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May 26, 2022 A theoretical breakthrough in understanding quantum chaos could open new paths into researching quantum information and quantum computing, many-body physics, black holes, and the still-elusive quantum to classical transition.

By applying balanced energy gain and loss to an open quantum system, we found a way to overcome a previously held limitation that assumed interactions with the surrounding environment would decrease quantum chaos, said Avadh Saxena, a theoretical physicist at Los Alamos National Laboratory and member of the team that published thepaper on quantum chaosin Physical Review Letters. This discovery points to new directions in studying quantum simulations and quantum information theory.

Quantum chaos differs from classical-physics chaos theory. The latter seeks to understand deterministic, or non-random, patterns and systems that are highly sensitive to initial conditions. The so-called butterfly effect is the most familiar example, whereby the flap of a butterflys wings in Texas could, through a bewilderingly complicated but not random chain of cause and effect, lead to a tornado in Kansas.

On the other hand, quantum chaos describes chaotic classical dynamical systems in terms of quantum theory. Quantum chaos is responsible for the scrambling of information occurring in complex systems such as blackholes. It reveals itself in the energy spectra of the system, in the form of correlations between its characteristic modes and frequencies.

It has been believed that as a quantum system loses coherence, or its quantumness, by coupling to the environment outside the systemthe so-called quantum to classical transitionthe signatures of quantum chaos are suppressed. That means they cant be exploited as quantum information or as a state that can be manipulated.

It turns out thats not entirely true. Saxena, University of Luxembourg physicists Aurelia Chenu and Adolfo del Campo, and collaborators found that the dynamical signatures of quantum chaos are actually enhanced, not suppressed, in some instances.

Our work challenges the expectation that decoherence generally suppresses quantum chaos, Saxena said.

The energy values in the spectra of the quantum system were previously thought to be complex numbersthat is, numbers with an imaginary number componentand thus not useful in an experimental setting. But by adding energy gain and loss at symmetrical points in the system, the research team found real values for the energy spectra, provided that the strength of gain or loss is below a critical value.

Balanced energy gain and loss provides a physical mechanism to realize in the laboratory the kind of energy-spectral filtering that has become ubiquitous in theoretical and numerical studies of complex many-body quantum systems, del Campo said. Specifically, balanced energy gain and loss in energy dephasing leads to the optimal spectral filter. Thus, one could leverage balanced energy gain and loss as an experimental tool not only to probe quantum chaos but to study many-body quantum systems in general.

By changing the decoherence, Saxena and del Campo explained, the filter allows better control of energy distribution in the system. That can be useful in quantum information, for example.

Decoherence limits quantum computing, so it follows that because increasing quantum chaos reduces decoherence, you can keep computing longer, Saxena said.

The teams paper builds on previous theoretical work by Carl Bender (of Washington University at St. Louis and former Ulam scholar at Los Alamos) and Stefan Boettcher (formerly of Los Alamos and now at Emory University). They found that, contrary to the accepted paradigm from the early twentieth century, some quantum systems yielded real energies under certain symmetries even though their Hamiltonian was not Hermitian, which means it satisfies certain mathematical relations. In general, such systems are known as non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. A Hamiltonian defines the energy of the system.

The prevailing understanding was that decoherence suppresses quantum chaos for Hermitian systems, with real energy values, Saxena said. So we thought, what if we take a non-Hermitian system?

The research paper studied the example of pumping energy into a wave guide at a particular pointthats the gainthen pumping energy out againthe losssymmetrically. The wave guide is an open system, able to exchange energy with the environment. Instead of causing decoherence, they found, the process and interactions increase coherence and quantum chaos.

Paper:Spectral filtering induced by non-Hermitian evolution with balanced gain and loss: enhancing quantum chaos,by J. Cornelius, Z. Xu, A. Saxena, A. Chenu and A. del Campo, in Physical Review Letters. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.190402

Funding:The work was supported by Laboratory Directed Research and Development at Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Source: LANL

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Researchers Find Coherence in Quantum Chaos - HPCwire

WATERLOO, ONTARIO May 25, 2022 BlackBerry Limited (NYSE: BB; TSX: BB)today announced it will provide support for quantum-resistant secure boot signatures for NXP Semiconductors (NASDAQ: NXPI) crypto-agile S32G vehicle networking processors in a demonstration to illustrate how to mitigate the risk of potential quantum computing attacks on in-vehicle software.

The new integration will allow software to be digitally signed using the National Institute of Standards and Technologys (NIST) recently endorsed CRYSTALS Dilithium digital signature scheme that will be quantum resistant, providing peace of mind to those relying on and delivering long lifecycle assets such as systems in critical infrastructure, industrial controls, aerospace and military electronics, telecommunications, transportation infrastructure, and connected cars. The collaboration is set to guard against an increasingly risky future when quantum computers will be able to easily break traditional code signing schemes.

For more information, register to attend the one hour Post-Quantum Cyber Attacks, how to Prepare and Prevent webinar on June 9, 2022 at 11:00 a.m. ET.

While quantum computing promises to deliver huge leaps forward in processing power, it also has the potential to render today's public key cryptography useless. In recent months, NATO, the White House and NIST have all taken steps to prepare for a Y2Q scenario in which quantum computers become weaponized by threat actors and many widely used security methods become useless against next-generation attacks.

The BlackBerry Certicom Code Signing and Key Management Server leverages the NXP S32G chips secure boot flow to achieve fast and agile quantum protection. Using quantum-resistant signature schemes such as Dilithium for low-level device firmware, over-the-air software updates and software bills of material (SBOMs) mitigates the risk of potential quantum computing attacks on critical software updates, addressing a major security concern for a number of industries.

As quantum computers continue to advance in development, its increasingly important to work to secure todays systems against these future threats, said Joppe Bos, Senior Principal Cryptographer at NXP Semiconductors. Collaborating with BlackBerry strengthens our solution to address the critical need to harden code signing and software update infrastructure against future cryptosystem vulnerabilities.

In the lead up to Y2K, US business spent upwards of $100 billion to avoid calamity and the issue was simply a matter of adding two digits to the date field. Y2Q, when quantum attacks become possible, is on another level, posing a significant threat to industries selling or operating long-lived assets with updatable software, said Jim Alfred, VP, BlackBerry Technology Solutions. NXP shares our vision of mitigating the risk of quantum computing concerns and, thanks to their support for hash-based signatures, together we can provide cybersecurity teams with the tools they need now to prevent their existing security measures from becoming obsolete.

To learn more about the Code Signing and Key Management Server and why BlackBerry Certicom technology is widely deployed in smartphone chips, smart meters, car telematics, and IoT devices, please visit http://www.certicom.com.

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About BlackBerry

BlackBerry (NYSE: BB; TSX: BB) provides intelligent security software and services to enterprises and governments around the world. The company secures more than 500M endpoints including over 195M vehicles. Based in Waterloo, Ontario, the company leverages AI and machine learning to deliver innovative solutions in the areas of cybersecurity, safety and data privacy solutions, and is a leader in the areas of endpoint security, endpoint management, encryption, and embedded systems. BlackBerrys vision is clear - to secure a connected future you can trust.

BlackBerry. Intelligent Security. Everywhere.

For more information, visit BlackBerry.com and follow @BlackBerry.

NXP and the NXP logo are trademarks ofNXP B.V. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners. All rights reserved.2022 NXP B.V.

Trademarks, including but not limited to BLACKBERRY and EMBLEM Design are the trademarks or registered trademarks of BlackBerry Limited, and the exclusive rights to such trademarks are expressly reserved. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. BlackBerry is not responsible for any third-party products or services.

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Media Contact:BlackBerry Media Relations+1 (519) 597-7273mediarelations@BlackBerry.com

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BlackBerry and NXP Join Forces to Help Companies Prepare For and Prevent Y2Q Post-Quantum Cyber Attacks - BlackBerry

The University of Notre Dame issued a statement saying it is appalled that the suspect in the Buffalo grocery store shooting cited an article written by one of its professors in his diatribe before he killed 10 people.

Payton Gendron, 18, has been charged with murder and is being held without bail.

In 2013, John Gaski, associate professor at Notre Dame, wrote a commentary titled A Discussion on Race, Crime and the Inconvenient Facts, where he makes claims of race-based rape and crime statistics but fails to cite where he got his information.

A group prays at the site of a memorial for the victims of the Buffalo supermarket shooting outside the Tops Friendly Market on May 21, 2022, in Buffalo, N.Y. (Joshua Bessex/AP)

A 180-page diatribe allegedly written by Gendron refers to one of the claims in Gaskis article and links to it. The diatribe, which officials are working on to verify its authenticity, repeatedly cites the great replacement theory, a conspiracy theory that falsely claims white people are being replaced.

On May 14, Gendron allegedly went to a supermarket in a majority Black neighborhood in Buffalo, New York, and opened fire, killing 10 and injuring three, most of them Black. The mass shooting is being investigated as a hate crime.

The Notre Dame connection came to light after comedian Liz Hynes, a writer on the Last Week Tonight show, posted on Instagram and Twitter about the article.

In the article, Gaski wrote, Because the number of white-on-black rape is so low nationally in any given year, the ratio ranges from 100-to-1 to infinity. This is the part cited in the diatribe.

Gaski does not mention that rape and sexual violence are difficult to measure because the crime is underreported. He also provides only one citation throughout the article.

The article was written after George Zimmerman shot and killed 17-year-old Trayvon Martin in 2012, and it accuses prominent leaders, including Al Sharpton and Barack Obama, of race-baiting.

This petty, intellectually dishonest piece, dripping in racial animus, has forever linked the University of Notre Dame to a white supremacist murderer, Hynes wrote on her social media platforms three days after the mass shooting. No marketing on earth can undo that. But an acknowledgment would be a start.

On Thursday, Joel Curran, the universitys top spokesperson, issued the following statement from the university: We are appalled that a 2013 article by John Gaski, an associate professor at Notre Dame, was cited by the perpetrator of the heinous murders of innocent people in Buffalo. Whatever professor Gaskis intentions, we deeply regret that his words were used to support a doctrine of racial hatred. We urge all, at Notre Dame or elsewhere, to speak and act in ways that never give harbor to hatred and violence.

On Friday, Gaski issued his own statement, published on the universitys news webpage.

It is sobering that a portion of an article I wrote in August 2013 was cited in the document composed by the Buffalo shooting suspect, Gaski wrote. It was, of course, never my intent to in any way incite violence in fact, just the opposite. I also am appalled and deeply distressed that the information I provided is associated in any way with this young mans horrific actions.

An attempt to reach Gaski by phone was unsuccessful. He is listed as an associate professor of marketing in Notre Dames Mendoza College of Business directory. In response to a request for comment, a Mendoza college spokesperson referred the Tribune to the schools published statement.

scasanova@chicagotribune.com

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Notre Dame says it is 'appalled' the Buffalo shooting suspect cited an article by one of its professors - Chicago Tribune

Today, a group of right-wingers are gathering to fetishize guns. The cast of characters includes a former president, multiple sitting congresspeople, and the senator of a state which just saw the fourth deadliest school shooting in American history. There also will be members of the far-right group the Oath Keepers, people who attempted to overturn the results of the last election, weapons manufacturers, people who call queer people degenerates, and an actor who once played Superman. And thats just the board members.

The National Rifle Association (NRA) hosts their annual convention this weekend just a few days after a school shooting in Uvalde left 19 children and two adults dead and a few weeks after a white supremacist fatally shot 10 peoplein a supermarket in Buffalo. Yet, the convention the Associations first since the pandemic began is proceeding as normal, complete with a keynote speech from Donald Trump. The event will also feature speeches from multiple members of the military and police.

While the NRA has the audacity to tout itself as Americas longest-standing civil rights organization, in actuality its a devoutly right-wing organization which works to protect the profits of the gun manufacturers who fund them. Indeed, the NRA functions as the primary lobbying arm of the entire gun industry and donates in huge numbers to politicians and not just far-right Trumpist politicians. In fact, the NRA has donated millions to North Carolina Senator Richard Burr, who voted to convict Trump in the impeachment trial, Senate Majority Leader and Trump opponent Mitch McConnell, and even a handful of Democrats.

Indeed, the NRA spent $250 million in 2020, largely on lobbying and donations to stop even attempts at discussing gun policy. This is indicative of the way that lobbying works under the current system: corporations give off-shoot lobby organizations huge swaths of cash which they then use to influence policy by passing that money on to politicians. Politicians of both parties are happy to accept this money and, in return, do the bidding of whichever industry has bankrolled them. This is such a bipartisan phenomenon that in 2022, Democratic Majority Leader Chuck Schumer is currently the top recipient of lobbying money, by a pretty wide margin.

Yet, for all of their blustering about protecting gun rights, the NRA has consistently failed to even make a statement when the most policed group of gun owners is targeted by the state. Theres a reason for this, of course, and its that the gun owners who face the most repression are Black. But the NRA isnt interested in them. Not when the police killed Philando Castile in front of his child for having a legal and licensed gun in his glove compartment which he informed the police he had a license to carry. Not when Tamir Rice was killed for having a toy gun. Not when Kenneth Walker, Breonna Taylors partner, fired his legal and licensed gun to protect himself from a home invasion and was then arrested. Not even when Gaige Grosskreutz, a white gun owner and BLM protester, was shot while attempting to be a good guy with a gun against active shooter Kyle Rittenhouse. Instead, the NRA tweeted text of the 2nd amendment in support of Rittenhouse immediately after his acquittal and never spoke of Grosskreutz at all. The list of the NRAs refusal to support Black gun owners goes on and on and on.

In fact, rather than show any support for the Black Lives Matter Movement a movement which featured the actualization of the famous NRA hypothetical of jack-booted government thugs [taking] away our constitutional rights and even injur[ing] or kill[ing] us, leaders of the NRA spoke against the movement. One board member called BLM a rancid evil, a former NRATV host called Castile a gun-toting thug, and another NRA board member wrote multiple op-eds against the movement. Indeed, the NRA is so pro-cop and that they even have a special division for law enforcement.

But the NRAs racism isnt anything new. They supported George Zimmerman and, most damningly, even supported gun control laws when it was aimed at disarming the Black Panther Party. The 1967 Mulford Act was a California state law (pushed through by then-governor Ronald Reagan) which was a direct reaction to the Black Panthers policy of arming themselves. The law banned open carry of loaded firearms and banned all loaded firearms inside the state capital. This was a direct response to, amongst other things, a 1967 occupation of the state capitol by 30 armed Black Panthers. Compare the NRAs response to this to their response to the January 6 riots and it is clear who the NRA is interested in advocating for.

This weekends convention will feature many grand speeches about freedom, liberty, civil rights, and the Constitution. But the NRA is little more than a front group for the gun industry which has cunningly used the rhetoric of freedom and resisting state repression to work in tandem with the state to ensure that guns are kept in the hands of a privileged minority specifically middle- and upper-class white people. For all their talk about jackbooted thugs, the NRA has not only welcomed those thugs but given them their own special division within the organization and multiple speaking slots at their convention.

The NRA isnt interested in protecting gun rights for the oppressed, theyre interested in protecting gun rights for right-wingers and ensuring that the state keeps its monopoly on violence. Its not a civil rights group its a group of heavily armed bigots.

Ezra is a NYC based theatre artist and teacher.

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The NRA Exists to Keep Weapons Profits Booming and Guns in the Hands of the State and Right Wing - Left Voice

ISTANBUL (AP) Turkeys president told journalists that Ankara remains committed to rooting out a Syrian Kurdish militia from northern Syria.

Like I always say, well come down on them suddenly one night. And we must, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said on his plane following his Saturday visit to Azerbaijan, according to daily Hurriyet newspaper and other media.

Without giving a specific timeline, Erdogan said that Turkey would launch a cross-border operation against the Syrian Kurdish Peoples Protection Units, or YPG, which it considers a terrorist group linked to an outlawed Kurdish group that has led an insurgency against Turkey since 1984. That conflict with the Kurdistan Workers Party, PKK, has killed tens of thousands of people.

However, the YPG forms the backbone of U.S.-led forces in the fight against the Islamic State group. American support for the group has infuriated Ankara and remains a major issue in their relations.

Turkey considers the PKK and the YPG to be one and the same. The YPG and its affiliated political party have controlled much of northeastern Syria after the forces of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad withdrew in 2012.

All coalition forces, leading with the U.S., have provided these terror groups a serious amount of weapons, vehicles, tools, ammunition and they continue to do so. The U.S. has given them thousands of trucks, Erdogan said.

He warned that Turkey wouldnt need anyones permission to fight terror.

If the U.S. is not fulfilling its duty in combating terror, what will we do? We will take care of ourselves, he declared.

While acknowledging Turkeys security concerns, U.S. State Department spokesman Ned Price has voiced concerns about Turkeys plans, saying a new offensive could undermine regional stability and put American forces at risk.

Ankara has launched four cross-border operations into Syria since 2016 and controls some territories in the north with the goal of pushing away the YPG and establishing a 30-kilometer (19-mile) deep safe zone where Erdogan hopes to voluntarily return Syrian refugees.

In 2019, an incursion into northeast Syria against the YPG drew widespread international condemnation, prompting Finland, Sweden and others to restrict arms sales to Turkey. Now Turkey is blocking the two Nordic countries historic bid to join NATO because of the weapons ban and their alleged support for the Kurdish groups.

Turkey has stepped up military operations against the PKK in northern Iraq, where they are based. The PKK is considered a terror group by Turkey, the U.S. and the European Union.

Just as we are conducting operations in northern Iraq against the PKK and PKKs offspring, the same situation applies even more to Syria and is much more important, Erdogan said.

See the article here:
Erdogan: Turkey's Syria operation could happen 'suddenly' - The Associated Press