Robert Mapplethorpe and Cincinnati: The Perfect Moment and the fight over censorship and obscenity. – Slate
Robert Mapplethorpe was one of the most famous photographers in the worldand one of the most controversial. When his work came to Cincinnati in 1990, it would be at the center of a vicious fight over obscenity and the First Amendment, one that threatened the future of art in America.
This episode of One Year was written by Evan Chung, One Years senior producer. It was produced by Kelly Jones and Evan Chung, with additional production by Olivia Briley.
It was edited by Josh Levin, One Years editorial director, with Joel Meyer and Derek John, Slates executive producer of narrative podcasts. Merritt Jacob is our senior technical director.
JoinSlate Plusto get a special behind-the-scenes conversation at the end of our season about how we put together our 1990 stories. Slate Plus members also get to listen to all Slate podcasts without any ads.
Sources for This Episode
Books
Bolton, Richard. Culture Wars: Documents from the Recent Controversies in the Arts, New Press, 1992.
Carr, C. On Edge: Performance at the End of the Twentieth Century, Wesleyan University Press, 2008.
De Grazia, Edward. Girls Lean Back Everywhere: The Law of Obscenity and the Assault on Genius, Vintage, 1993.
Marshall, Richard. Robert Mapplethorpe, Whitney Museum of Art, 1988.
Meyer, Richard. Outlaw Representation: Censorship and Homosexuality in Twentieth-Century American Art, Oxford University Press, 2002.
Smith, Patti. Just Kids, Ecco, 2010.
Articles
Adams, Henry. Thirty Years After The Perfect Moment, CAN Journal, November 2020.
Adler, Amy. The Shifting Law of Sexual Speech: Rethinking Robert Mapplethorpe, University of Chicago Legal Forum, December 2020.
Andry, Al. Arts Case Strategy Perplexes Experts, Cincinnati Post, Oct. 3, 1990.
Andry, Al. Police Will Review Mapplethorpe, Cincinnati Post, March 23, 1990.
Anti-Mapplethorpe Strategy Began at March 7 Meeting, Cincinnati Post, March 28, 1990.
Barrie, Dennis. The Scene of the Crime, Art Journal, Autumn 1991.
Batson, Larry. Cincinnati Museum Still Under Siege From Keep-It-Clean Forces, Star Tribune, June 17, 1990.
Bermudez, Frederick. CAC Supporters to Face Charges, Cincinnati Enquirer, Sept. 25, 1990.
Bolton, Douglas and Sharon Moloney. Will Art Fury Hurt the City?, Cincinnati Post, March 30, 1990.
Burns, Michael. Cincinnati: Anti-Porn Capital, UPI, Oct. 19, 1986.
Dunne, Dominick. Robert Mapplethorpes Proud Finale, Vanity Fair, February 1989.
Cembalest, Robin. The Obscenity Trial: How They Voted to Acquit, ARTnews, December 1990.
City of the Year: Cincinnati, Sports Illustrated, Dec. 31, 1990.
Dennis, Debra. Art Critic Goes to Bat for Photos in Court, Cincinnati Post, Oct. 3, 1990.
Dennis, Debra. Photo Show Verdict: Not Guilty, Cincinnati Post, Oct. 6, 1990.
Dobush, Grace. 25 Years Later: Cincinnati and the Obscenity Trial Over Mapplethorpe Art, Washington Post, Oct. 24, 2015.
Faherty, John and Carol Motsinger. Pornography or Art? Cincinnati Decided, Cincinnati Enquirer, March 28, 2015.
Findsen, Owen. Controversy Brought Crowds, Cincinnati Enquirer, May 26, 1990.
Findsen, Owen. Group Wants Center to Cancel Photo Show, Cincinnati Enquirer, March 21, 1990.
Findsen, Owen. Museum Chief Prepares for Mapplethorpe, Cincinnati Enquirer, Feb. 13, 1990.
Findsen, Owen. Perfect Moments Time Arrives, Cincinnati Enquirer, April 6, 1990.
Findsen, Owen. Police to View Mapplethorpe Exhibit, Cincinnati Enquirer, March 24, 1990.
Findsen, Owen. Ruling that CAC Is Not a Museum Jolts Art World, Cincinnati Enquirer, June 21, 1990.
Fox, John. Then and Now: Mapplethorpe CAC, Cincinnati CityBeat, March 30, 2000.
Gamarekian, Barbara. Mapplethorpe Backers Picket the Corcoran and Plan New Shows, New York Times, June 17, 1989.
Glueck, Grace. Publicity Is Enriching Mapplethorpe Estate, New York Times, April 6, 1990.
Grundberg, Andy. The Allure of Mapplethorpes Photographs, New York Times, July 31, 1988.
Harrison, Eric. Sides Square Off for Mapplethorpe Photo Trial, Los Angeles Times, Sept. 23, 1990.
Hartigan, Patti. The Picture of Innocence, Boston Globe, Aug. 3, 1990.
Honan, William H. Congressional Anger Threatens Arts Endowments Budget, New York Times, June 20, 1989.
Horn, Dan. Post Poll: 59% Say Let Show Go On, Cincinnati Post, April 13, 1990.
Kastor, Elizabeth. Funding Art That Offends, Washington Post, June 7, 1989.
Kaufman, Ben L. Judge Refuses to Dismiss Indictments, Cincinnati Enquirer, June 20, 1990.
Kaufman, Ben L. Judge to Police: Keep Hands Off Exhibit, Cincinnati Enquirer, April 9, 1990.
Lobb, Monty, Jr. The Side of Virtue and Dignity, Cincinnati Enquirer, March 30, 1990.
Mapplethorpe: One Year Later, Cincinnati Enquirer, April 6, 1991.
Masters, Kim. Art Gallery Not Guilty of Obscenity, Washington Post, Oct. 6, 1990.
Masters, Kim. Defense Rests in Mapplethorpe Art Trial, Washington Post, Oct. 4, 1990.
Masters, Kim. Jurors View Photos of Children, Washington Post, Oct. 3, 1990.
McLeod, Douglas M. and Jill A. MacKenzie. Print Media and Public Reaction to the Controversy Over NEA Funding for Robert Mapplethorpes The Perfect Moment Exhibit, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, June 1998.
Merrill, Elizabeth M. Zaha Hadids Center for Contemporary Art and the Perils of New Museum Architecture, Criticism, 2019.
Mezibov, Marc. The Mapplethorpe Obscenity Trial, Litigation, Summer 1992.
Moloney, Sharon. As Show Leaves, Debate Rages On, Cincinnati Post, May 26, 1990.
Moloney, Sharon. Perfect Image Clashes with Citys, Foes Say, Cincinnati Post, March 29, 1990.
Moloney, Sharon and Al Salvato. Police View Mapplethorpe, Cincinnati Post, April 2, 1990.
Moore, Kevin. Whipping Up a Storm: How Robert Mapplethorpe Shocked America, the Guardian, Nov. 17, 2015.
Moores, Lew. Photos Condone Behavior, Witness Says, Cincinnati Enquirer, Oct. 5, 1990.
ONeill, Cliff. The Mapplethorpe Mess, OutWeek, July 3, 1989.
Palmer, Alex. When Art Fought the Law and the Art Won, Smithsonian Magazine, Oct. 2, 2015.
Prendergast, Jane. 4,000 Pack Photo Exhibit, Cincinnati Enquirer, April 7, 1990.
Prendergast, Jane. Arts Center, Director Indicted, Cincinnati Enquirer, April 8, 1990.
Prendergast, Jane. Funding Given Up by CAC, Cincinnati Enquirer, March 26, 1990.
Siebert, Mark and Lew Moores. Lewd, But Art, Jurors Say, Cincinnati Enquirer, Oct. 7, 1990.
Sischy, Ingrid. White and Black, the New Yorker, Nov. 5, 1989.
Span, Paula. The Childrens Portraits: Innocence or Pornography?, Washington Post, May 3, 1990.
Stein, Jerry. High Noon for Mapplethorpe Show, Cincinnati Post, April 6, 1990.
Sturmon, Sarah and Sharon Moloney. Mapplethorpe Suit Jolts City, County, Cincinnati Post, March 29, 1990.
Uzelac, Ellen. Mapplethorpe Trial Puts Cincinnati on Art MapBut Town Talks About Baseball, Baltimore Sun, Sept. 27, 1990.
Vaccariello, Linda. A Lion in Winter, Cincinnati Magazine, February 1997.
Vester, John W., William J. Gerhardt, and Mark Snyder. Mapplethorpe in Cincinnati, Cincinnati Enquirer, March 24, 1990.
Wilkerson, Isabel. Cincinnati Art Gallery and Director to Stand Trial, New York Times, June 20, 1990.
Wilkerson, Isabel. When a Crusade Is a Career, New York Times, April 14, 1990.
Audiovisual
Damned in the U.S.A, dir. Paul Yule, 1993.
Perversion for Profit, Citizens for Decent Literature, 1963.
Robert Mapplethorpe, dir. Nigel Finch, Arena, BBC, 1988.
Footage of the visitor reactions at the Contemporary Arts Center on April 8, 1990 was filmed by Bart Everson and Michael Northam.
Excerpt from:
Robert Mapplethorpe and Cincinnati: The Perfect Moment and the fight over censorship and obscenity. - Slate
- Explained : Is Israel Censoring What You See About the Iran War? - Haaretz - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Judge Asked To Reverse Donald Trump National Parks Censorship - Newsweek - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Moscow dials up censorship with new whitelist system - The Week - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Amid war, Pentagon quashing of reporter access is blatant censorship - Freedom of the Press Foundation - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Leading First Amendment Scholars and Litigators Call on FCC to End Unlawful Jawboning and Censorship Campaign - freepress.net - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Inside The Independent Ink: Mr. Fish on Free Expression, Censorship, and the Fight for an Unmuzzled Press - scheerpost.com - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Against the censorship of left-wing bookshops in Germany! Defend freedom of culture and expression! - World Socialist Web Site - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Chinas Censorship Is the Most Pressing Threat to Freedom of Expression - The Diplomat Asia-Pacific Current Affairs Magazine - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- SXSW panels tackle censorship and funding in public media, the arts - CultureMap Austin - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Removing political art stifles the conversations universities need - North Texas Daily - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- We need the world service more than ever - Index on Censorship - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- America hunts EU 'censorship' proof as tech giants told to hand over vanishing messages - Cybernews - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- 10 Films On Palestine To Stream In India Amidst The Censorship Of The Voice Of Hind Rajab - Outlook India - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Why is India banning the release of this Oscar-nominated Gaza drama? - Euronews.com - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Indias artist fraternity is uniting to devise meaningful responses to growing censorship - The Hindu - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Shortlist for $40K Canadian Political Writing Prize Includes Titles on Oil, Censorship, and Women's Rights - stl.news - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Dhurandhar: The Revenge dubbed versions delayed due to censorship issues; Ranveer Singh starrer to begi - The Times of India - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Books about oil, censorship and women's rights on shortlist for $40K Canadian political writing prize - CBC - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- India bans 'The Voice of Hind Rajab', citing threats to relationship with Israel - Middle East Eye - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- Free Speech Watchdogs Urge FCC Chair To Withdraw Threats To Broadcasters 03/23/2026 - MediaPost - March 22nd, 2026 [March 22nd, 2026]
- NetChoice in Court to Halt Arkansas Window Dressing to Online Censorship Law - NetChoice - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Donald Trump Boasts About Crushing Legacy Media, And Newsom Mocks - Deadline - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- The Take: The hidden battlefield Censorship in the Israel-Iran war - Al Jazeera - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- On The Weeknight, Angelo Carusone discusses how Trumps attacks on reporters "create a culture of self-censorship" in the media - Media... - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Opinion | Social Media Isnt Just Speech. Its Also a Defective, Hazardous Product. - The New York Times - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Libraries urge residents to defend right to read amid rise in censorship - MidlandToday.ca - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- USFWS Moved To Censor Materials On Climate Change And Indigenous History - National Parks Traveler - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Banned Books: New York writers and educators talk about the dangerous impacts of censorship on literature - amNewYork - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Trump closes The Kennedy Center for renovation, sets a standard of censorship for the nation - The Miami Student - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Offline by decree: Irans war on the internet - Index on Censorship - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Are You Being Shadowbanned? Here's What You Need To Know - The Advocates for Self-Government - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Watch: The livestream of PFLAGs panel on LGBTQ+ censorship at SXSW EDU - dallasvoice.com - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Op-ed | From Prison Cell to Public Forum: What Prison Censorship Teaches Us about Democracy - Davis Vanguard - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- How to Kill a Free Press Without Killing a Free Press - Real Patriotism with Terry Moran - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Hicks: There's only one way to 'interpret' efforts to censor history at National Parks - Post and Courier - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Russia: Googling anything against the authorities is a crime - Index on Censorship - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- AKBAYAN YOUTH CONDEMNS CENSORSHIP OF UM CAMPUS PUBLICATION The Akbayan Youth has criticized the censorship of Primum, the official campus publication... - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Ethereum Foundation publishes formal mandate to hardlock censorship resistance and privacy - crypto.news - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Another weekend & another dust-up between Donald Trump and Gavin Newsom -- this time about media censorship or control, depending on who you ask.... - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- FCC chair calls Colbert censorship controversy a hoax orchestrated for clicks and donations - Washington Times - March 17th, 2026 [March 17th, 2026]
- Congress Is Considering Abolishing Your Right to Be Anonymous Online - The Intercept - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- The public deserves to know when Iran war reporting is stifled - Freedom of the Press Foundation - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- The Greenville Eight and Library Discrimination, Then and Now: Book Censorship News, March 6, 2026 - Book Riot - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Berlin Golden Bear Winner Ilker Catak Reacts to German Government Recommendations For Festival: We Would Have to Call It What It Is: Censorship -... - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- End User: Users should be aware of censorship on social platforms - The Ithacan - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Press must be transparent about wartime censorship - Freedom of the Press Foundation - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Oklahoma, Florida, Idaho Propose More Restrictive Book Bills | Censorship News - School Library Journal - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- The Toronto Film Critics Association Is Falling Apart - Vulture - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Golden Bear winner warns of possible German government 'censorship' - Euronews.com - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Censorship is a tool of the state but it's also a tool of the censored - Independent Australia - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Censoring Courses Isnt the Law in Texas. Public Universities Are Doing It Anyway. - The Chronicle of Higher Education - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Workshop on Investigating Prison Book Bans - The Marshall Project - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Elle-Mij Tailfeathers Rejects TFCA Award Over Alleged Censorship of Acceptance Speech Mentioning Palestine - TheWrap - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg says in deposition that he resisted censoring platforms - ABC News - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- The Unseen Cost: Media Censorship and the Human Face of War - Devdiscourse - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Roblox is censoring chats with AI - The Verge - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg says in deposition that he resisted censoring platforms - chronicleonline.com - March 7th, 2026 [March 7th, 2026]
- Europes global censorship threat, spare us the moral posturing, lefties and other commentary - New York Post - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- WhatsApp officially names Mullvad and Amnezia VPN as go-to tools for bypassing censorship - TechRadar - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- Inside Scoop: America off the rails, Colbert censorship controversy, Royal Reckoning - Washington Examiner - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- Two Views on AI in Chinas Censorship and Influence Operations - China Digital Times - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- Internet blackout is tool of desperate regime to isolate Iranians, say experts - The Guardian - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- The Right Expands Its Campaign to Censor College Professors - The Progressive - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- Author Sandra Cisneros to Texas A&M: The word is watching you censor education - Houston Chronicle - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg says in deposition that he resisted censoring platforms - Traverse City Record-Eagle - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- More than 200 schools sign a manifesto against the censorship of Catalan and island authors - Diari ARA - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- Advocates: Prohibit Admin From Censoring ICE Reporting Tools 03/02/2026 - MediaPost - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- CNN reporter's live 'gaffe' in Iran war coverage from Israel goes viral; did she admit censorship? | Watch | Hindustan Times - Hindustan Times - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- Lost in Translation: How Misunderstanding Free Speech Undermines the Very Purpose it Claims to Serve - Verfassungsblog - March 4th, 2026 [March 4th, 2026]
- Susan Sarandon Says She Was Banned From Hollywood After Calling for Gaza Ceasefire: I Feel Repression and Censorship in United States - Variety - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- Trumps Selective War on Censorship - Human Rights Watch - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- The View censors Whoopi Goldberg during on-air discussion about Bill Gates and Jeffrey Epstein - AOL.com - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- Opinion: Another year, another school censorship bill - Concord Monitor - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- Inside Texas A&Ms Scramble to Censor Its Curriculum - The Chronicle of Higher Education - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- Rep. Boyle calls for federal protections for Independence Mall and other sites - WHYY - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- Lawsuit targets censorship at Grand Teton, other national parks - KHOL 89.1 FM - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- Is the FCC 'equal time' rule leading to media censorship and self-censorship? - NPR - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- Free speech is the casualty in Ukraine war - Index on Censorship - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- The Personal is Political: M. Lin on Censorship and The Memory Museum - see you next tuesday media - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]
- A professor challenged the Smithsonian. Security shut the gallery. - The Washington Post - March 2nd, 2026 [March 2nd, 2026]