How dark money is drowning British democracy – Open Democracy
Organisations which fund political parties are meant to declare all major donations they receive. Yet only one ever has.
Who is funding Theresa May's campaign? Image: Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
Obscure organisations have been pouring millions of pounds into the Conservative party without revealing the source of their funds, new research from openDemocracy reveals today.
Since July 2009, the Conservative party has received nearly 12 million from a little-known type of organisation called unincorporated associations.
July 2009 is relevant, because that is when a new law kicked in, regulating these sorts of donations. But new research by openDemocracy has led to serious questions about whether that law is really doing anything to prevent a flood of secret donations.
'Unincorporated associations' are defined as organisations which have a constitution and at least two members, but arent registered in any other way for example as a company or a trade union. They might be a social club or a sports club or a campaign group.
Its not just the Tories who receive money from them. Over the same period, the Labour party got over 9 million from unincorporated associations; the Liberal Democrats, over 5 million; UKIP, 80,000 and the Green Party and the SNP, nothing.
In itself, there is absolutely nothing wrong with these sorts of donations. For example, when the Gillingham and Rainham Constituency Labour Party decided to give 1,500 to the central party this year, this was counted as a donation from an unincorporated association to Labour.
But they are also open to abuse. After all, if you wanted to funnel money anonymously into a party, circumventing transparency laws, why not do it through one of these groups? And so, in 2009 Political Parties and Elections Act laid down some rules. It was designed to ensure that these sorts of organisations werent used as fronts for donations to be hidden from public scrutiny.
If you wanted to funnel money anonymously into a party, circumventing transparency laws, why not do it through one of these groups?
As the Electoral Commission website puts it:
Unincorporated Associations that donate more than 25,000 in a calendar year are required to register with us and report gifts in excess of 7,500."
The register of Unincorporated Associations is here(.xls). It includes 62 different organisations, though it isnt complete: today, openDemocracy has revealed today that the Scottish Conservatives appear to have accepted a donation of 100,000 from an unregistered group not listed here. It isnt clear how many more groups have also donated more than 25,000 without registering.
But we can also reveal today that, since the Act in 2009, only one registered unincorporated association has ever admitted to receiving a donation of more than 7,500. The spreadsheet of registered donations on the Electoral Commission website only records six donations, made over 2013 and 2014, by two donors, all to the same Association, the Conservative donors the Trevelyan Campaign Fund.
The complete register of gifts to Unincorporated Associations, 2009-2017.
This means that every other unincorporated association donating more than 25,000 claims it hasnt received any donation of more than 7,500 over the course of 12 months from any individual since 2009. Either that, or its failed to comply with this key transparency law. So extraordinarily it seems that, with one small exception, all of the 12 million which has gone to the Conservative party through these organisations came in the form of small donations.
While it is of course possible that it is true and we certainly arent accusing any specific organisation of breaching this law it does raise serious questions about the extent to which the system is open to abuse. The 2009 Elections Act was passed to ensure that unincorporated associations couldnt funnel dark money into our election system. But in reality, there are still millions of pounds flooding our democracy through these organisations. We have no idea where it is coming from. We have no idea what they are demanding of our politicians. And we have no idea what they are getting from them.
See the original post:
How dark money is drowning British democracy - Open Democracy
- Trump is aiming for dictatorship. Thats the verdict of the worlds most credible democracy watchdog | Martin Gelin - The Guardian - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- What if democracy doesnt start at the ballot box, but in conversation? That was the central idea of Jrgen Habermas, one of the most influential... - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- New study shows global democracy hasnt been this bad since 1978. Australia should be worried - The Conversation - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Report from Jerusalem: As Israel Keeps Bombing Iran, Palestinians Face Growing Violence in West Bank - Democracy Now! - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Virginia vs. Florida: Trumps redistricting arms race isnt over yet - Democracy Docket - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Mr Nobody Against Putin Wins Oscar; Meet the Russian Teacher in Film Who Confronts State Propaganda - Democracy Now! - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Arts of Democracy in New Mexico traveling exhibit coming this spring - KRQE - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- UMW hosts Braver Angels debate about the effect of social media on democracy - Fredericksburg Free Press - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Time for Progress Toward Democracy in Venezuela - Council on Foreign Relations - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Can Democracy Survive When Americans See Each Other as Bad People? - The Fulcrum - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- This week at Democracy Docket: MAGA melts down over SAVE and DOJ struggles with the email address field - Democracy Docket - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing: How Concentrated Power and Confusion Threaten American Democracy - The Fulcrum - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Indias Contradictions in a Fractured World: Democracy, Identity, Power, and Silence - Impakter - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Immigration Judge Orders the Release of Palestinian Activist Leqaa Kordia - Democracy Now! - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Reflecting on history, power and the future of the U.S. democracy - AFRO American Newspapers - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Algerias Sham Reforms Expose Regimes Fear of Real Democracy Ahead of Elections - Middle East Forum - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Before the Revolution, the Seeds of Democracy were Planted at Jamestown - Williamsburg Yorktown Daily - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Stabbings, spies and joyless schools. Is this liberal democracy? - The Times - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Who will be the first to take off their shoes? - Democracy Docket - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Minnesotas Township Day: Where Local Democracy Still Meets Face to Face - MinneapoliMedia - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Meet the Young Leaders of the Democracy Architects Council: Building a Playbook for U.S. Democracy's Future. - The Fulcrum - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Discover the Global Democracy Coalition Regional Forums 2026: Join the Conversation on the Future of Democracy - International IDEA - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Fighting for Democracy and Reproductive Freedom - Planned Parenthood Action Fund - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- The Kids Could Determine the Future of Democracy - The 74 - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Shining light will protect our democracy - MessageMedia.co - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- China Rejects Lai Remarks Linking Democracy With Sovereignty - Bloomberg.com - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Why the rise of multi-party politics is good for democracy - The Conversation - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Deputy Secretary General addressing youth: Democracy is an evolving process - coe.int - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Ombudspersons and National Human Rights Institutions: protecting human rights and democracy - coe.int - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Supporting Democracy, Coexistence, and Cultural Identity in Israeli Education: CommunityResearch Partnerships in Jewish and Arab-Palestinian Schools -... - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Aleppo | Delegation of Equality and Peoples Democracy Party arrives to Kobani to participate in funeral - syriahr.com - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- This Week in Democracy Week 60: Hegseths Insane Press Conference, and Trump Pushes Voter Suppression Bill - Zeteo - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Andrew Yang on AI, Democracy, and the Hudson Valley Ideas Festival - Chronogram Magazine - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- The Blogs: Israels Democracy vs Palestinian Rule - The Times of Israel - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- A blow to Caribbean democracy as Stabroek News and Newsday papers fold after social media shift - The Independent - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Joint public hearing on "Democracy and elections in the AI era" | Hearings | Events | AFCO | Committees - European Parliament - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Fisk University and NYU Law Launch New Initiative on Democracy in the American South - The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education - March 15th, 2026 [March 15th, 2026]
- Nobel laureate author of Why Nations Fail warns U.S. democracy wont survive the AI job-pocalypse - Fortune - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Dems demand probe of Trumps SAVE America Act website - Democracy Docket - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Good news: California is moving its democracy into its bureaucracy - San Francisco Chronicle - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Why the psychology of cruelty thrives on turning boredom with a stable democracy into a culture war - Milwaukee Independent - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Democracy Innovation Prizes: Fostering the Next Generation of Democratic Entrepreneurs - The Fulcrum - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Blossom Johnson '19 selected for Democracy Cycle Commission by PAC NYC - Columbia School of the Arts - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Stop muzzling the 1%: The wealthy have a right to free speech and democracy needs billionaires - MarketWatch - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Solidarity with Ukraine: Voices from the frontline of a struggle for freedom and democracy - Education International - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- This week at Democracy Docket: Telling the truth about the SAVE America Act when legacy media wont - Democracy Docket - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Mandelson is the political scandal of the century - Democracy for Sale - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Letter to the Editor: Lets keep Town Meeting and our democracy - Brattleboro Reformer - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Jules Boykoff on Politics at the 2026 Winter Olympics - Democracy Now! - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Its Still a Genocide: Poet Mosab Abu Toha on Reality of Ceasefire in Gaza - Democracy Now! - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Bomb Cyclone Pummels and Paralyzes Northeastern U.S. - Democracy Now! - February 24th, 2026 [February 24th, 2026]
- Introducing a new Ballotpedia project for Americas 250th anniversary: The Blueprints of Democracy - Ballotpedia News - February 22nd, 2026 [February 22nd, 2026]
- Two Identities, One Democracy: The Rise of the Voter Over the Citizen - Countercurrents - February 22nd, 2026 [February 22nd, 2026]
- From Pulpit to Protest: How the Black Church Shaped Democracy and the Rev. Jesse Jackson - Howard University News Service - February 22nd, 2026 [February 22nd, 2026]
- This Week in Democracy Week 57: Trump's Tariff Tantrum, Illegal Arrests, and Colbert Censorship - Zeteo - February 22nd, 2026 [February 22nd, 2026]
- Democracy for the 21st century - Southern Poverty Law Center - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Can we rebuild the Internet for democracy? - GZERO Media - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Democracy, leadership, legacy come alive at PVAMUs State of The Hill - PVAMU Home - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- How Pro-Democracy Foreign Policy Can Survive Trump And Emerge Stronger Than Ever - NOTUS News of the United States - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Connecticut Democracy Center Announces Three Honorees for 2026 - Connecticut by the Numbers - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Democracy scholar to discuss the Declaration of Independence and 'America 250' - Penn State University - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Extreme wealth inequality is threatening democracy, reports warn - Democracy Without Borders - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Susan Collins hands Trump the 50th vote against free and fair elections - Democracy Docket - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- South Koreas Former President Sentenced to Life in Prison - Democracy Now! - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Letter to the Editor: RTM is a beautiful expression of democracy - Brattleboro Reformer - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Strengthen Democracy by Empowering People to Vote with their Feet - democracyproject.org - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Out of the Ashes: Building a New American Democracy - Southern Poverty Law Center - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- GZERO: Can we rebuild the Internet for democracy? - Project Liberty - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Jesse Jacksons Legacy: From Marching with MLK to Building the Rainbow Coalition - Democracy Now! - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Pennsylvanias youth are standing up when democracy needs them most | Opinion - PennLive - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Local control on issues big and small is the backbone of Minnesota democracy - MinnPost - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Without due process, there is no democracy: Immigration experts address Marblehead crowd - Marblehead Current - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Courts Have Ruled 4,400+ Times That ICE Jailed People Illegally; Despite Rebukes, ICE Keeps Doing It - Democracy Now! - February 20th, 2026 [February 20th, 2026]
- Election denier involved in fake electors plot wrote much of SAVE America Act, Trump-aligned think tank claims - Democracy Docket - February 14th, 2026 [February 14th, 2026]
- Voting rights groups sue to block Ohio law that purges voters without warning - Democracy Docket - February 14th, 2026 [February 14th, 2026]
- House GOP passes sweeping anti-voting bill that could disenfranchise millions, sends measure to Senate - Democracy Docket - February 14th, 2026 [February 14th, 2026]
- Bangladesh's PM in waiting dedicates win to those who 'sacrified for democracy' - The Economic Times - February 14th, 2026 [February 14th, 2026]
- Abortion bans have always been part of the attack on democracy - Democracy Docket - February 11th, 2026 [February 11th, 2026]
- Jimmy Lais sentencing tells me this: democracy is dead in Hong Kong, and I escaped just in time | Nathan Law - The Guardian - February 11th, 2026 [February 11th, 2026]
- Democracy dies in broad daylight: the Trump administrations frontal assault on the free press - The Conversation - February 11th, 2026 [February 11th, 2026]