10+ Years of Activists Silenced: Internet Intermediaries’ Long History of Censorship – EFF
Recent decisions by technology companies, especially upstream infrastructure technology companies, to drop neo-Nazis as customers have captured public attentionand for good reason. The content being blocked is vile and horrific, there is growing concern about hate groups across the country, and the nation is focused on issues of racism and protest.
But this is a dangerous moment for Internet expression and the power of private platforms that host much of the speech on the Internet. People cheering for companies who have censored content in recent weeks may soon find the same tactic used against causes they love. We must be careful about what we are asking these companies to do and carefully review the processes they use to do it. A look at previous examples that EFF has handled in the past 10+ years can help demonstrate why we are so concerned.
This isnt just a slippery slope fear about potential future harm. Complaints to various kinds of intermediaries have been occurring for over a decade. Its clear that Internet technology companiesespecially those further upstream like domain name registrars are simply not equipped or competent to distinguish between good complaints and bad in the U.S. much less around the world. They also have no strong mechanisms for allowing due process or correcting mistakes. Instead they merely react to where the pressure is greatest or where their business interests lie.
Here are just a few cases EFF has handled or helped from the last decade where complaints went upstream to website hosts and DNS providers, impacting activist groups specifically. And this is not to mention the many times direct user platforms like Facebook and Twitter have censored content from artists, activists, and others.
Youll notice that complainers in these cases are powerful corporations. Thats not a coincidence. Large companies have the time, money, and scary lawyers to pressure intermediaries to do their biddingsomething smaller communities rarely have.
The story gets much more frightening when governments enter the conversation. All of the major technology companies publish transparency reports documenting the many efforts made by governments around the world to require the companies to take down their customers speech.[1]
China ties the domain name system to tracking systems and censorship. Russia-backed groups flag Ukrainian speech, Chinese groups flag Tibetan speech, Israeli groups flag Palestinian speech, just to name a few. Every state has some reason to try to bend the core intermediaries to their agenda, which is why EFF along with a number of international organizations created the Manila Principlesto set out the basic rules for intermediaries to follow when responding to these governmental pressures. Those concerned about the position of the current U.S. government with regard to Black Lives Matter, Antifa groups, and similar left-leaning communities should take note: efforts to urge the current U.S. government to treat them as hate groups have already begun.
Will the Internet remain a place where small, marginalized voices get heard? For every tech CEO now worried about neo-Nazis there are hundreds of decisions made to silence voices that are made outside of public scrutiny with no transparency into decision-making or easy ways to get mistakes corrected. We understand the impulse to cheer any decisions to stand up against horrific speech, but if we embrace upstream intermediary censorship, it may very well come back to haunt us.
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10+ Years of Activists Silenced: Internet Intermediaries' Long History of Censorship - EFF
- Film on library censorship to be followed by Q&A at Cinematique - Yahoo - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- On Censorship by Ai Weiwei review are we losing the battle for free speech? - The Guardian - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- Proposed library changes would increase censorship in Tennessee, the ACLU warns - wpln.org - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- Texas A&M groups, students hold media conference Thursday over censorship and class cancellations - kxxv.com - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- What one year of Trump's climate censorship reveals - The Japan Times - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- County dropped DEI office name and Boyce blasts growing censorship - dispatch.com - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- Brazil in 'crisis of censorship' over trans and LGBT ideology - www.christiantoday.com - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- The Generational Impact of Book Bans on Teens: Book Censorship News, January 23, 2026 - Book Riot - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- Russia to Launch AI-Powered Internet Censorship System in 2026 to Strengthen Information Control - UNITED24 Media - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- 4.6 billion people were affected by internet censorship in 2025 with Asia continuing to lead the way - Tom's Guide - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
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- Meta lends a censoring hand to Vietnams Party congress - Asia Times - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- Starlink offers a glimmer of hope in the internet darkness - Index on Censorship - January 24th, 2026 [January 24th, 2026]
- Turkey expands online censorship by blocking corruption-related reporting on independent news site - BLiTZ - Fears None But God - January 18th, 2026 [January 18th, 2026]
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- Adelaide Festival removing Palestinian author is an act of censorship - Al Jazeera - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- Governments advance universal digital identification, mass surveillance and censorship - World Socialist Web Site - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- Expanding the Web of Control - PEN America - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- Irans Protests and the Internet Blackout That Followed - Council on Foreign Relations - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- A tale of two cities in the deplatforming of Jewish and Palestinian speakers - Index on Censorship - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- PEN America Warns of Expanding Web of Control as Politicians Escalate Campaign to Censor U.S. Colleges and Universities - PEN America - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- Wikipedias 25th birthday proves the power of free speech - Freedom of the Press Foundation - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- 'Anyone could find themselves on that side of history. Even us' - Haaretz - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- Censorship, public safety and the limits of free speech in the age of AI - Full Fact - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- Online speech is powerful. Thats why Iran is silencing it. - FIRE | Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression - January 16th, 2026 [January 16th, 2026]
- Censorship Arrives on Campus - Inside Higher Ed - January 14th, 2026 [January 14th, 2026]
- Opinion | Trumps censorship machine is cracking down on the Smithsonian - MS NOW - January 14th, 2026 [January 14th, 2026]
- Red lines and increasing self-censorship reshape Hong Kongs once freewheeling press scene - mariettatimes.com - January 14th, 2026 [January 14th, 2026]
- Texas A&M censoring Plato is a cowardly act that condescends to students - San Antonio Express-News - January 14th, 2026 [January 14th, 2026]
- 7 Ways Yu-Gi-Ohs Censorship Made the Anime Better Than the Original - ComicBook.com - January 14th, 2026 [January 14th, 2026]
- Bitcoin-Linked Bitchat Goes Open Source To Battle Censorship In Iran - Open Source For You - January 14th, 2026 [January 14th, 2026]
- Sandeep Reddy Vangas censor remarks goes viral as Thalapahy Vijay's 'Jana Nayagan' faces certification d - Times of India - January 11th, 2026 [January 11th, 2026]
- Elon Musk claims outcry over Grok deepfakes used as an excuse for censorship - the-independent.com - January 11th, 2026 [January 11th, 2026]
- Ethereum Eyes Censorship Resistance With Distributed Block Building Vision - Bitcoin.com News - January 11th, 2026 [January 11th, 2026]
- Tech Billionaire Says Its Time for the Government to Suspend Freedom of Speech - Futurism - January 11th, 2026 [January 11th, 2026]
- Musk claims criticism of X AI chatbot is being used to justify censorship - Anadolu Ajans - January 11th, 2026 [January 11th, 2026]
- A&M professor ordered to adjust curriculum speaks with KBTX about academic censorship concerns - KBTX News 3 - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- 60+ Small Tasks to Defend the Right to Read: Book Censorship News, January 9, 2026 - Book Riot - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Tanzanias Samia Suluhu Hassan named Tyrant of the Year - Index on Censorship - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Letter: Keep library free of censorship - The Columbian - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- CDT 2025 Year-End Roundup: Most Notable Censored Articles and Essays (Part 2) - China Digital Times - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Snapshots of Censorship: Viewpoint diversity? No, this is censorship - PEN America - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Opinion | Where hate speech censorship is even worse than on U.S. campuses - The Washington Post - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Philosopher Steve Fuller on Science, Censorship, and the Church of Darwin - Science and Culture Today - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Sivakarthikeyan opens up on Parasakthi censorship; wishes Jana Nayagan success - The Hindu - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- "The effects of these developments are not yet clear" how the VPN industry responded to 2025's biggest threats - TechRadar - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Amid Jana Nayagans controversy, Ram Gopal Varma says censor board is outdated: It insults viewers - The Indian Express - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Looks like another year of intolerance, ignorance and censorship - Canberra CityNews - January 9th, 2026 [January 9th, 2026]
- Opinion: I counted Trumps censorship attempts. Heres what I found. - The Salt Lake Tribune - January 4th, 2026 [January 4th, 2026]
- DACC Board to Consider Public Censor of Member - Vermilion County First - January 4th, 2026 [January 4th, 2026]
- 15 Clever Ways Classic Movies Got Past the Censors - Cracked.com - January 2nd, 2026 [January 2nd, 2026]
- The Year in Art: Censorship, Satire, and Introspection - Ocula - January 2nd, 2026 [January 2nd, 2026]
- DACC board to consider public censor of member - The News-Gazette - January 2nd, 2026 [January 2nd, 2026]
- Americas free speech tsar: We reject Brits who censor the US - thetimes.com - January 2nd, 2026 [January 2nd, 2026]
- Trump Bars 5 Europeans From the U.S. Over Their Censorship Efforts - Yahoo - January 2nd, 2026 [January 2nd, 2026]
- Performing Censorship: Theatre and expression in Russia today - The Boar - January 2nd, 2026 [January 2nd, 2026]
- Opinion | I Counted Trumps Censorship Attempts. Heres What I Found. - The New York Times - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- A year of censorship and repression. And victory against the Russian state - The Barents Observer - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- Proposed Alabama bill sparks debate over library governance and censorship concerns - WBMA - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- States Tried to Censor Kids Online. Courts, and EFF, Mostly Stopped Them: 2025 in Review - Electronic Frontier Foundation - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- Trump Bars 5 Europeans From the U.S. Over Their Censorship Efforts - Reason Magazine - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- A Banner Year for Domestic and Global Censorship by the US - theunpopulist.net - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- The science of how (and when) we decide to speak outor self-censor - Ars Technica - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- Imran Ahmed on Trump's threat to deport him over 'censorship' for countering online hate - PBS - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- Shots fired in the US-EU war over digital censorship - The Week - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- Americas free speech tsar: We reject Brits who censor the US - The Times - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- Congress's Crusade to Age Gate the Internet: 2025 in Review - Electronic Frontier Foundation - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- CBS Political Censorship of "60 Minutes": Another Victim of Media Merger Madness - btlonline.org - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- Trump admin pushes back on European censorship - Fox News - December 31st, 2025 [December 31st, 2025]
- They Seek to Curb Online Hate. The U.S. Accuses Them of Censorship. - The New York Times - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- EU warns of possible action after the U.S. bars 5 Europeans accused of censorship - Los Angeles Times - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- CBS 60 Minutes Censorship Rings Another Alarm, Warning of Corporate Medias Threat to Democracy - Democracy Now! - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- Trump administration bars 5 Europeans from entry to the U.S. over alleged censorship - NPR - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- US targets former EU commissioner, activists with visa bans over alleged censorship - Reuters - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- EU warns of action after U.S. bars 5 Europeans accused of censorship - Global News - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- US bars five Europeans it says pressured tech firms to censor American viewpoints online - AP News - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- EU warns of possible action after the US bars 5 Europeans accused of censorship - AP News - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- EU rejects US claims of censorship over tech rules after visa bans - EUobserver - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- Trump administration bans top EU figures, citing 'censorship' of American views online - The National Desk - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]
- Turkey intensifies censorship of LGBT-related content across media and culture in 2025 - Stockholm Center for Freedom - December 27th, 2025 [December 27th, 2025]