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Next in the culture wars: Vaccine passports

As the ranks of the inoculated in the U.S. grow, businesses, schools and politicians are considering vaccine passports digital proof of vaccination against the coronavirus as a path to reviving the economy and postpandemic life.

But the idea is raising knotty moral and legal questions about whether businesses and schools can require them and whether the government can mandate vaccinations or stop organizations from demanding proof.

The answer to these questions is mostly yes, but the issue is fast becoming a political one. Vaccine passports are shaping up to be the next big clash in the American culture wars.

Today, the Republican governor of Texas barred many organizations from requiring proof of vaccination, following a similar move in Florida. Lawmakers in Pennsylvania, Arkansas and elsewhere have begun drafting legislation that would ban or limit vaccine passports. Some Republicans say the passports are Democratic overreach, socialism or an intrusion on personal liberty and private health choices.

Many organizations and businesses, however, see the passports as a way to keep employees, customers and others safe and are pushing forward. A number of universities have already said they will require proof of vaccination from students this fall, and airlines are trying out apps showing the vaccination status of pilots and crews.

Some countries have moved to institute national vaccine passports. In Israel, the Green Pass system has allowed a return to something similar to prepandemic life, as vaccinated individuals are free to go to concerts and restaurants and gather in groups. Prime Minister Boris Johnson announced yesterday that Britain would create Covid certificates that would give holders access to public areas like nightclubs and to sporting events.

In the U.S., the Supreme Court has declared, in two separate cases, that government entities can largely require vaccinations for entry, service and travel. Private companies can also largely refuse to employ or do business with anyone they want, although states can probably override that by enacting a law barring discrimination based on vaccination status.

President Biden appears reluctant to wade into the fray, after signing an executive order to assess the feasibility of producing digital vaccination documents. The White House has said that it will not be pushing to pass a federal mandate and would leave vaccine passports up to the private sector, mystifying some local and state heath officials who want the federal government more involved.

In China, which has largely contained the coronavirus outbreak and made big strides in returning to normal life, many people just dont feel the urgency to line up for a vaccine. Others are wary of Chinas history of vaccine-related scandals, a fear that the lack of transparency around Chinese-made Covid-19 vaccines has done little to assuage.

Thats where the ice cream comes in. In Beijing, vaccinated people get buy-one-get-one-free cones. Elsewhere, local governments have published poems and warned parents that if they refuse a shot, their childrens schooling, future employment and housing were all at risk.

They say its voluntary, but if you dont get the vaccine, theyll just keep calling you, said Annie Chen, a university student in Beijing, who relented after she received two vaccine entreaties from a school counselor in about a week.

The all-out blitz appears to be working. Over the past week, China has administered an average of about 4.8 million doses a day, up from about one million a day for much of last month. The authorities hope that 560 million people will be vaccinated by the end of June about 40 percent of Chinas population.

Despite the surge in vaccinations, China still lags far behind dozens of other countries. Though the country has approved five homegrown vaccines, it has administered 10 shots for every 100 residents. Britain has administered 56 for every 100; the United States, 50.

Heres a roundup of restrictions in all 50 states.

U.S. coronavirus cases have increased again after hitting a low late last month, and some of the states driving the upward trend have also been hit hardest by variants.

A new study found that many children who never had Covid-19 symptoms later developed a mysterious inflammatory syndrome.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said that the risk of infection from contaminated surfaces, while not impossible, was very low, generally less than 1 in 10,000.

In The Atlantic, a writer explored memory, storytelling and how we will define the experience of living through the pandemic for future generations.

Swedens initial approach to the pandemic was unique, largely avoiding virus restrictions and mask requirements. The New Yorker looks at how the country has fared one year on.

Playing without capacity restrictions for their home opener, the Texas Rangers hosted the largest American sports crowd of the pandemic.

Researchers found that fan attendance at N.F.L. games led to episodic spikes in the number of Covid-19 cases in the surrounding community.

As some people start to shake off coronavirus precautions, those who are waiting their turn for a vaccine say the FOMO is real. Its like when every friend is getting engaged before you.

My uncle died from Covid complications in December, so for my family and so many others, we will grieve long after the pandemic is over. There is a sadness in my moms voice that was never there before. He was her younger brother and weve been unable to have a service for him. People are so excited to go out and get back to normal, but for so many of us, there is no normal, we will forever be a statistic. Its been difficult seeing so many people who dont take Covid seriously or wont get the vaccine. That has been something Ive really struggled with. Ive learned during the pandemic the only thing that really matters in life is holding close to your loved ones.

Sunnie Haeger, Denver

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Amelia Nierenberg contributed to todays newsletter.

Email your thoughts to briefing@nytimes.com.

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Coronavirus Briefing: What Happened Today - The New York Times