Monkey Cage: Businesses First Amendment rights dont extend to their employees
By Bruce Barry April 2 at 10:45 AM
A lot of ink has been spilled in recent days over Indianas new religious objection law. Some business owners say they need to safeguard First Amendment rights to religious expression, while opponents vilify it as a pretext for discrimination. Rather fewer people pay attention to the rights of business employees to express their beliefs. What happened recently to Shanna Tippen of Pine Bluff, Ark. reminds us that most American workers dont have a right to express themselves without being fired.
Tippen, a minimum wage motel employee at a Days Inn in Pine Bluff, agreed to be interviewed for a Washington Post story in mid-February about Arkansas newly enacted 25-cent minimum wage hike and its effect on the working poor. Tippen shared some details of her challenging household economics with The Posts Chico Harland, and also mentioned that she was one of the many who signed petitions to get the minimum wage hike on the Arkansas ballot last year.
This week brought a dispiriting follow-up story: Tippen called Harlan to share the news that she was fired by the owner of the motel for talking to The Post. Realizing that journalists often run the risk of unintentionally influencing events in a story they cover, Harlan lamented that writing about Tippens plight may have made her situation worse.
[After a story is published, a minimum wage worker loses her job]
Harlan heard a different story from the Days Inns general manager Herry Patel, who claims that Tippen wasnt fired, but instead walked out after a disagreement. However, Patel had also called Tippen stupid for talking to The Post, had told Harlan that he thought the wage hike was bad for Arkansas because everybody wants free money in Pine Bluff, and subsequently threatened Harlan with a lawsuit if the story ran. Even if the general managers story is as he claims it is, the more important point about American law is that he could have fired Tippen for talking to The Post, with no legal repercussions.
Many people assume that First Amendment rights to free expression should insulate them from punishment by their employer for speech off the job that has little or nothing to do with work. In one national survey, 96 percent said firing a worker for expressing political views with which the employer disagrees with is unacceptable. Unfortunately, many workers mistakenly assume that unacceptable equals protection: in that same survey, 80 percent said (incorrectly) that its illegal to fire someone for expressing contrary political views.
The employment-at-will system that dominates labor law in the U.S. lets an employer fire a worker for just about any reason (or no reason) without legal liability. There are several exceptions, most notably bans on discrimination, as well as employment contracts that limit causes for termination. There is also a public policy exceptionwhich suggests that workers should not be subject to a punitive action by an employer that would be an affront to public interest. For example, workers should not be fired for refusing to commit perjury at their employers request or for taking time off for jury duty. It would violate the public interest if employees could be fired for doing these things.
Arkansas is an employment-at-will state, along with every other state except (oddly) Montana. Shanna Tippen, like most American workers is employed at-will, which means that she can be fired for expressing an opinion to a reporter or to a friend or a stranger or a brick wall for that matter. She would have some protectionand possibly a wrongful termination claimif she had a public sector job. In the private sector, however, First Amendment rights for individual workers to keep their jobs dont exist.
The most plausible reason that most Americans disapprove of firing people for their political views and indeed believe that it is illegal is that they think that free expression is in the public interest. Healthy democracy should allow people to engage in politics and say what they like without fearing that they will lose their jobs for saying something that their employer doesnt like. There are a few states where political activity does get some protection from an employers wrath, even in the private sector. California, for instance, bars employers from restricting or controlling workers political activity off the job. A few states have broad-based lifestyle discrimination statutes preventing employers for penalizing workers for anything they do off the job that is legal, as long as it doesnt create a conflict of interest or hamper the employees ability to do the job. Unfortunately, Tippen doesnt live in one of those states, so if she was fired for talking to a reporter about her life on the minimum wage and her views on the law, she has no recourse.
Read more from the original source:
Monkey Cage: Businesses First Amendment rights dont extend to their employees
- Social media restrictions and First Amendment rights for children | 'Law of the Land' on the Sound of Ideas - Ideastream - November 10th, 2025 [November 10th, 2025]
- Test your Constitutional knowledge: When can free exercise of religion be limited under the First Amendment? - AL.com - November 10th, 2025 [November 10th, 2025]
- Editing federal employees emails to blame Democrats for shutdown violated their First Amendment rights, judge says - CNN - November 7th, 2025 [November 7th, 2025]
- I am in love with the First Amendment | Opinion - PennLive.com - November 7th, 2025 [November 7th, 2025]
- EXCLUSIVE: Texas Good Ol Boys Club vs. First Amendment Krottinger Arrested Over Meme - Yahoo - November 7th, 2025 [November 7th, 2025]
- Trump Administration Speeds up New Rules That Would Make It Easier To Charge Some Protesters - First Amendment Watch - November 7th, 2025 [November 7th, 2025]
- America struggles to balance First Amendment free speech with gun rights amid political violence - Milwaukee Independent - November 7th, 2025 [November 7th, 2025]
- Man Who Threw Sandwich at Federal Agent in Washington Is Found Not Guilty of Assault Charge - First Amendment Watch - November 7th, 2025 [November 7th, 2025]
- Judge Will Order Federal Agents in Chicago To Restrict Using Force Against Protesters and Media - First Amendment Watch - November 7th, 2025 [November 7th, 2025]
- EXCLUSIVE: Texas Good Ol Boys Club vs. First Amendment - Krottinger Arrested Over Meme - Dallas Express - November 7th, 2025 [November 7th, 2025]
- Inside the 'harsh terrain' of Columbia University's First Amendment predicament - USA Today - October 28th, 2025 [October 28th, 2025]
- Biden Warns of Dark Days for the Country as He Urges Americans To Stay Optimistic - First Amendment Watch - October 28th, 2025 [October 28th, 2025]
- Victory! Court Rules that Minnesota Horse Teacher is Able to Continue Teaching in Important First Amendment Win - The Institute for Justice - October 28th, 2025 [October 28th, 2025]
- Anti-Abortion Pregnancy Centers Are Looking To Offer Much More Than Ultrasounds and Diapers - First Amendment Watch - October 28th, 2025 [October 28th, 2025]
- May the First Amendment be with you: Protester sues after Imperial March performance sparks arrest - Fast Company - October 26th, 2025 [October 26th, 2025]
- Mitchell and Mayes ask judge to toss out law against prosecutions targeting First Amendment rights - KJZZ - October 26th, 2025 [October 26th, 2025]
- Creator of app that tracked ICE talks about its removal and the First Amendment - NPR - October 24th, 2025 [October 24th, 2025]
- How Trump's Threats Against the NFL Could Violate the First Amendment - American Civil Liberties Union - October 24th, 2025 [October 24th, 2025]
- 'He played The Imperial March as he walked': Man arrested for playing Darth Vader's theme at National Guard troops sues over alleged First Amendment... - October 24th, 2025 [October 24th, 2025]
- Arizona law protects First Amendment rights. Maricopa County wants to overturn it - azcentral.com and The Arizona Republic - October 24th, 2025 [October 24th, 2025]
- John Foster: First Amendment rights and whether you really should say that - dailyjournal.net - October 24th, 2025 [October 24th, 2025]
- Creator of app that tracked ICE talks about its removal and the First Amendment - Boise State Public Radio - October 24th, 2025 [October 24th, 2025]
- Author Michael Wolff Sues Melania Trump, Saying She Threatened $1B Suit Over Epstein-Related Claims - First Amendment Watch - October 24th, 2025 [October 24th, 2025]
- Creator of app that tracked ICE talks about its removal and the First Amendment - WVIA Public Media - October 24th, 2025 [October 24th, 2025]
- Jimmy Kimmel Clash Was "Never About The First Amendment", Sinclair Exec Insists; FCC "Overreach" & Nexstar-Tegna Mega-Deal... - October 23rd, 2025 [October 23rd, 2025]
- Sinclair COO Rob Weisbord insisted that the local TV giant's recent clash with late-night host Jimmy Kimmel was "never about the First... - October 23rd, 2025 [October 23rd, 2025]
- Historys Lessons for the Second Committee for the First Amendment - The Nation - October 21st, 2025 [October 21st, 2025]
- Why did the city turn off social media comments? Does that violate the First Amendment? - WQOW - October 21st, 2025 [October 21st, 2025]
- Euphemisms, Political Speech, and the First Amendment - The Dispatch - October 21st, 2025 [October 21st, 2025]
- Indiana University Fires Student Newspaper Adviser Who Refused To Block News Stories - First Amendment Watch - October 21st, 2025 [October 21st, 2025]
- Mike Johnson Accuses No Kings Protesters of Blatantly Exercising First Amendment Rights - The Borowitz Report - October 21st, 2025 [October 21st, 2025]
- Florida chooses harassment and intimidation, over the First Amendment | Letters - Tampa Bay Times - October 19th, 2025 [October 19th, 2025]
- Test your Constitutional knowledge: Are these protests protected by the First Amendment? - AL.com - October 19th, 2025 [October 19th, 2025]
- Know Your First Amendment Rights Before the Assignment - National Press Foundation - October 19th, 2025 [October 19th, 2025]
- Lawrence school board candidates share how they would apply the First Amendment while in office - Lawrence Journal-World - October 19th, 2025 [October 19th, 2025]
- Florida chooses harassment and intimidation, over the First Amendment | Letters - Yahoo - October 19th, 2025 [October 19th, 2025]
- First Amendment rights and whether you really should say that - The Republic News - October 19th, 2025 [October 19th, 2025]
- The Knight Institutes Ramya Krishnan on the Trump Administrations Unconstitutional Targeting of Noncitizen Speech - First Amendment Watch - October 19th, 2025 [October 19th, 2025]
- A Brief Legal Analysis of the Department of Educations Proposed Compact for Higher Education - | Knight First Amendment Institute - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- Attorney General Bonta Co-Leads Multistate Coalition in Defense of First Amendment Protections for Noncitizen Students and Faculty - State of... - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- Brown University Rejects Trumps Offer for Priority Funding, Citing Concerns Over Academic Freedom - First Amendment Watch - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- Prominent First Amendment lawyer Floyd Abrams to give annual Amanpour lecture Rhody Today - The University of Rhode Island - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- Do Government Media Policies Like the Pentagons Violate the First Amendment? - Freedom Forum - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- COLUMN: Jimmy Kimmel cant hide behind the First Amendment | Mike Rosen - Denver Gazette - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- Journalists Turn in Access Badges, Exit Pentagon Rather Than Agree to New Reporting Rules - First Amendment Watch - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- 5 days and the First Amendment's future: CSU reinstates free speech policy following weeklong protests - The Rocky Mountain Collegian - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- Federal Judge Blocks Texas From Enforcing Law Giving the First Amendment a Bedtime by Banning Overnight Protest Encampments - The New York Sun - October 17th, 2025 [October 17th, 2025]
- Fox News rebuke shows Trumps attacks on First Amendment are hitting roadblocks - CNN - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- Americans agree the First Amendment is important, but many are unsure why, survey says - AL.com - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- Chiles v. Salazar : a Defining Test for the First Amendment - City Journal - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- State of the First Amendment Address to focus on algorithms, free expression, AI - University of Kentucky - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- New York Times, AP, Newsmax Among News Outlets Who Say They Wont Sign New Pentagon Rules - First Amendment Watch - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- Editors notebook: The First Amendment under threat in Tennessee - Tennessee Lookout - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- U.S. news organizations reject Pentagon reporting rules, say they undermine First Amendment - The Globe and Mail - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- Why free speech rights got left out of the Constitution and added in later via the First Amendment - The Fulcrum - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- California Wants To Punish Social Platforms for Aiding and Abetting the First Amendment - Reason Magazine - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- Hegseths First Amendment war: The press is correct to walk away from ridiculous Pentagon pledge - New York Daily News - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- The First Amendment is fading and we are letting it happen - Talon Marks - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- Friday Oct. 17 12:30pm-1:30pm Zoom event: Trump, the Media, and the First Amendment - Reason Magazine - October 15th, 2025 [October 15th, 2025]
- California wants to make platforms pay for offensive user posts. The First Amendment and Section 230 say otherwise. - FIRE | Foundation for Individual... - October 13th, 2025 [October 13th, 2025]
- 'Retaliation For Protected First Amendment Activity' - NASA Workers Union Sues Trump Over 'Unlawful' Effort To Strip Collective Bargaining Rights -... - October 13th, 2025 [October 13th, 2025]
- We took the freedom of speech away: On First Amendment, Trump says quiet part out loud - MSNBC News - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Opinion: Why NPRs dispute with CPB really is about the First Amendment - current.org - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Jane Fonda Helps Revive Committee For The First Amendment - Honolulu Civil Beat - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Pastor shot in the head by ICE agents sues Trump administration over First Amendment threats in Chicago - the-independent.com - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Are KY mans Halloween decorations protected by First Amendment? What experts say - Lexington Herald Leader - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- National Review : The First Amendment Applies to the Doctors Office, Too - Pacific Legal Foundation - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Are College GameDay Signs Protected by the First Amendment? - Freedom Forum - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Kirk, Kimmel and the First Amendment | Letter to the editor - Mercer Island Reporter - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Jimmy Kimmels First Amendment right to be annoying | Andrew D. Hayes - MassLive - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Muslim activists cite First Amendment as defense for vandalizing Texas church with anti-Israel graffiti - Christian Post - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- When Conversion Therapy Meets the First Amendment: A Landmark Case Before the U.S. Supreme Court - ZENIT - English - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Your right to know: What the First Amendment really says about freedom of the press - The Laconia Daily Sun - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- A Matter of Fact: The gift of the First Amendment - 9News - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Rutherford Co. teacher fired for comments about Kirk files First Amendment lawsuit - The Daily News Journal - October 11th, 2025 [October 11th, 2025]
- Why free speech rights got left out of the Constitution and added in later via the First Amendment - The Conversation - October 9th, 2025 [October 9th, 2025]
- Mary Rose Papandrea Installed as Burchfield Professor of First Amendment and Free Speech Law - GW Today - October 9th, 2025 [October 9th, 2025]
- Supreme Court Weighs First Amendment Challenge to Colorados Ban on Conversion Therapy for Minors - Law Commentary - October 9th, 2025 [October 9th, 2025]
- 'We took the freedom of speech away:' Trump on flag burning protection, First Amendment - USA Today - October 9th, 2025 [October 9th, 2025]
- Jane Fonda heads celebrity-organized Committee for the First Amendment - The Tufts Daily - October 9th, 2025 [October 9th, 2025]