Lbya – Wikipdia
Lbyjsk tt Nrodn motto: Sloboda, spravodlivos, demokracia ttna hymna: Libya, Libya, Libya Miestny nzov dlh Dawlat Libya krtky Lbya Hlavn mesto Tripolis 3254s.. 1311v.d. Najvie mesto Tripolis radn jazyky arabina Regionlne jazyky Tamazigh, Domari Demonym Lbyjan, Lbyjanka ttne zriadenie Predseda vldy Predseda veobecnej nrodnej rady doasn vlda Ali Zeidan Nouri Abusahmain Vznik 24. december 1951 Susedia Egypt, Sudn, ad, Niger, Alrsko, Tunisko Rozloha celkov voda (%) 1759540km(16.) 0km (0%) Poet obyvateov odhad (jl 2005) stanie (2004) hustota (jl 2005) 5 853 000 (104.) 5 882 667 [1] 3,3/km (185.) HDP celkov na hlavu (PKS) 2005 67 244 mil. $ (66.) 11 630 $ (56.) Index udskho rozvoja (2003) 0,755 (58.) vysok Mena lbyjsk dinr (LYD) asov psmo Letn as EET (UTC+2) bez zmeny (UTC+2) Medzinrodn kd LBY / LY Medzinrodn poznvacia znaka LAR Internetov domna .ly Smerov telefnne slo +218
Lbya (dlh tvar Lbyjsk tt) je tt v severnej Afrike. Je tvrtm najvm africkm ttom, estnstym najvm na svete. Hlavnm mestom je Tripolis, m 1,7 milina obyvateov. Od februra do oktbra 2011 tu prebiehala obianska vojna, ktor napokon viedla k zvrhnutiu 42 rokov trvajcej diktatry plukovnka Muammara al-Kaddfho.
Povrch Lbye je na severe vinou ninat, smerom na juh sa dvha. Na hraniciach s adom sa rozprestiera pohorie Tibesti, v ktorom sa nachdza najvy vrch Lbye, Dabal Bette s nadmorskou vkou 2267mn.m. A 95% rozlohy ttu pokrva Sahara. Obvan je len pobreie krajiny a roztrsen ozy.
Hlavn mesto krajiny, Tripolis, le pri pobre Stredozemnho mora. alej na vchode sa do pevniny zarezva zliv Vek Syrta. Lbyou nepretek ani jedna trval rieka, s tam len doasn rieky.
Pobreie krajiny le v subtropickom psme, s tam horce a such let a mierne a dadiv zimy. Vo vntrozem je ptne podnebie. Dni s horce, no noci vemi studen. Lbya je sasou severnej Afriky .
zemie Lbye bolo v obdob od 1. po 5. storoie obsaden Rmskou rou, neskr Vandalmi. V roku 642 sa zaala postupn islamizcia krajiny a v roku 1551 sa jej zmocnila Osmansk ra.
V rokoch 1911-1943 bola Lbya talianskou kolniou. Taliansko tto bval osmansk provinciu zskala na zklade Zmluvy z Lausanne po vyhranej taliansko-tureckej vojne, kedy boli Turci, tlaen hroziacim konfliktom s balknskymi ttmi, donten podpsa s Talianskom mierov zmluvu. V rmci tejto zmluvy opustili Tripolsko a Kyrenaiku a odovzdali ju pod sprvu Talianska.
Po druhej svetovej vojne bolo zemie bvalej Talianskej severnej Afriky rozdelen na historick reginy Tripolsko, Kyrenaika (pod vldou Britov) a Fazzn (pod vldou Franczov). Potom, o dolo v roku 1949 k rozsiahlym nepokojom, rozhodla OSN o plnom osamostatnen Lbye. Toto rozhodnutie bolo naplnen roku 1951, kedy spojenm Fezznu, Tripolsko a Kyrenaika vznikol nezvisl federatvny tt Lbyjsk krovstvo pod vldou kra Idrisa I.
V roku 1969 prebehol v krajine pu a hlavou ttu sa stal plukovnk Muammar al-Kaddf, ktor nastolil vojensk diktatru. Ten zaal neskr podporova polovojensk skupiny, ktor v mnohch krajinch Afriky, Eurpy a Latinskej Ameriky ohrozovali tamojie vldy. V 70. a 80. rokoch dokonca Lbya vojensky intervenovala v susednom ade, bvalej franczskej kolnii v strednej Afrike, na o Franczsko odpovedalo vojenskm zsahom. Franczske jednotky sa tak v roku 1986 priamo stretli s Lbyjanmi v rmci opercie pervier. Franczsko leteckmi tokmi zniilo lbyjsk radarov zariadenia a pomohla adskmu prezidentovi Habrmu doby okupovan sever krajiny.
Vo februri 2011 vypuklo v krajine proti vlde dikttora Muammara al-Kaddfho udov povstanie. 19. marca 2011 zaali na zklade rozhodnutia BR OSN . 1973 leteck a nmorn sily niektorch krajn NATO, vdska, Kataru, SAE toky na lbyijsk ciele.
Vzhadom k svojej polohe v subtropickom pse, suchmu podnebiu a mnostvu pt m Lbya minimum pdy vhodnej pre ponohospodrstvo. Drviv vina hospodrstva je tak orientovan na abu ropy a zemnho plynu. Lbya m zujem na prleve zahraninch investci do ropnho priemyslu, ktor vinou desaroia zahraninch sankci zpas s celkovou technickou zaostalosou.
Denne vya Lbya zhruba 1,6 milina barelov ropy z oho ide 1,1 milina barelov na vvoz. Vinu ropy odober Taliansko. V skupine OPEC je o do vvozu ropy, z celkovho potu 12 lenskch krajn na poslednom mieste. [2]
Krajina m tie zsoby zemnho plynu, ktorch potvrden rozsah in 53 bilinov kubickch stp (0,8% celkovch svetovch zsob plynu). Lbya produkuje v sasnej dobe cca 12 milird kubickch metrov plynu rone. Z toho je osem milird exportovanch do Talianska podmorskm plynovodom Greenstream. V krajine vak neexistuj plynov rozvody a obyvatestvo sa mus spolieha na propn-butn vo faiach.[3]
Lbyjsk Arabi tvoria spolu s Berbermi 89% obyvatestva. Zvynch 12% tvoria in nrodnosti. Vina obyvateov je moslimskho vierovyznania.
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Lbya - Wikipdia
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