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Top Reparations Scholar Dr. Sandy Darity: White Support For Reparations Has Dramatically Increased from 4% to 30% – Moguldom

New York City-based community activist the Rev. Al Sharpton, founder of the National Action Network, recently noted on Twitter that a majority of white Americans do not support cash reparations for Black Americans.

Did you know that 65% of Americans oppose cash reparations to Black people (according to a 2021 Washington Post poll)? Sharpton tweeted, along with a video from his MSNBC show Politics Nation. On the June 4 episode he interviews Rev. Amos Brown (California reparations task force vice chair) and Kamilah Moore (California reparations task force chair) about the Californias first-in-the-nation reparations task force and its first interim report, which was released on June 1.

The extensive report surveys the ongoing and compounding harms experienced by African Americans as a result of slavery and its lingering effects on American society today.

However reparations scholar William Sandy Darity begged to differ with Sharptons take on the stats.

Therefore > 30 percent approve, a dramatic improvement. In 2000 a survey conducted by Michael Dawson and Rovana Popoff at UChicago found 4% of white Americans supported monetary payments for black reparations. Today that figure is closer to 30%, tweeted economist Dr. Darity, of Duke University, the co-author of From Here to Equality: Reparations for Black Americans in the Twenty-First Century, which he co-wrote with his wife, reparations expert A. Kirsten Mullen.

Listen to GHOGH with Jamarlin Martin | Episode 74: Jamarlin Martin Jamarlin returns for a new season of the GHOGH podcast to discuss Bitcoin, bubbles, and Biden. He talks about the risk factors for Bitcoin as an investment asset including origin risk, speculative market structure, regulatory, and environment. Are broader financial markets in a massive speculative bubble?

According to the University of Massachusetts Amherst/WCVB National Poll of President Bidens First 100 Days, conducted April 21 April 23, 2021, 28 percent of the whites who responded were for reparations, and 72 percent were against. This is up drastically from a 4 percent approval by whites of monetary reparations in a 2000 national survey conducted by University of Chicago scholars Michael Dawson and Rovana Popoff.

Photo: People take part in an Afrikan Emancipation Day reparations march, in Brixton, south London, Aug. 1, 2020. A coalition of groups including the Afrikan Emancipation Day Reparations March Committee and Extinction Rebellion gathered for the annual event in South London which aims to highlight the need for reparations and amendments to be made for enslavement endured by generations of Black people. (AP Photo/Alberto Pezzali)

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Top Reparations Scholar Dr. Sandy Darity: White Support For Reparations Has Dramatically Increased from 4% to 30% - Moguldom

The 2022 Power of Diversity: Black 100 – City & State

1. Eric Adams

New York City Mayor

New York City Mayor Eric Adams started his term with a pledge to get stuff done. As far as getting Albany on board with some of those priorities, hes had mixed results. While the states leaders signed off on bail reform changes that he backed, he only managed to secure a two-year extension of mayoral control of schools. Throughout June, hell be keeping busy trying to get the New York City Council to sign off on his budget proposal, which would boost spending for police and set aside $5 billion for affordable housing.

State Senate Majority Leader

State Senate Majority Leader Andrea Stewart-Cousins had a busy legislative session. The Westchester lawmaker passed legislation protecting abortion access and combating gun violence, which became a high priority after the deadly Buffalo supermarket shooting. And thats after an already busy state budget process, which brought her successes such as increased funding for child care and disappointments such as bail reform rollbacks.

Assembly Speaker

New Yorks redistricting snafu left the states political leaders in a tough position, though Assembly Speaker Carl Heastie avoided contending with changes to the Assemblys new district maps and any threats to his unsurmountable majority. Meanwhile, the Bronx legislator delivered a major victory to survivors of sexual abuse by passing the the previously stalled Adult Survivors Act and has kept laser focused on other progressive legislative priorities.

State Attorney General

State Attorney General Letitia James excited many New Yorkers with her gubernatorial aspirations last year. But James said she wanted to finish the job on various ongoing investigations she has spearheaded, shifting her focus to securing a second term as attorney general. With multiple court rulings in her favor, James' probe into the business practices of former President Donald Trump and his associates remains one of her top priorities.

Chair, House Democratic Caucus

As New Yorks court-appointed special master redrew the states electoral maps, Rep. Hakeem Jeffries went on the offensive. The House Democratic Caucus chair said the initial draft maps would make Jim Crow blush and decimate Black districts. In an effort to get the maps changed, the top-ranking Democrat spent tens of thousands of dollars in advertising to denounce the proposal. The final maps ultimately ensured that Bedford-Stuyvesant remained in one district as Jeffries insisted, but he still decried the process, calling it a constitutional travesty.

New York City Council Speaker

New York City Council Speaker Adrienne Adams has faced down her first budget negotiation process as the legislative bodys leader. The Queens lawmaker outlined several priorities in her State of the City speech in May, including increasing capital funding for housing to $4 billion, ensuring youth employment programs run year-round and expanding curbside organics collection in the five boroughs. Now, she has to square those goals with the mayors own budget proposal ahead of the July budget deadline.

Assembly Majority Leader

A white 18-year-old driven by racism shot 13 shoppers at a Buffalo supermarket in a predominantly Black neighborhood in May, terrifying Western New York residents. Assembly Majority Leader Crystal Peoples-Stokes called the attack in her district an act of terrorism on the Black community." She has joined other New York officials in pushing for a stronger response to racism and gun violence, while also urging the federal government to do more to regulate access to guns and other military-grade equipment.

Member of Congress

As chair of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Rep. Gregory Meeks has played a key role in Congress monitoring developments in Ukraine. He and other congressional leaders met with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Kyiv earlier this year and worked with colleagues to pass legislation making it easier for the United States to lend the country military equipment. Meeks also criticized the process for redrawing electoral maps in New York in May, calling it a disaster and anti-democratic.

Chair, Bronx Democratic Party

Throughout state Sen. Jamaal Baileys five years in office, he has been committed to criminal justice reform and greater police oversight. That includes sponsoring the Clean Slate Act and legislation that Gov. Kathy Hochul signed into law in December that raises the minimum age for arrest and prosecution of juveniles from 7 to 12 years old. Bailey also continues to play a key role shaping political developments in the Bronx as the head of the Bronx Democratic Party.

Founder and President, National Action Network

After a white teenager killed 10 shoppers and injured three in a predominantly Black neighborhood in Buffalo, the Rev. Al Sharpton immediately headed to Western New York to console the families of the shooting victims and plead for change. The veteran civil rights leader pledged that his organization, the National Action Network, would cover the funeral expenses for those killed in the racist attack. He also called on President Joe Biden to hold a summit on hate crimes.

President, 1199SEIU

George Gresham was pleased with this years state budget, praising the meaningful pay raise allocated to home care workers in New York and increased funding for safety net hospitals. Supporting health care workers throughout the COVID-19 pandemic has been a top priority for Gresham, who was elected president of the 1199SEIU United Healthcare Workers East in 2007. The leader of New Yorks largest union also joined the attorney general in calling for additional protections for nursing home workers.

New York City Public Advocate

In this years gubernatorial election, Public Advocate Jumaane Williams is the left-wing foil to Gov. Kathy Hochul. He has been critical of the governors decision to change the states bail reform laws, saying that she was feed(ing) the fearmongering to win the election. The public advocate has also been an avid critic of criminal justice policies on the local level, lambasting New York City Mayor Eric Adams for reinstating the plainclothes anti-gun unit of the NYPD.

Commissioner, New York City Police Department

Mayor Eric Adams said he wanted an emotionally intelligent and compassionate leader when he interviewed a handful of high-ranking female officers last year. He ultimately chose then-Nassau County Chief of Detectives Keechant Sewell to serve as police commissioner. She immediately had to grapple with several severe crimes, including the shooting deaths of two young police officers. Sewell has also criticized the Manhattan district attorneys prosecution policies as soft on crime and successfully lobbied for tougher bail reform measures in Albany.

U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York

Under Preet Bharara, the Office of the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York successfully prosecuted a string of corrupt state lawmakers. Damian Williams, the first Black occupant of the office, has brought renewed attention to Albany misdeeds, bringing a bombshell indictment against Brian Benjamin, a former state senator who had been appointed lieutenant governor, on campaign finance charges. Benjamins subsequent resignation shook up the New York political landscape.

Chief Adviser, New York City Mayors Office

Ingrid Lewis-Martin is one of few people in City Hall who can say with authority she speaks directly for the mayor. Adamss closet adviser also happens to be his longest-serving aide. She handled hiring decisions and operations for Adams during his tenure as a state senator and was appointed deputy borough president when Adams was in Brooklyn Borough Hall. Now she preapproves budgets, recruits candidates for administration jobs and liaises with city agencies and public officials on Adams behalf.

New York City Schools Chancellor

As New York City Mayor Eric Adams made his pitch to state lawmakers that mayoral control of the citys public schools should be renewed, Schools Chancellor David Banks was right alongside him. Banks joined other Adams administration officials on a trip to Albany in May, aiming to assuage legislators concerns and pledging to ensure parents voices are heard. Banks also spearheaded an expansion of the citys Gifted and Talented Program.

New York City Deputy Mayor for Strategic Initiatives

Sheena Wrights track record helping vulnerable New Yorkers attracted the attention of Eric Adams, who put the United Way executive in charge of his transition committee last year. Wright said she would prioritize diversity when filling out posts in the Adams administration and she scored a top position of her own when Adams tapped her to be a deputy mayor. She has since administered a scholarship account for 97% of kindergartners and helped secure $100 million to make child care more accessible.

Chair, Brooklyn Democratic Party

Assembly Member Rodneyse Bichotte Hermelyn has been busy leading a Brooklyn Democratic Party at war with itself. And this years primary elections, in which many reformer candidates are seeking to unseat incumbent district leaders, will play a key role in determining whether she comes out on top. Yet the Brooklyn Democratic leader continues to maintain strong ties at City Hall, backing Mayor Eric Adams as resolutely as she backed his predecessor, Bill de Blasio.

Bronx District Attorney

Bronx District Attorney Darcel Clark has been vocal in calling for more flexibility in charging teenagers with gun possession and other limits prosecutors in New York City face. The boroughs top prosecutor who was also the first Black woman to be elected as district attorney in the state was pleased to see the governor and state Legislature take up many of those issues in this years state budget. That includes making it easier to prosecute gun trafficking and making changes to the states discovery laws.

Member of Congress

Rep. Ritchie Torres made history as the first openly gay Afro-Latino person elected to Congress two years ago. Since then, Torres has kept busy in New York City and on Capitol Hill. The Bronx lawmaker has pushed congressional leaders to ensure funding is in place for public housing and rental assistance, and together with U.S. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer introduced legislation strengthening fire safety after a devastating Bronx fire killed 17 people earlier this year.

Member of Congress

On Capitol Hill, Rep. Yvette Clarke remains focused on cybersecurity issues and pressing local challenges in New York. Clarke, along with fellow representatives, sent a letter urging the Internal Revenue Service to halt the agencys plan to require anyone trying to access records online to use facial recognition software. After a fire in the Bronx killed 17 residents early this year, the Brooklyn lawmaker and Rep. Ritchie Torres also introduced the Safer Heat Act, which would establish safety standards for space heaters.

President, 32BJ SEIU

More than 30,000 door attendants and building workers prepared to go on strike earlier this year. But Kyle Bragg of 32BJ SEIU managed to secure a contract deal with the Realty Advisory Board on Labor Relations, averting a strike. Bragg, who has served as the unions president since 2019, has been leading the push for increased wages for the workers to account for inflation. Having spent 35 years as a member of the 32BJ SEIU, Bragg has also been critical of high health care costs in New York.

Chair, State Senate Committee on Children and Families

The Democratic Socialists of America has made significant inroads in Albany in recent years, winning half a dozen state legislative seats and pushing for such legislation as higher taxes on the wealthy, single-payer health care and tenant protections. While progressive momentum on some issues, such as criminal justice reform, has fizzled this year, the DSA-backed state Sen. Jabari Brisport became the leading advocate of a push for universal child care and notched a victory when the governor got behind a record $7 billion in child care funding.

Manhattan District Attorney

Since making history as the first African American to serve as Manhattan district attorney, Alvin Bragg has struggled with a rocky transition. The district attorney faced backlash soon after taking office for no longer prosecuting people for minor offenses such as marijuana misdeameanors and prostitution. By March, Bragg drew national scrutiny after two prosecutors in his office resigned over disagreements about whether to bring criminal charges against former President Donald Trump. He maintains that the high-profile investigation is still ongoing, and that his office is exploring evidence not previously explored.

Host, Inside City Hall," NY1

New York politicos seeking insight on the latest developments in New York City and Albany tune into Inside City Hall on NY1. Errol Louis has hosted the nightly primetime show for more than a decade, interviewing prominent local, state and national elected officials about pressing political issues in the region. Louis also regularly pens columns in New York magazine, evaluating topics such as the mayors progress on tackling crime and redistricting.

Chair, Assembly Labor Committee

Assembly Member Latoya Joyner has been laser-focused on pushing forward legislation to support workers in New York. The Assembly Labor Committee chair introduced the Warehouse Worker Protection Act alongside state Sen. Jessica Ramos, and it would prevent employers like Amazon from penalizing workers for failing to meet work quotas because they used rest periods and bathroom breaks. Joyner has also been working to get New York to pass a bill that would increase minimum wage to $20.45 by 2025.

Bronx Borough President

Bronx Borough President Vanessa Gibson made history this year as the first woman and Black person to hold her position leading the borough. But soon after her tenure began, tragedy struck the Bronx, when an apartment building fire in Fordham Heights killed 17 people. Gibsons team mobilized to help other government agencies and organizations connect victims to resources and accommodations in the aftermath. The borough president has also outlined economic development, job creation and COVID-19 recovery as some of her priorities in office.

Member of Congress

The first-term progressive representative who made headlines for defeating a longtime incumbent in 2020 appears to be coasting to reelection this year after emerging unscathed from redistricting. Rep. Jamaal Bowman has drawn some criticism for his decision to break from his fellow Democrats by taking a stance against the Abraham Accords and for voting against the $1 trillion federal infrastructure bill. Bowman managed to avoid what wouldve been a tough challenge from Rep. Mondaire Jones, who had the option of running in his district after new congressional maps were finalized.

Chair, City University of New York

The former New York City comptroller has presided over the citys public university system during difficult times and has gotten it through the other side. Bill Thompson, along with CUNY Chancellor Flix Matos Rodrguez, also hauled in $879 million for capital repair costs for its senior colleges and $240 million in operating funds in the state budget this year. There was talk Thompson could serve as Hochuls lieutenant governor replacement, but hes finishing out his term instead, ensuring CUNY continues to lift thousands of students out of poverty.

State Senators

Eleven Black lawmakers currently serve in the state Senate, led by state Senate Majority Leader Andrea Stewart-Cousins. Several of these senators hold key leadership positions, including state Sen. Leroy Comrie as chair of the Corporations, Authorities, and Commissions Committee, which involves overseeing important entities ranging from the Metropolitan Transportation Authority to the New York City Housing Authority. State Sen. Kevin Parker of Brooklyn chairs the Energy and Telecommunications Committee and state Sen. Robert Jackson of Manhattan chairs the Civil Service and Pensions Committee. State Sen. James Sanders Jr., who chairs the Banks Committee, has been a champion of minority- and women-owned businesses, while state Sen. Roxanne Persaud is a key player in the nonprofit sector as chair of the Committee on Social Services. State Sen. Samra Brouk chairs the Mental Health Committee, state Sen. Zellnor Myrie chairs the Elections Committee and state Sen. Cordell Cleare who won a special election last fall chairs the Committee on Womens Issues.

Commissioner, State Department of Health

Concerns about COVID-19, health care equity and other issues have kept Commissioner Mary Bassett occupied since December 2021. Though the doctor is not on the pandemics front lines, she constantly mans the informational front, providing New York state residents with the latest guidance on COVID-19, monkeypox and other health-related matters. Bassett has also been outspoken about New Yorks continued commitment to abortion access as many states other states prepare to ban the procedure.

New York City Deputy Mayor for Health and Human Services

Anne Williams-Isom is Mayor Eric Adams go-to official when it comes to leading New York Citys initiatives around health and social services for vulnerable New Yorkers. That includes playing a key role in supporting an expansion of the citys doula program and broader efforts to improve maternal health care in the region. Williams-Isom, who has previously led the nonprofit Harlem Childrens Zone, also continues to monitor the citys continued response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Member of Congress

Rep. Mondaire Jones has an unusual midterm election coming up. The first-term lawmaker has represented much of Rockland and Westchester counties, but after redistricting upheavals, is now busy running for an open seat encompassing lower Manhattan and Brooklyn. The unusual primary will have him facing off against numerous candidates, including former New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio, New York City Council Member Carlina Rivera and Assembly Member Yuh-Line Niou. Jones has already managed to get the backing of the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union, among others.

Queens Borough President

Queens Borough President Donovan Richards successfully staved off a tough challenge in his reelection bid last year. Since beginning his first full term as borough president, Richards has been occupied bolstering diversity on Queens community boards and trying to get the Metropolitan Transportation Authority on board for a proposal to establish a ferry service connecting travelers to LaGuardia Airport. He also will continue to be a key voice in proposed rezonings across the borough, including a redevelopment project in Astoria.

New York City Council Members

One-third of the 51-member New York City Council identifies as Black or Afro Latino. Apart from Council Speaker Adrienne Adams, Black lawmakers in the legislative body hold some key posts, including Council Member Selvena Brooks-Powers as majority whip and transportation committee chair, Council Member Kamillah Hanks as chair of the Public Safety Committee and Council Member Rita Joseph as chair of the Education Committee. Apart from Speaker Adams, who has been in office since 2018 (and Council Members Darlene Mealy and Charles Barron, who returned to the council this year after serving in it previously), the largely youthful group is on track to make its mark in the months and years ahead.

Chancellor, State Board of Regents

Lester Young Jr. has worked to positively impact the lives of students throughout the state on the state Board of Regents since 2021, relying on his experience as a teacher, principal and official with the state Education Department. A public servant for five decades, Young has been focused on attaining educational progress and addressing educational inequities across about 700 school districts. The veteran educator is the son of the late jazz great Lester Young.

Buffalo Mayor

After dramatically losing the 2021 Democratic mayoral primary to candidate India Walton, Byron Brown saved face by securing victory in the general election with write-in votes. Now six months into his fifth term leading New York state's second largest city, he faced a tremendous challenge guiding Buffalo residents after a white teenager allegedly shot and killed 10 people at a supermarket in a predominantly Black east-side neighborhood. We won't let hateful ideology stop the progress that we are seeing and experiencing in the city of Buffalo, Brown said on CBS News in May.

Superintendent, State Department of Financial Services

Heading the state Department of Financial Services, Adrienne A. Harris plays an important role in overseeing and regulating New Yorks financial services industry. To that end, she established a climate division for her agency, which issued guidance pushing insurers to take into account the financial risks presented by climate change. The Department of Financial Services has also been expanding its team focused on regulating and guiding cryptocurrency companies under her leadership.

U.S. Attorneys, Eastern District of New York; Western District of New York

When he rolled out his U.S. attorney nominations last summer, President Joe Biden named Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton attorney Breon Peace to head the Eastern District of New York and Trini Ross, then an investigative director with the National Science Foundations Office of Inspector General, to lead the Western District of New York. Along with Damian Williams, the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District, their ascension marked the 1st time that these 3 vital roles will be filled by 3 African American legal leaders at once!, as U.S. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer noted in a tweet.

President, New York State Public Employees Federation

Wayne Spence has consistently proven hes got the right stuff to lead the state's second-largest public workers union, and the unions members concurred by reelecting him to a third term as president last year. Through his time as a state parole officer and beyond, hes been active with the New York State Public Employees Federation. Spence has gained member loyalty through concrete results, having negotiated three contracts with pay raises and no givebacks. Recently, Spence and union executives have been conducting a tour to meet with members in their workplaces.

Assembly Member

As abortion bans are on track to take hold in numerous states across the country, Assembly Member Karines Reyes has been one of the key lawmakers bolstering access to abortion in the state. The Bronx legislator has sponsored a bill that would create a special fund New Yorkers could donate to that would help people from other states get abortions and reproductive health care in New York. She has also rallied fellow lawmakers to adopt a measure for single-payer health care statewide.

New York City Council Members

Although New York City Council Member Kristin Richardson Jordan narrowly won her primary battle with incumbent Bill Perkins last year, she has quickly become one of the most high-profile members of the legislative body. She has been outspoken in her calls to abolish the NYPD, and just notched a major land use victory when a housing developer scrapped the One45 proposal that she argued was unsuitable for her Harlem district. Jordan and New York City Council Member Charles Barron, a veteran politician from Brooklyn and ideological ally on many issues, form an informal, two-member Black socialist caucus.

President and CEO, Community Service Society of New York

The leader of the Community Service Society of New York for over 35 years, David R. Jones has long been one of the foremost defenders of low-income New Yorkers. In his column in the New York Amsterdam News, Jones has called on Gov. Kathy Hochul to sign legislation to tackle medical debt, demanded that New York City Mayor Eric Adams have the New York City Police Department destroy illegally gathered DNA samples and advocated for more effective alternatives to expanding gifted and talented enrollment in the city.

Editors note: David R. Jones is a member of City & States advisory board.

President, National Grid New York

Amid the push to wean New York off fossil fuels and transition to renewable energy sources, National Grid has another suggestion for fueling households. Rudolph Wynter stressed that the states gas infrastructure should have a role in the states energy portfolio and proposed using fossil-free gas sourced from methane from landfills and green hydrogen. The utility drew up the plans as an alternative to a state bill that would ban gas hook ups to new buildings starting in two years.

New York City Deputy Mayor of Public Safety

New York City Deputy Mayor for Public Safety Philip Banks found some success pushing state lawmakers to adjust bail and discovery reforms to crack down on crime. Mayor Eric Adams will also be banking on the deputy mayors support as he tries to make good on his plans to crack down on gun violence, which continues to plague New York City. His appointment this year came under scrutiny due the fact that he was an unindicted co-conspirator in a police corruption probe.

Co-Founders, Black Lives Matter Greater New York

The brother-and-sister duo of Hawk and Chivona Newsome arent afraid to make powerful enemies in their efforts to stand up for Black New Yorkers. The Newsomes in recent months have called for NYPD officers to be disciplined for their brutal actions during protests following the killing of George Floyd and for renewed urgency in combating police violence but Hawks warnings of riots, fire and bloodshed in response to a reinstated NYPD anti-gun unit prompted New York City Mayor Eric Adams to tell him to back down.

Executive Director; Chair, State Office of Cannabis Management; State Cannabis Control Board

The states new marijuana law has been a long time coming, but New Yorks cannabis officials Christopher Alexander and Tremaine Wright want to ensure its rollout wont take years to implement. Alexander, a Queens native who was the lead author of the legalization bill, has taken on the role of cannabis czar and held workshops to help entrepreneurs gain a foothold. Wright, a former Brooklyn Assembly member in charge of regulating the industry, has estimated that legal weed would hit retail shops by this fall.

President and CEO, One Brooklyn Health System

Appointed as CEO in 2017, LaRay Brown took a pivotal role in the successful clinical and administrative consolidation of three health systems into the One Brooklyn Health System, serving the heavily populated central and northeast sections of the borough. She now oversees three hospitals, 12 ambulatory care centers, two nursing homes, an urgent care center and other sites serving Brooklynites. Brown joined other health care executives in March to call on state lawmakers to ensure safety-net hospitals are sufficiently funded.

President, Patrick B. Jenkins & Associates

The well-connected Albany insider might be the best way to get on Assembly Speaker Carl Heasties radar in the state Capitol. Patrick B. Jenkins once worked for Rep. Gregory Meeks and as a special assistant to Heastie. These days Jenkins fundraises for Democratic candidates and is a top government affairs professional in Albany, lobbying legislative leaders on behalf of clients like DraftKings and del Lago Resort & Casino.

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The 2022 Power of Diversity: Black 100 - City & State

Patrick Lyoya shooting: Grand Rapids officer charged with murder – USA TODAY

Grand Rapids police officer identified in death of Patrick Lyoya

Grand Rapids police officer Christopher Schurr has been identified in the killing of Patrick Lyoya during an April 4 traffic stop.

Patrick Colson-Price, USA TODAY

Christopher Schurr a Grand Rapids,Michigan, police officer who fatally shot Patrick Lyoyain the back of the head on April 4 has been charged with one count of second-degreemurder, Kent County Prosecutor Chris Becker announced Thursday.

Second-degree murder is considered a felony offense. If convicted, Schurr could face a lifelong prison sentence with the possibility of parole.

Becker said the second-degree murder charge was the most severe possible, given the evidence he reviewed there was not any indication of premeditation from Schurr, he said, which prevented afirst-degree murder charge.

Schurr turned himself in, Becker said, and his arraignment could come as soon as Friday. He is likely to be tried in Kent County, with Beckers office overseeing the case.

I wouldnt charge it if I didnt think I could prove it, Becker told media gathered in the Michigan State Police precinct just northwest of Grand Rapids.

PREVIOUSLY: Medical examiner's autopsy confirms Patrick Lyoya was shot in back of head; blood-alcohol levels over limit

WATCH: Rev. Al Sharpton and Congolese community leaders hold funeral for Patrick Lyoya

Lyoya, who was 26 at the time of hisshooting,was a Congolese refugee. His deathsparked protestsin Grand Rapids, Detroit and elsewhere over thepolice departments conductwith the citys Black residents and prompted discussions over the citys commitment to racial equity, something it had pledged to improve in the wake of racial injustice protestsin 2020.

Schurr,who had been with the Grand Rapids Police Departmentsince 2015, was placed on paid administrative leave after the shooting. Police Chief Eric Winstromconfirmed Schurrs name to the publicon April 25.

Winstrom said he will recommend Schurr's suspension without pay from the police force pending termination. Schurr is entitled to an employment hearing, under city policy, Winstrom said, speaking during a press conference with other city leaders following Becker's announcement.

Footage released April 13by policeshows Schurr pulling overLyoya, who was Black,the morning of April 4 in Grand Rapids.Schurr, who is white, told Lyoya that he stopped his car because the license plate didnt match the vehicle.

Lyoya appeared confused by what Schurr was saying andexited his vehicle, prompting Schurr to tell him to get back in and provide his drivers license.

Lyoya ran away from Schurr, causing a chase through the front yards of nearby homes. Schurr eventually tackled Lyoya, the two struggled and Schurr could be heard telling Lyoya to "stop" and to "let go of the Taser, in the footage. Schurrs stun gun was deployed twicebut never made contact.

After about 90 seconds, Schurr was on top of Lyoya, who was facedown on the ground. Schurr, still yelling let go of the Taser, shot Lyoya in the back of the head.

The shooting was investigated by the Michigan State Police, which forwarded its investigation to Becker.

Defense lawyers said the shooting was not murder but an unfortunate tragedy during a volatile situation.

Mr. Lyoya gained full control of a police officers weapon while resisting arrest, placing Officer Schurr in fear of great bodily harm or death, Matt Borgula and Mark Dodge said in a written statement.

Lyoyas familygathered withattorneys to watch Beckers announcement from Detroit, andtheywere informed of the decision beforehand, Becker said. The family previouslycalled for charges and wasgiven a letter about the decision, which was translated into their native Swahili.

In Detroit, Peter Lyoya watched the televised announcement with his lawyer, Ven Johnson, and said he was pleased with the decision.

We strongly believed there was no justice in America, until today, Peter Lyoya said. What I want is the final justice for my son."

In addition to protests calling for Schurr to be charged over the shooting, Lyoyas family, attorneys and national figures like the Rev. Al Sharpton had called for Schurr to be charged.

In a statement, Ben Crump, one of the familys attorneys, said the decision to charge was encouraging and called it a "crucial step in the right direction."

Grand Rapids Mayor Rosalynn Bliss said the city will continue to evaluate its policing standards in the wake of the shooting.

City officials will examinehow officers are trained to interact during traffic stops and when traffic stops should occur, how the city conducts investigations into officers after shootings, and how officers are trained to wear and use body cameras, City Manager Mark Washington said.

Schurr's body-worn camera was deactivated during the struggle with Lyoya.

Contributing: The Associated Press

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Patrick Lyoya shooting: Grand Rapids officer charged with murder - USA TODAY

Some Trump voters buck the former president in GOP primaries – NPR

Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp won his Republican primary with broad support, though former President Donald Trump backed a well-known challenger to the incumbent. John Bazemore/AP hide caption

Georgia Gov. Brian Kemp won his Republican primary with broad support, though former President Donald Trump backed a well-known challenger to the incumbent.

Former President Donald Trump has been a near-constant presence in this year's Republican primaries. Candidates have eagerly sought his endorsement, with some making a pilgrimage to his Mar-a-Lago estate to ask for his support in person.

Trump has at times used his endorsement as a tool of revenge, in an attempt to take down GOP officeholders who have crossed him most notably those who did not support his effort to overturn the results of the 2020 election.

But with several weeks of primaries now complete, a trend has emerged: Republican voters even those who maintain Trump was a great president are not marching in lockstep with him. Many are instead bucking his endorsements.

"Republican voters are not monolithic," veteran GOP strategist Dallas Woodhouse said. "They are not falling all over each other waiting to hear who Trump endorses to make their decision." Yes, it is a factor, Woodhouse added, "and it can be a big factor, but it's not necessarily the determinant factor."

Some voters undoubtedly have been waiting on Trump. Take Kathy Deal, for instance. When she spoke with NPR back in March, the resident of Lancaster, Ohio, was undecided and eager to hear from Trump on the state's Republican candidates for U.S. Senate.

"That would definitely seal it for sure, it would seal it," Deal said, weeks before Trump made a late endorsement of Hillbilly Elegy author J.D. Vance, who would go on to win the nomination.

It was a very different story for one voter weeks later in Pennsylvania. Seventy-one-year-old Trump supporter Bob Rapp was not pleased that the former president had endorsed celebrity TV doctor Mehmet Oz in the GOP Senate contest there. Rapp told NPR in April that he doesn't think Oz is even a conservative.

"Some of his stances have been pretty liberal on his TV show," Rapp said. "I'm just concerned that he may be a RINO [Republican in name only]."

But that didn't mean being at odds with Trump over Oz had affected his strong admiration for the former president.

"No, because it's his prerogative," Rapp said. "You don't agree with your leaders 100% of the time." He maintained firmly that Trump's endorsement wouldn't sway him.

Oz did eventually win the nomination in an extremely close contest. Rapp told NPR later that he voted for businessman Dave McCormick, who conceded during a recount.

Though Mehmet Oz, a Trump-backed Republican candidate for U.S. Senate in Pennsylvania, narrowly won his primary, many conservative voters had doubts about him. Ted Shaffrey/AP hide caption

Taking a broad look at how Trump's endorsements have fared so far, his win-loss record is strong, but a lot of that is because mostly he backs popular incumbents or frontrunners, like Pennsylvania gubernatorial candidate Doug Mastriano, who didn't really need his support to secure a nomination.

In other contests Trump's record is more mixed.

"Trump's endorsement is not a magic wand or a silver bullet," said Sarah Longwell, a longtime GOP consultant and the publisher of The Bulwark website.

She's been watching the impact of Trump endorsements and notes that in certain situations it can provide a big boost, especially in highly competitive races with lots of candidates. In such contests, Trump's support can mean more press coverage and create momentum. Longwell says that's what happened in Ohio's U.S. Senate primary.

"Where there's a big group of Republicans, and they're all battling it out, and they're all telling the voters how terrible their opponents are, and people are kind of not sure who they like, and when Trump comes in with an endorsement, it tends to kind of elevate people in these races," she said.

Longwell says that laundry list of factors all aligned to help Vance win in Ohio.

But not all of Trump's picks get such a boost, especially when they are the challenger attempting to knock off an incumbent with high name recognition and a track record.

Take Georgia, where Trump put his credibility on the line by endorsing challengers to a pair of Republican incumbents Gov. Brian Kemp and Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger. Both men crossed Trump when they rebuffed his requests that they use their power to overturn Trump's loss in Georgia in the 2020 election. Trump based his endorsements in these races entirely on his lie that the 2020 election was stolen, and that these two elected officials betrayed him by not supporting him in that falsehood.

But there was a problem for Trump in these contests: Kemp and Raffensperger each had a broad base of support among GOP voters, and each had a record of accomplishment that could compete with Trump's bid for vengeance.

Longwell has been conducting regular focus groups with Trump supporters. In a session with Georgia voters, she heard from people like Laura (focus group members are only identified by their first name), who was still undecided about her vote, but who still had good things to say about the governor.

"I like what Brian Kemp has done," Laura said, "and I liked how he handled COVID." Then for emphasis, she added: "The state seems to be running smoothly to me."

It's not known who Laura eventually cast her ballot for, but it is known that Kemp won reelection by a margin of more than 50 percentage points. Raffensperger won his primary too, also by a substantial margin of 19 points.

Then there's an example in North Carolina, where even a Trump endorsement couldn't save scandal-plagued Congressman Madison Cawthorn in his primary.

GOP strategist Woodhouse says Trump may have actually helped Cawthorn in what was a very tough primary from a conservative challenger. At the very least, Woodhouse said, "Nobody is going to blame the president for Cawthorn's loss because Cawthorn had had a long series of self-inflicted wounds."

Still, he says, it does help demonstrate how a Trump endorsement has limits.

Woodhouse says a key part of all this is the overall makeup of the races in Republican primaries this year and likely into the near future.

In contest after contest, voters are not choosing between a Trump-endorsed candidate and an anti-Trump candidate. Most every GOP hopeful runs on a pro-Trump list of issues. Sometimes that includes support for the lie that Trump really won in 2020, but it also always includes support for Trump's positions and rhetoric on issues like building a southern border wall and getting tough with China on trade with lots of cultural issues thrown in.

"I mean, any candidates going forward are going to adopt those core issues that were part of the America First agenda," Woodhouse said.

So even if his candidate loses, Trump's issues are very much on the winning side in these primaries.

And there's another potentially significant impact Trump is having in the primaries: He's endorsing candidates far down the ballot, for local races, something unheard of for a former president.

Longwell said that allows Republicans to increase their presence in key local offices that don't typically get a lot of attention on Election Day, "which allows people who are totally unknown, and maybe even in many cases running unopposed for offices that people pay almost no attention to, to raise some money, to gain some profile."

For the GOP, she said, it's a matter of building a deep bench of officeholders "to really fill that with people who are very much in Donald Trump's image."

And that could end being Trump's biggest impact on the 2022 elections.

More here:
Some Trump voters buck the former president in GOP primaries - NPR

NY Republican decries polarized parties after dropping out of reelection race – The Hill

Rep. Chris Jacobs (R-N.Y.) criticized the increased polarization of both political parties on Sunday after he dropped out of his reelection race following his voicing support for gun control proposals.

Appearing on CNNs State of the Union, Jacobs told co-anchor Dana Bash that he is the only sitting Republican lawmaker in favor of an assault weapons ban, comparing himself to Rep. Henry Cuellar (D-Texas), the only anti-abortion Democrat in the House.

Our parties are very polarized right now, Jacobs said. And I dont think thats good for the parties. I dont think thats good for democracy, and I think thats one reason why Washington is not working.

Jacobs had announced his support for an assault weapons ban in the wake of high-profile mass shootings at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas and a supermarket in Buffalo, N.Y., which is close to Jacobs district.

In the days after voicing his support for such a ban, GOP officials who endorsed Jacobs rescinded their support. Jacobs announced he would not run for a second term about a week later.

Jacobs said on Sunday he supports an assault weapons ban because proposals put forth by his Republican colleagues felt hollow.

Last week, Jacobs bucked his party by voting for both gun control packages put to a vote on the House floor by Democrats.

The first package, dubbed the Protecting Our Kids Act, included provisions to raise the minimum purchasing age for semi-automatic weapons from 18 to 21 and to ban civilians from using high-capacity magazines.

Jacobs also voted in favor of the Federal Extreme Risk Protection Order Act, which would create a national red flag law, alongside four other Republicans.

Those bills wont pass the Senate, but Jacobs on Sunday said he was hopeful that a bipartisan group of senators that has been meeting in recent days could find common ground on a gun-related package.

Jacobs told Bash that the longtime debate over gun control has broken down over a lack of trust between gun owners and lawmakers favoring more regulation, arguing gun control is an urban-rural debate.

Theres not a trust right now between those people and others on this discussion, because its been so heated,

Read more here:
NY Republican decries polarized parties after dropping out of reelection race - The Hill