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Haiyun Jiang for The New York Times

Donald Trump and his closest allies are preparing a radical reshaping of American government if he regains the White House. Here are some of his plans for cracking down on immigration, directing the Justice Department to prosecute his adversaries, increasing presidential power, upending Americas economic policies, retreating militarily from Europe and unilaterally deploying troops to Democratic-run cities.

Mr. Trump is planning a massive expansion of his first-term crackdown on immigration if he returns to power in 2025. Among other things, he would:

Mr. Trumps top immigration adviser, Stephen Miller, said that a second Trump administration would seek a tenfold increase in the volume of deportations to more than a million per year.

He plans to reassign federal agents and the National Guard to immigration control. He would also enable the use of federal troops to apprehend migrants.

The Trump team plans to use military funds to build vast holding facilities to detain immigrants while their deportation cases progress.

He plans to revive safe third country agreements with Central American countries and expand them to Africa and elsewhere. The aim is to send people seeking asylum to other countries.

He plans to suspend the nations refugee program and once again bar visitors from mostly Muslim countries, reinstating a version of the travel ban that President Biden revoked in 2021.

His administration would declare that children born to undocumented parents were not entitled to citizenship and would cease issuing documents like Social Security cards and passports to them.

Mr. Trump has declared that he would use the powers of the presidency to seek vengeance on his perceived foes. His allies have developed a legal rationale to erase the Justice Departments independence from the president. Mr. Trump has suggested that he would:

As president, Mr. Trump pressed the Justice Department to investigate his foes. If re-elected, he has vowed to appoint a special prosecutor to go after Mr. Biden and his family.

He has cited the precedent of his own indictments to declare that if he became president again and someone challenged him politically, he could say, Go down and indict them.

Kash Patel, a Trump confidant, has threatened to target journalists for prosecution if Mr. Trump returns to power. The campaign later distanced Mr. Trump from the remarks.

Mr. Trump and his associates have a broad goal to alter the balance of power by increasing the presidents authority over every part of the federal government that currently operates independently of the White House. Mr. Trump has said that he will:

Congress has set up various regulatory agencies to operate independently from the White House. Mr. Trump has vowed to bring them under presidential control, setting up a potential court fight.

He has vowed to return to a system under which the president has the power to refuse to spend money that Congress has appropriated for programs the president doesnt like.

During Mr. Trumps presidency, he issued an executive order making it easier to fire career officials and replace them with loyalists. Mr. Biden rescinded it, but Mr. Trump has said that he would reissue it in a second term.

Mr. Trump has disparaged the career work force at agencies involved in national security and foreign policy as an evil deep state he intends to destroy.

Politically appointed lawyers in the first Trump administration sometimes raised objections to White House proposals. Several of his closest advisers are now vetting lawyers seen as more likely to embrace aggressive legal theories about the scope of his power.

At the risk of disrupting the economy in hopes of transforming it, Mr. Trump plans to impose new tariffs on most goods manufactured abroad. Economists say his broader agenda including on trade, deportations and taxes could cause prices to rise. He has said that he will:

Mr. Trump has said that he plans to impose a tariff on most goods made overseas, floating a figure of 10 percent for a new import tax. On top of raising prices for consumers, such a policy would risk a global trade war that hurts American exporters.

He has said that he will phase out all Chinese imports of electronics and other essential goods, and impose new rules to stop U.S. companies from making investments in China. The two countries are the largest economies in the world and exchange hundreds of billions of dollars of goods each year.

He has vowed to revive his deregulatory agenda and go further in curbing the so-called administrative state agencies that issue rules for corporations such as limits aimed at keeping the air and water clean and ensuring that food, drugs, cars and consumer products safe, but that can cut into business profits.

Mr. Trump has said he would extend the tax cuts from his 2017 tax law that are set to expire, including for all levels of personal income and for large estates. He also privately told business leaders he wants to further lower the corporate tax rate.

Mr. Trump has long made clear that he sees NATO, the countrys most important military alliance, not as a force multiplier with allies but as a drain on American resources by freeloaders. He has said he will:

While in office, he threatened to withdraw from NATO. On his campaign website, he says he plans to fundamentally re-evaluate NATOs purpose, fueling anxiety that he could gut or end the alliance.

He has claimed that he would end the war in Ukraine in a day. He has not said how, but he has suggested that he would have made a deal to prevent the war by letting Russia simply take Ukrainian lands.

Mr. Trump has been more clear about his plans for using U.S. military force closer to home. He has said that he would:

He has released a plan to fight Mexican drug cartels with military force. It would violate international law if the United States used armed forces on Mexicos soil without its consent.

While its generally illegal to use the military for domestic law enforcement, the Insurrection Act creates an exception. The Trump team would invoke it to use soldiers as immigration agents.

He came close to unleashing the active-duty military on racial justice protests that sometimes descended into riots in 2020 and remains attracted to the idea. Next time, he has said, he will unilaterally send federal forces to bring order to Democratic-run cities.

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If Trump Wins - The New York Times