Erdogan Exploits Islam For Personal And Political Gain – Huffington Post
This is the third in a series of articles based in part on eyewitness accounts about the rapidly deteriorating socio-political conditions in Turkey and what the future may hold for the country. The first and second articles are available here: First, Second.
Anyone who follows Turkish President Erdogans political career cannot escape the conclusion that he has carefully and systematically crafted policies framed in Islamic clothing. He uses religion to present himself and his political agenda as if it is being sanctioned by a higher authority, surreptitiously uses Islamic symbols to indoctrinate the population with religious precepts, and promotes Islamic studies in schools in order to cultivate a new generation of devout Muslims loyal to him.
To consolidate his powers, he focused on economic development to build a strong constituency consisting of the poorer and less-educated segments of the Turkish population who support him and follow his model of political Islam. He trumpets democracy to pay lip-service to the secular sector of the population to reduce resistance to his attempt to convert Turkey into an Islamic state.
There is nothing wrong in promoting any religion in a democracy, provided there is a clear separation between church and state. In Turkey, though, Erdogan is making religion part and parcel of the states political process. In fact, as early as 1999 Erdogan went to jail for 4 months for religious incitement after he publicly read a nationalist poem including the lines: The mosques are our barracks, the domes our helmets, the minarets our bayonets and the faithful our soldiers. Erdogans notion that Turkey provides a model of Islamic democracy is an empty slogan, as it no longer resonates domestically or among any Arab or Muslim state.
The fact that Turkey has lost any prospect of becoming an EU member was entirely due to Erdogans severe and methodical undermining of the pillars on which democracy rests, including free press and speech, human rights, a fair and impartial judiciary, secular public education, and checks and balances between the three branches of government.
To promote his social-cultural Islamic agenda, Erdogan began to systematically issue directives to gradually transform Turkey into a religiously-observant society. He did so without resorting to legislation in order to avoid public resistance from the larger secular segment of the population. To that end, he began to introduce Islamic teaching and images into the public consciousness, as well as build religious institutions, to indoctrinate the population with religious precepts.
As early as 2011, Erdogan began to foster an Islamic fashion revolution. He lifted the ban on headscarves in universities, and women who work in state offices and policewomen are now able to wear headscarves, along with women who serve in the military. The once-stigmatized veil has become socially acceptable. There is a discernible rise in the number of fashionable Islamic conservative characters in soap operas, and the portrayal of women as housewives is becoming increasingly prevalent.
Moreover, the modern emblem of Turkey today shows the star outside the crescent which has become the symbol of Islam like the cross is to Christianity. The fast-growing number of mosques offers another vivid symbol of where the country is heading. During the past 30 years, the number of mosques in Turkey has grown from 60,000 to more than 85,000. The AKP uses mosques as a physical symbol of the growth of Islamic values of the state and as a political tool to consolidate its power base.
Perhaps the greatest manifestation of this is the newest, largest mosque in Turkey with six minarets, built on amlica Hill in Istanbul, which is the citys highest point reaching about 1,000 feet above sea level. The site overlooks the Bosphorus in clear view of the entire city.
In addition, alcohol cannot be sold between 10pm and 6am, and can no longer be displayed in windows and restaurants that are located near schools or mosques. Alcohol producers cannot advertise or sponsor social events. Furthermore, the government canceled a festival celebrating the national drink, raki, due to complaints from Islamists, which Erdogan more than welcomed.
In recent years, the Turkish government under Erdogans leadership took many new initiatives to push Islam deeper into the countrys secular education to cultivate a new Islamic generation. The plan included the building of 80 new mosques in public universities, and converting one university in Istanbul into a center for Islamic studies. Erdogan further supported the introduction of compulsory religious classes for all primary school children, and added an extra hour of Islamic studies for all high school students.
One of the most notable expansions of Islamic studies is found in the growth of Imam-Hatip religious schools, where since 2010 the number of schools increased by 90%, from 493 to 936, and the number of students enrolled grew from 65,000 in 2002 to nearly a million by 2016.
Batuhan Aydagl, the Director of the Education Reform Initiative at Istanbul Sabanci University, maintains that the Ministry of Education is driving the demand for these schools, not responding to it. The government is limiting the supply of non-religious schools and increasing the supply of religious onesthey are creating a situation where some students will have to go to these schools regardless of their will.
Parents and teachers are bitterly complaining that Ankara is controlling the appointment of head-teachers who enjoy substantial influence on the selection of courses. Several thousand public school teachers were replaced by Imam-Hatip trained teachers. Boys and girls are in separate classes, presumably to create an environment conducive to better leaning.
Kamuran Karaca, the president of the left-wing Egitim Sen teachers union, put it succinctly when he said: the [AK Party] is using our children for its own ideology this is a political project for creating a religious generation. They are forcing students to learn Arabic, the Quran and its interpretation in Sunni Islam.
Those who have been imbued with Imam-Hatip learning experiences claim that these schools produce people who are more virtuous, work harder, and excel in their professions. They point to the fact that Erdogan himself was a graduate of an Imam-Hatip school. In a speech to the assembly of AKP youth members in 2012, Erdogan stated that We want to raise pious generations.
Erdogan uses religion to present his political agenda as being sanctioned by a higher authority, his Islamic credentials to intimidate the opposition, and the Gulen movement as a scapegoat to promote his brand of Islamism. Fundamentally, Erdogan sees himself as a religious man, i.e. God created the circumstances for him to purge at will any of his fictitious or real political opponents, convincing himself that he is on the right and true path.
During the Ottoman reign, religion played a critical role in governing (a lesson that does not seem to be lost on Erdogan), as was observed by Baruch Spinoza, who in his Theological-Political Treatise stated that .they [the Turks] consider even controversy impious, and so clog mens minds with dogmatic formulas, that they leave no room for sound reason, not even enough to doubt with.
During the debate in the parliament to amend the constitution, Speaker of the Parliament Ismail Kahraman called for the removal of secularism from the new constitution: For one thing, the new constitution should not have secularism. It needs to discuss religion It should not be irreligious, this new constitution, it should be a religious constitution.
Although Kahramans proposals did not pass, it is clear that no such statement would have been made unless it expressed Erdogans sentiment. Essentially, it is becoming increasingly apparent that Erdogans goal is to become the ultimate leader of his country and the Islamic Sunni world. In a visit to Jakarta in July 2016, Erdogan stated that We have only one concern. It is Islam, Islam and Islam. And in recent visits to Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, he sent a message to the Sunni world to unite and put differences aside to fight violations against the Muslim world.
To become the supreme political and religious leader, Erdogan has relentlessly pushed to amend the constitution to grant him near-absolute power for which he needs popular support, and he uses religion to garner this support to promote his political agenda. In this way, he sanctifies his policies, and placed himself at the highest political and religious pedestal. As Napoleon succinctly put it, Religion is excellent stuff for keeping common people quiet.
Religion is meant to provide a moral and ethical compass to promote amity, compassion, empathy, and love, and create social harmony and peace. To be a true Muslim is to adhere to these tenets of the Quranic scripture and follow the pillars of Islam. Thus, no one should be free to exploit religion for the promotion of ones personal ambition, which, in this case, reduces the sacredness of Islam to the level of the human travails and empties it of its holistic spiritual meanings.
A man of faith does not debase the nobility of Islam to promote a personal political agenda in the name of God. A religious man does not imprison tens of thousands of civil servants and leave their families despairing and desolate. A pious man does not purge thousands of teachers without any evidence of wrongdoing. A true believer does not incarcerate scores of journalists, which stifles freedom of the press and silences dissenting voices. A devout man does not subjugate millions of fellow citizensthe Kurdsand rob them of their basic rights to experience their cultural heritage. A virtuous man does not build a White Palace for hundreds of millions of taxpayer dollars while millions of Turks languish in abject poverty. A righteous man does not create a police state and use an iron fist to quell peaceful demonstrations. And finally, a spiritual man does not choke-off the spirit of others, trample on their dignity, and stamp out their pride.
Islam and democracy are not mutually exclusive as long as there is a clear separation between mosque and state. Imams have a role to play in promoting the virtues of Islam, but should have no say on the political processes of the state. For Erdogan to claim that Turkey is a democracy is hypocritical at best, not only because he usurped dictatorial powers but also because he weaved his religious doctrine into the state institutions and intimidated the civil society to join the ranks of his false piety.
Whereas Erdogan insists that Islam offers a purer way of life and creates social cohesiveness that brings prosperity and happiness, he is in fact raising social tension in Turkey by his relentless promulgation of his own brand of Islam to buttress his political agenda. The country has become increasingly polarized between the secular and the religious, which places Turkey on a dangerous path and robs it of its potential to become a true Islamic democracy.
Continued here:
Erdogan Exploits Islam For Personal And Political Gain - Huffington Post
- Trump says he had a productive call with Turkey's Erdogan, visits planned - Reuters - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Trump, Erdogan discuss Gaza, Syria in good and productive phone conversation - The Times of Israel - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Turkey's Erdogan tells Trump to end the humanitarian crisis in Gaza - Middle East Eye - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Trump has productive call with Erdogan, visits planned - eKathimerini.com - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- COMMENT: Turkish oppositions efforts to bring down Erdogan regime are just not working - bne IntelliNews - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- We had a good talk: Trump is going to involve Erdogan in the peace process in Ukraine - EADaily - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Trump says he had a productive call with Turkey's Erdogan, visits planned - Colorado Springs Gazette - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Erdogan, Trump discuss Gaza crisis, defense ties, and Syria stability in phone call - Trkiye Today - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Mitsotakis-Erdogan Meeting Date to Be Finalized in Antalya - tovima.com - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Trump and Erdogan discuss Ukraine war, Syria, and Gaza issues - Investing.com - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Trump says he had a productive call with Turkey's Erdogan, visits planned - marketscreener.com - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Erdogan: Turkish occupation of northern Cyprus will last for centuries - eKathimerini.com - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Turkish Cypriots protest hijab law as Erdogan visits amid fears of Islamisation and corruption cover-ups - Middle East Monitor - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Erdogan says Turkeys presence on Cyprus will last for centuries - eKathimerini.com - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Erdogan, Meloni vow to bolster Italy-Turkey ties - The New Arab - May 5th, 2025 [May 5th, 2025]
- Turkeys Rate Path in Limbo in Wake of Erdogan Rivals Arrest - Bloomberg.com - April 18th, 2025 [April 18th, 2025]
- For Turkish youths, anti-Erdogan protests have stirred an awakening - The Washington Post - April 18th, 2025 [April 18th, 2025]
- Turkish court rejects appeal seeking release of key Erdogan rival from jail - AP News - April 18th, 2025 [April 18th, 2025]
- Erdogan: Whoever obstructs Syrias path to peace, stability will find us standing with Damascus - Middle East Monitor - April 18th, 2025 [April 18th, 2025]
- Erdogan slams silence of Western media on Gaza - breakingthenews.net - April 18th, 2025 [April 18th, 2025]
- Erdogan: Gaza reduced to 50 million tons of debris - breakingthenews.net - April 18th, 2025 [April 18th, 2025]
- Trump says he can mediate between Israel and Turkey, has a great relationship with Erdogan - The Times of Israel - April 8th, 2025 [April 8th, 2025]
- Turkey's opposition vows to sustain protests over jailing of Erdogan's main rival - Reuters - April 8th, 2025 [April 8th, 2025]
- Arrest of Erdogan Rival Triggered Record Exit from Turkey Bonds - Bloomberg - April 8th, 2025 [April 8th, 2025]
- Trump publicly disappoints Netanyahu, stresses very good relationship with Erdogan - Trkiye Today - April 8th, 2025 [April 8th, 2025]
- Trump gave his backing to Erdogan's arrest of main political rival Imamoglu, claims opposition leader - bne IntelliNews - April 8th, 2025 [April 8th, 2025]
- Anti-Erdogan protests: What lies ahead for Turkey? - DW - April 5th, 2025 [April 5th, 2025]
- Erdogan expects Trump to turn positive rhetoric into action amid US tariff issues - TRT World - April 5th, 2025 [April 5th, 2025]
- Turkeys protests over the arrest of an Erdogan rival take a new angle: Boycott shopping - AP News - April 3rd, 2025 [April 3rd, 2025]
- Next US ambassador to Turkey urges Erdogan not to clash with Trump - eKathimerini.com - April 3rd, 2025 [April 3rd, 2025]
- Echoing Hamas, Erdogan reportedly calls for Israel's destruction amid push to rekindle ties with Trump - Fox News - April 3rd, 2025 [April 3rd, 2025]
- Turkish opposition stages rally, announces campaign to defeat Erdogan - The Washington Post - April 3rd, 2025 [April 3rd, 2025]
- Erdogan condemns Israel in Eid al-Fitr speech, calls for global action on Gaza - eKathimerini.com - April 3rd, 2025 [April 3rd, 2025]
- Hundreds of thousands, maybe millions, gather at Istanbul rally to protest against Erdogan - The Times of Israel - April 3rd, 2025 [April 3rd, 2025]
- Erdogan accuses the opposition of wrecking Turkey's economy during protests over mayor's jailing - The Associated Press - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- 'The police are coming to kill us': Inside Turkey's uprising against Erdogan - Israel Hayom - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Erdogan was emboldened to jail Istanbul mayor by global turmoil, analysts say - The Associated Press - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Erdogan Tells Putin Cooperation With Russia Key to Resolving Regional Conflicts - The Moscow Times - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Turkey detains journalists as protests grow over the jailing of key Erdogan rival - The Associated Press - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Erdogan Bets World Will Turn a Blind Eye to Turmoil in Turkey - Bloomberg - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- What's Erdogan's end game with Imamoglu's arrest? - Middle East Eye - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Erdogan turns sights on opposition CHP with his main rival in jail - The Hazard Herald - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Protesters take to streets of Istanbul again over arrest of Erdogan's rival - FRANCE 24 English - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Erdogan turns sights on opposition CHP with his main rival in jail - RFI English - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Trkiye, Russia cooperation is key to resolving regional issues President Erdogan - TRT World - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- In photos and videos: Turkey cracks down on protests after Erdogan rival is jailed - The Washington Post - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Erdogan turns sights on opposition CHP with his main rival in jail - News-shield - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Erdogan Is Trying to Divide and Conquer Turkeys Opposition - Foreign Policy - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- News Wrap: Turkey police crack down on protests that erupted after arrest of Erdogan rival - PBS NewsHour - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Turkey detains journalists as protests over the jailing of key Erdogan rival rock the country - ABC News - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Cash Arsenal Allows Erdogan to Weather His Worst Crisis in Years - Bloomberg - March 28th, 2025 [March 28th, 2025]
- Erdogan arrests the candidate who could beat him - The Economist - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Arrested and stripped of degree: Twin moves to bar Istanbul mayor from ballot suggests Turkeys Erdogan is really worried this time - The Conversation... - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Police arrest Istanbul mayor and key Erdogan rival over alleged corruption and terrorist links - NBC News - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Key Erdogan rival's university diploma is revoked in a move that blocks him from Turkey's election - The Associated Press - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Turkish authorities arrest key rival of Erdogan; critics say it's 'no coincidence' - Fox News - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Istanbul mayor, a key Erdogan rival, arrested; internet restrictions imposed in Turkey - The Times of Israel - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Erdogan: The Zionist regime has once again proven itself to be a terrorist state - Middle East Monitor - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- The arrest of Istanbuls mayor could backfire for Erdogan - The Spectator - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- "The violinist is not needed": Moscow will no longer worry about the loss of Erdogan - Eurasia Daily - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Turkeys Erdogan calls Israel a terror state that feeds on blood - The Times of Israel - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Erdogan dismisses as theatrics criticism of Istanbul mayor detention By Reuters - Investing.com - March 20th, 2025 [March 20th, 2025]
- Bipartisan legislation seeks to rein in Erdogan's Turkey over ties to US foes - Fox News - March 9th, 2025 [March 9th, 2025]
- Erdogan Calls for Turkey to be Included in EU Security Framework - tovima.com - March 9th, 2025 [March 9th, 2025]
- "One nation two states" Erdogan commented on the meeting with Aliyev - Eurasia Daily - March 9th, 2025 [March 9th, 2025]
- Erdogan sees new phase in terror-free Turkey after PKK leaders call to disarm - The Arab Weekly - March 3rd, 2025 [March 3rd, 2025]
- Turkey will resume operations against PKK if disarmament stalls, Erdogan says - The Times of Israel - March 3rd, 2025 [March 3rd, 2025]
- Turkeys Erdogan makes risky bet on peace with Kurds - The Irish Times - March 3rd, 2025 [March 3rd, 2025]
- Starmer discusses with Erdogan war in Ukraine and upcoming summit in London - RBC-Ukraine - March 1st, 2025 [March 1st, 2025]
- Trump and Erdogan: Corrupt Friends or Civilizational Foes? - The Century Foundation - February 27th, 2025 [February 27th, 2025]
- Erdogan claims only Trkiye can rescue the European Union - Weekly Blitz - February 27th, 2025 [February 27th, 2025]
- President Erdogan calls on EU to take solid actions to enhance ties with Trkiye - Trkiye Today - February 27th, 2025 [February 27th, 2025]
- US-Turkey ties: How Trump and Erdogan's new and old problems may impact Israel - opinion - The Jerusalem Post - February 27th, 2025 [February 27th, 2025]
- Turkiye ranks 11th globally in defense industry exports: President Erdogan - Middle East Monitor - February 27th, 2025 [February 27th, 2025]
- Erdogan offers to organize talks between Russia and Ukraine - Yahoo - February 27th, 2025 [February 27th, 2025]
- Middle East strategy central during Turkish President Erdogan's visit to Pakistan, experts say - Voice of America - February 16th, 2025 [February 16th, 2025]
- Erdogan: Trumps plan to oust Gazans from eternal homeland unworthy of discussion - The Times of Israel - February 16th, 2025 [February 16th, 2025]
- Erdogan Forever: Behind Turkeys Latest Crackdown - The Globalist - February 16th, 2025 [February 16th, 2025]
- Turkey's Erdogan lashes out at Israel on a visit to Pakistan and laments the tragedy of Gaza - The Killeen Daily Herald - February 16th, 2025 [February 16th, 2025]
- Erdogan says forced Palestinian displacement will be pure atrocity - Egypt Today - February 16th, 2025 [February 16th, 2025]