) and Elaine Trevino for Chief Agricultural Negotiator at the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR).

Lago, who will serve as Commerces top trade remedy official, currently serves as the Director of the New York City Department of City Planning and Chair of the New York City Planning Commission. Prior to the New York City posts, Lago served in the Obama Administration as the U.S. Department of the Treasurys Assistant Secretary for International Markets and Development where she was responsible for overseas development activities in conjunction with the World Bank and foreign counterparts, international financial services regulation, climate finance, trade in financial services, and technical assistance to developing countries. Lago also previously served as the head of the Office of International Affairs at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, was the Global Head of Compliance for Citigroups corporate and investment bank, and held other prominent posts in New York State and Boston.

Bidens nomination of Almond Alliance of California President Elaine Trevino, who will lead agricultural trade negotiations at the USTR, has so far received considerable support from several other trade associations, including the International Dairy Foods Association, the American Farm Bureau Foundation, the American Feed Industry Association, and the National Milk Producers Federation. In its announcement of Trevino, the White House stated Trevino understands tariff and nontariff barriers to trade and the importance of maintaining Americas strong trade agreements and global positioning. Trevino previously worked on behalf of two California Governors Arnold Schwarzenegger and Gray Davis overseeing international export and trade programs, among other areas. United States Trade Representative Ambassador Katherine Tai said of Trevino that her experience will help the Biden-Harris Administration craft durable trade policy that creates broad-based prosperity and noted that Trevino would be the first woman of color and the first Latina in this critical position [].

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Biden Administration Announces Nominations Of Obama-Era Official And Trade Association Advocate To Top Trade Posts At Department Of Commerce - JD...

In regard to Afghanistan, Bush and Obama made three major mistakes – D+C Development and Cooperation

Led by the USA, the international community took an ambiguous approach to Afghanistan in the past two decades. The goal was to build a modern state, but from the very start, a light footprint was preferred. As Paul D. Miller told Hans Dembowski in an interview, three major mistakes made by two consecutive US presidents ultimately caused failure.

Today, the common narrative is that it was wrong to try to build a modern, democratic Afghan state. As I remember it, however, the necessity of doing so was generally understood 20 years ago. After the attacks on New York and Washington DC of 11 September 2001, the goal was to ensure that Afghanistan would never become a safe haven for terrorists again. The implication was that a power vacuum was unacceptable.Exactly, there was no other choice. That is what former officials of the Bush administration are still saying today. In 2001/2002 that view was shared internationally, including by NATO leaders and UN officials. Unfortunately, this insight did not make them draft a coherent state-building strategy. State building is a complex challenge and takes a lot of time, however. Institutions have to be established and consolidated step-by-step. Capable staff cannot simply be bought. To earn public trust, officers need training and considerable practical experience. However, we and our allies did not commit to long-term engagement.

To what extent was state building attempted in Afghanistan at all?It varied from year to year. In the first five years, the focus was on political reconstruction in the sense of holding elections and passing a constitution. Both worked out fairly well. The constitution was based on Afghanistans 1964 constitution and updated by Afghans who represented the countrys people and understood its constitutional history. The constitution was Afghan owned rather than imposed by western powers. On the downside, there were no significant efforts to build infrastructure. Afghanistan badly needed roads, hospitals and schools, but also institutions such as law courts and municipal governments. Things changed somewhat in the years 2007 to 2011 when insurgents were gaining strength. In that period, much more was done to ramp up the legal system, develop rural areas and build administrative capacities. However, by that point, reconstruction efforts were rushed and thus often wasteful, the conflict further intensified, and international support later focused almost entirely on the Afghan army and police.

Did western allies fight or foster corruption?They did both. The core problem was that they tried to do too much too fast, especially in the second phase that I just mentioned. A lot of money suddenly flowed into a very poor country that had recently been the worlds worst failed state and lacked competent institutions. The result was the rule of money. The illegal-drugs trade obviously added to the problems. Poppy cultivation began to expand fast from 2006 on, and by 2009 or so, the Taliban were relying on opium money. Others were involved in the drugs economy too, including influential leaders who officially supported the government. By the end of 2010, a destructive dynamic had set in. The focus was increasingly on fighting insurgents and not on reconstruction. The US administration lost faith in state building, which obviously became more difficult the more the conflict escalated.

Why did things go wrong?Well, I think there were three major mistakes in the first two presidential administrations:

In the later two administrations, I have nothing good to say about President Joe Bidens withdrawal or about President Donald Trumps peace negotiations with the Taliban, which bypassed our Afghan partners and placed no meaningful demands on the Taliban, but several decisive mistakes were made long before Trump or Biden took office.

What role did other western governments play?Well, Washington basically called the shots. At first, the idea was that individual governments would assume specific responsibilities in Afghanistan, but a sense of frustration set in by 2006. The Bush administration felt that our allies were not doing enough, which was a bit unfair, because it wasnt doing enough itself.

I find it bewildering that western leaders cared so little about the drugs economy. It accounts for up to 30% of Afghanistans gross national product (GNP). Such a huge black market is incompatible with a modern state and the rule of law.There were actually many proposals for solving the drugs problem. Some suggested saffron cultivation could be an alternative to poppy cultivation. Others said the international community should simply buy the entire harvest to produce medical morphine. There were attempts to eradicate poppy fields. Everything stayed piecemeal, however. The point is that you cannot make meaningful progress against the drug trade if you do not have a legal system. That is especially true in a war zone. We ended up with a chicken and egg problem. Without peace, you cannot build a legal system and other institutions, but you cannot have peace, unless you have a legal system.

It is also estimated that aid accounted for about 50% of Afghanistans GNP in recent years. There really was not much of an Afghan state.Well, you have to consider the history of Afghanistan, which has basically been a client state for hundreds of years. For a long time, it depended on the British Empire, later on the Soviet Union. Afghanistans official government always relied on outside funding and used that funding to pay off local clients in exchange for their support. Nonetheless, the country was largely at peace thanks to many different compromises and accommodations. That changed with the Soviet invasion of 1979.

Western failure in Afghanistan is now often blamed on Afghans supposedly medieval mindset. I find that rhetoric condescending and misleading. The real problem is that Afghan society is controlled by warlords as medieval Europe was, by the way. People want to survive. They do not care much about whether the armed men in front of them are legitimate in one way or another. The priority is not to get hurt and somehow keep feeding ones family. Official legislation hardly matters in the rural regions of developing countries, where traditions rule daily life and it is certainly not relevant in situations of strife.The Soviets destroyed the structures of Afghan society, such as the tribal networks, landowning khans, and local mullahs. That led to the rise of warlordism and, eventually, the drug economy. After 2001, the international community should not have tolerated power vacuums at the local level. The results were persisting warlordism and opportunities for the Taliban. In the west, everyone knows that Taliban rule was brutal when they controlled the country in the late 1990s. It is less well understood that they nonetheless provided a sense of order, which was obviously very rough. They even banned poppy cultivation for one year, though many observers argue they only did so to drive up the global opium price. What matters now, however, is that Afghans are tired after four decades of war. They long for safety and some believed the Taliban were good at providing it.

And they feel disappointed in western powers. Could the US-led intervention have achieved more?Well, both Bush and Obama signed agreements with Afghan governments, pledging long-term support. I am convinced we could have done more had we had more patience. State building cannot be done fast and definitely not quickly in a very poor, war-torn country. The depressing truth is that our leaders chose the right words, but did not follow up with action. Our Afghan partners lost faith, and the USA failed to fulfil what our presidents had promised.

Paul D. Miller is a professor of the practice of international affairs at Georgetown University in Washington DC.[emailprotected]

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In regard to Afghanistan, Bush and Obama made three major mistakes - D+C Development and Cooperation

Why Artificial Intelligence Research Needs More Women – Women Love Tech

Its likely no surprise that women are still massively underrepresented in the tech industry today. Even with a push over the last few years for more women to pursue careers in STEMscience, technology, engineering, and mathematicsthey still make up a tiny percentage of those working in the field. Data shows that of those doing STEM-focused research around the world, less than 30% are women.

Unfortunately, when you narrow the focus down to women working specifically in smart tech and machine learning, the numbers get even smaller. You might wonder why it matters who is behind the data and code creation when its essentially a non-gendered machine or robot doing all of the processing, but it does. Machines arent inherently biased, but humans are, and when humans are teaching machines how to learn and what to do, our biases naturally become part of the code.

Our computers, phones, and any other smart devices that we use today utilize technology that mimics our thought and decision-making processes. So if the majority of people working with smart tech such as artificial intelligence are men, then anything that utilizes AI will skew towards the male perspective.

Though artificial intelligence might bring to mind images of a future world run by robot overlords, it is far less ominous and science fiction-like than that. AI is already a part of so many things that we use and interact with dailyits not the futureits the present.

Though artificial intelligence sounds like a far-fetched term, it is basically the use of algorithms in computer systems to mimic how humans process information, and the more input it receives, the smarter it gets. Its not just a part of our personal devices either; businesses are using AI to improve customer service and interpret data to further develop their systems and run more efficiently.

Google is even leveraging the power of AI to create tools to enhance healthcare and help conservationists and scientists save endangered species and preserve indigenous languages. There is no end to the way we can harness the usefulness of AI. We can apply it to numerous situations to advance our capabilities and solve complex real-world problems.

Artificial intelligence and deep learning systems are not just likely to change our future; it is already quite evident that they will and are already doing so. As humans, we are limited by our own minds and capabilities. There is only so much we can dobut AI and deep learning machines will allow us to scale our potential and complete tasks, projects, and missions that we would otherwise not be able to do.

Deep learning refers to systems with more advanced neural networks that can actually draw conclusions from the input it receives and adapt to changes. In contrast, some more basic and earlier forms of AI machines can only do what they are specifically taught to do.

Some examples of deep learning applications include:

So how will deep learning and other advanced forms of AI affect our future? The simple answer is that it will make everything easier and more efficient. As mentioned above, as humans, we can only do so much. We should continue to maintain a human presence and interactions within our business operationspeople still need that human touch. But when it comes to interpreting data and solving complex equations to optimise our systems and make new advancements, we need the help of AI.

Several industries can benefit from having more women, but especially those specifically handling the development and research of machine learning systems. AI is already an integral part of our society and nearly all industries. Our economy and its infrastructure run on many systems that use AI every day. The problem is, when these systems are all designed primarily by men, the processes that the computers use to learn and interpret data will result in a skewed outcome.

Mark Minevich, a contributor to Forbes.com, writes, organisations will always fail to harness the fullest capacity of their digital innovations without including women, as machine learning technologies will be fed a constant stream of biased data, producing junk results that are not reflective of the full picture, causing potentially catastrophic harm to organisations. And hes right. If AI is becoming a significant part of our society and infrastructure, and women will undoubtedly continue to be a part of this society, we need to include them in the research and development of these systems.

From transportation and education to media, customer service, and healthcare and wellnessindustries are increasingly integrating artificial intelligence into their systems. Without more representation of women, the data these industries work off of and use to improve their operations will be deeply inaccurate. We dont just need more women researching AI; we must have them. Continuing to leave them out is not an option. It is vital to the growth and success of AI itself and our growth as a society, and our ability to advance.

Report by Beau Peters.

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Why Artificial Intelligence Research Needs More Women - Women Love Tech