Archive for the ‘Migrant Crisis’ Category

Denmark thinks free birth control for African countries will slow Europe’s migrant crisis – Quartz

Denmark is pledging 91 million Danish kroner ($14 million) to curb the human and social costs of unwanted pregnancies in places with poor infrastructure and opportunities for young women. Much of the focus will be on Africas least developed countries.

Danish minister for development cooperation, Ulla Trns, said, part of the solution to reducing migratory pressures on Europe is to reduce the very high population growth in many African countries.

The framing of contraception aid as an act of foreign policy reflects a change in attitudes towards refugees and migrants in the Scandinavian country. In August 2015, the government passed legislation to cut welfare benefits to refugees and migrants residing in the country for less than eight years. And in January 2016, Danish parliament approved plans to allow police to seize the refugee assets worth more than $436.

Over a million migrants and refugees reached Europe by sea in 2015, with nearly 4,000 reported missing, or suspected to have drowned, according to the UN Refugee Agency.

The UN high commissioner for refugees, Filippo Grandi, said the move was a deeply concerning response to humanitarian needs and an affront to their dignity. In an 18-page report, Grandi also wrote that Denmarks proposed immigration policies were out of touch with its tradition of providing sanctuary to those in need.

Trnss comments follow French president Emmanuel Macrons diagnosis of Africas problems as civilizational , saying one of Africas essential challenges was population growth, and noting that in some countriesseven or right children [are] born to each woman. However, the 2017 Revision of the UN World Population Prospects tells a different story. Fertility rates for Africa were recorded at 4.7 births per woman for 2010-2015. The only country in Africa, let alone the world, that resembles Macrons statistic is Niger.

While global fertility rates are set to fall, the UN anticipates a rapid increase in the population of 33 African countries categorized as least developed nations. These nations are expected to triple in size between 2017 and 2100.

Like Denmark, Germany has received high numbers of refugees coming to its borders since the crisis in 2015. Chancellor Angela Merkel was criticized by opposition leaders over her open door policy towards refugees and migrants in 2016. But on July 17, Merkel said she wouldnt set an upper limit on refugees in a live interview on German TV.

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Denmark thinks free birth control for African countries will slow Europe's migrant crisis - Quartz

How Is The European Migration Crisis Affecting Polish Politics? – Social Europe

Aleks Szczerbiak

The migration crisis has rumbled on for the last two years since it developed as a major issue in Polish politics dividing the main parties in the run up to the most recent October 2015 parliamentary election. Along with the three other Central European Visegrad countries the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia the previous government, led by the centrist Civic Platform (PO) grouping, initially opposed the European Commissions proposal for mandatory re-distribution quotas for Middle Eastern and North African migrants located in Greece and Italy.

However, concerned that the country was coming across as one of the least sympathetic to the migrants plight, the Polish government changed its approach following the summer 2015 migration wave. Civic Platforms EU strategy was based on trying to locate Poland within the so-called European mainstream by presenting itself as a reliable and stable member state adopting a positive and constructive approach towards the main EU powers, so it was anxious to appear to be playing a positive role in helping alleviate the crisis. In the event, at the September 2015 EU summit Poland broke with its Central European allies and signed up to a burden-sharing plan which involved the country admitting 6,200 migrants as part of an EU-wide scheme to relocate 160,000 people in total by September 2017.

On the other hand, the right-wing Law and Justice (PiS) party, at the time the main opposition grouping, bitterly opposed the EU plan arguing that Poland should resist pressure to take in migrants. The party warned that there was a serious danger of making the same mistakes as many West European states with large Muslim communities, which could lead to admitting migrants who did not respect Polish laws and customs and tried to impose their way of life on the country. While it always supported Polish EU membership in principle, Law and Justice was a broadly anti-federalist (verging on Eurosceptic) party committed to defending Polish sovereignty, especially in the moral-cultural sphere where it rejected what it saw as a hegemonic EU liberal-left consensus that undermined Polands traditional values and national identity. It viewed the migrant relocation scheme as part of this wider clash of cultures which also threatened the countrys national security.

Not surprisingly, therefore, Law and Justice accused the outgoing Civic Platform government of betraying its Central European allies by taking decisions under EU pressure that undermined Polish culture and security. It argued that the figure of a few thousand migrants was unrealistic because family members would be able to join initial arrivals and that the quota would be used as a precedent to force Poland to take in additional migrants in the future. Following its October 2015 election victory, the new Law and Justice government agreed initially to implement the scheme approved by its predecessor and, as a start, accept 100 migrants. However, in April 2016 it suspended the process arguing that the verification procedures for the vetting of migrants were insufficient to guarantee Polish national security. Since then Poland (along with Hungary) has not accepted any migrants under the EU scheme.

The migration crisis re-surfaced as a major issue last month when, in a sharp escalation of its dispute with Warsaw, the European Commission decided to launch the first step of a so-called EU law infringement procedure case against Poland (together with the Czech Republic and Hungary) for its refusal to implement the relocation plan. Although the first stage of the process simply requires Poland to give a formal response to letters of notice by the middle of July, it also opens the way for prolonged legal wrangling. The case could take up to five years to resolve at the European Court of Justice and only at this point would Poland face any possible financial penalties.

However, the governments critics argue that there could still be short-term political consequences as the Commissions action further weakens the position of a Polish government which, they say, has become increasingly isolated within the EU since Law and Justice took office. The Law and Justice administration has, for example, been involved in an ongoing dispute with the Commission since the latter initiated a rule of law procedure against Poland in January 2016 following the outbreak of a bitter, domestic political and legal row over the membership and competencies of the countrys constitutional tribunal. The governments opponents say this could have a negative impact in the next EU budget round, of which Poland is currently the largest net beneficiary, and the negotiations for which are due to begin in a few months. Law and Justice argues that, as EU budgets require unanimity, Warsaw can prevent any attempts to develop such linkages, although its critics say there are ways that this veto can be by-passed.

Shortly after the Commission launched its legal probe, Law and Justice prime minister Beata Szydo also came under fire for a speech that she made at a ceremony to mark the seventy-seventh anniversary of the first Polish prisoners arriving at the Auschwitz German death camp. Mrs Szydos comment that Auschwitz is a lesson showing that everything needs to be done to protect ones citizens was interpreted by the governments critics as a dog-whistle defence of her governments opposition to the EUs migrant quota plan. Earlier, during a May parliamentary debate Mrs Szydo had denounced the madness of the European elites for failing to stand up to terrorism and argued that the recent wave of Islamist attacks in Western Europe vindicated Warsaws refusal to comply with the relocation scheme. However, accusing her critics of cynicism, Law and Justice denied that Mrs Szydos remarks at the Auschwitz commemorations in any way referred to the issue of migration.

The Law and Justice government has responded by vowing to fight the Commissions infringement action all the way. It argued that the EU scheme was pushed through using a qualified majority vote on very weak legal foundations; Hungary and Slovakia have challenged it in a separate action which the Court of Justice is expected to give an initial ruling on within the next month. Law and Justice denounced the Commissions move as an instance of double standards, pointing out that, although Poland and Hungary were the only countries not to have taken in any migrants under the programme, no other EU member state had so far fulfilled its commitments. The party argued that Warsaw had shown solidarity by helping to protect the EUs external borders and allocating funds to aid victims of conflicts locally; although less than other countries, according to its critics. It also pointed out that Poland had taken in over one million migrants from war-torn Ukraine, thus easing migrant pressures on other EU countries; although the governments critics said that these were virtually all economic migrants rather than refugees.

In fact, most Poles are strongly opposed to the EU migrant quota scheme. A May 2017 survey conducted by the CBOS polling agency, for example, found that 70% were against accepting refugees from Muslim countries and only 25% in favour; with 65% still opposed even if Poland was threatened with financial penalties. Poland is an overwhelmingly Catholic country with very few ethnic minorities which has had little experience of the modern migrations that have transformed Western Europe. Poles are keen to avoid the kind of cultural and security problems that many of them feel West European countries have experienced through admitting large numbers of Muslim migrants who are seen as difficult to assimilate and embedding violent extremists within their communities. Not surprisingly, therefore, Law and Justice has made the European migration crisis one of the most important issues legitimising its government. Indeed, last month ruling party-backed President Andrzej Duda proposed holding a national referendum on the issue, possibly timed to coincide with the next autumn 2019 parliamentary election.

This is important because a key motivation for Poles voting overwhelmingly to join the EU in the countrys 2003 accession referendum, especially among the older generations, was the idea that the European integration process represented a symbolic re-uniting of Poland with a Western international community of shared values that they had always considered themselves to be part of culturally and spiritually. This notion of EU membership as a natural and obvious historical and civilisational choice has, however, come under strain in recent years due to an increasing sense of cultural distinctiveness that many Poles feel towards Western Europe. This was particularly evident in the sphere of moralcultural values where Polish attachment to traditional morality and national identity stands in stark contrast to the socially liberal, cosmopolitan consensus that predominates among West European cultural and political elites.The contrasting reaction of Poles (and other Central Europeans) to the European migration crisis highlighted this and raised questions about whether they actually wanted to make the same civilizational choices as West Europeans.

At the same time, the migration crisis has left Polands liberal-centrist opposition uncertain how to respond. Civic Platform, which is now the main opposition party, has undertaken dramatic political contortions on the issue trying to strike a balance between competing domestic and international pressures. On the one hand, party leader Grzegorz Schetyna was concerned to be seen to be responding to popular anxieties, so in May told a reporter that Civic Platform was against Poland accepting any refugees. Then, as it came under pressure from the strongly pro-EU liberal-left media and cultural establishment, Civic Platform rowed back saying that it was only against illegal migrants. Moreover, accusing Law and Justice of being anti-European and promoting xenophobia, Mr Schetynas party said that it favoured accepting a few dozen refugees as long as they were mostly women and children who were genuinely escaping armed conflict and had been vetted on security grounds.

However, one problem for Law and Justice is that a number of senior clergymen from Polands influential Catholic Church appear to disagree with the governments approach towards the migration issue. This is awkward for the ruling party which presents itself as a staunch defender of Christian values and enjoys a great deal of sympathy among Catholic bishops, clergymen and Church-linked civil society organisations. One suggestion made by the Church Episcopate has been to establish so-called humanitarian corridors for the medical treatment in Poland of a few hundred carefully selected refugees. However, although the government appears to be broadly sympathetic to this idea, it has also expressed concerns about the practicalities, specifically whether effective security controls can be implemented to vet these refugees, and has argued that it is easier to open hospitals on-site in refugee camps where more people could be treated.

Polands Law and Justice government has, therefore, taken an increasingly hard line against the EUs migrant re-distribution programme and appears ready for a lengthy legal battle with the Commission over the issue. The ruling party considers the migration crisis to be of huge political and symbolic importance going well beyond the numbers involved and raising vital concerns about national sovereignty, identity and security. Knowing that the vast majority of Poles are strongly opposed to the EU scheme, and that the liberal-centrist opposition is uncertain how to respond, Law and Justice will continue to use the issue to mobilise public support and thereby, it hopes, smooth the ruling partys path to re-election in 2019.

First published on LSEEuropp blog

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How Is The European Migration Crisis Affecting Polish Politics? - Social Europe

Migrant Crisis – EU cracks after Italy threatens to hand out 200,000 … – Express.co.uk

Mario Giro claimed that the Italians were having to negotiate hard with the bloc in order to help them resolve the current migration problem.

Some European countries, such as Poland and Hungary are facing losing funding from the European Union as they have taken a hardline stance against taking in their migrant quota.

Speaking on Al Jazeera, Mr Giro insisted that the country would not start handing out visas to migrants after a threat was being discussed.

He said: We are not preparing to deliver unilaterally visa.

GETTYYOUTUBE

The only thing that we are asking Europe is to let relocation function.

This is very important symbolically and politically.

The deputy foreign minister insisted that the Italians were having to fight hard tonegotiatea resolution with the Brussels bloc.

He continued: We are continuing topush because in Europe you know, particularly multilaterally, in general, the only thing that counts ishardnegotiation.

We are hardly negotiating on this issue with Europeans particularly.

The only thing that we are asking Europe is to let relocation function

Mario Giro

We are also doing a good job in the south with Libyans on one side and Africans on the other side.

Migration is a global affair to be globally resolved.

Mr Giro also voiced his concerns that the migration issue could play a massive role in recent elections in Germany and Italy.

This is a very political and controversial issue, he added.

The question of welcoming refugees coming from Africa and also from Asia it is a controversial question.

We think that we need a European Common Policy on one side and in the countries not to let the populistto havepolitical space, we also need a partisan policy.

In a bid to deal with the crisis, Italy threatened to invoke wartime legislation to hand out 200,000 temporary EU visas to asylum seekers which would allow the migrants to legally travel north using a Brussels directive.

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The Italian Government believes that they can exploit European Council Directive 2001/55, which was put in place after the Balkans conflict to give temporary European entry permits to a large number of displaced people.

Mr Giro and Luigi Manconi, a senator with the ruling Democratic Party, confirmed to The Times that the visa idea was being discussed.

Official figures show that at least 86,000 migrants have arrived in Italy this year alone.

Mr Giro told Il Manifesto: We are in a tug of war.

We dont accept being turned into a European hotspot, or feeling guilty because we rescue people, so deciding what to do with the migrants who arrive is everyones responsibility.

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Migrant Crisis - EU cracks after Italy threatens to hand out 200,000 ... - Express.co.uk

The author who put a human face on the migrant crisis in the Med – Irish Examiner

The L Samuel Beckett dropped anchor in Bantry Bay yesterday to play an integral part in the West Cork Literary Festival.

This particular festival highlight took place onboard and featured BBC radio journalist Emma Jane Kirby. She was interviewed by Sue Leonard about her recent book The Optician of Lampedusa, which she wrote after reporting from the migrant crisis in the Mediterranean.

The naval ship was an inspired venue, not only for its literary name but for the shared journey of the vessel and its crew, who served in the Mediterranean on humanitarian work rescuing migrants from the ocean.

The ships 2016 deployment was featured in the recent RT documentary The Crossing.

Audience members sat on the top deck, basked in sunshine, and listened to Ms Kirby recount the harrowing experiences she encountered. A voice recording of the real-life optician Carmine Menna, a 60-year-old Italian who threw himself into the humanitarian disaster in the Med, set the tone of the afternoon.

Lt Cmdr Darragh Kirwan with author Emma Jane Kirby on board the L Samuel Beckett in Bantry Harbour

At the height of public concern about the migrant crisis, Ms Kirby realised migrant fatigue had set in on what she describes as one of the greatest human tragedies of our time, as well as one of the biggest news stories of our age.

This compelled Ms Kirby to seek stories that would cut through this fatigue. An investigation of people who were involved in the crises led her to meet Mr Menna, an everyman we could all identify with, someone who lived his daily life on the island of Lampedusa, 300km north of Tripoli in Libya, without getting involved in what was unfolding on the shores.

Until, that is, he took a life-changing boat trip while on holiday with his wife and six others.

Author Emma Jane Kirby with host Sue Leonard and their audience on board the L Samuel Beckett in Bantry Harbour for a reading of The Optician of Lampedusa.

One morning they awoke to a sea of drowning migrants whose vessel had gone down. In the moment he first grasped the hand of a drowning migrant, the situation became humanised for him. Mr Menna and his friends pulled 47 migrants from the sea that day.

Mr Menna had not wanted to share his story, refusing to be cast as a hero, and warning Ms Kirby it would haunt her. However, she convinced him of the value of sharing his experience, which she fictionalised in the book. Her report The Optician of Lampedusa, on which this book is based, went on to win the Bayeux-Calvados Award for War Correspondents.

Ms Kirby lightened the sombre mood by speaking about other missions and mishaps. A trip to the China Sea in high weather resulted in two rafts containing the entire belongings of the press crew flipping in the wind as they descended the ladder a near miss that saw them dressed in Australian Navy boiler suits for several days.

Maria ODonovan, Kinsale, and Bernard OSullivan, Turners Cross, Cork, on board the L Samuel Beckett in Bantry Harbour for a reading of The Optician of Lampedusa by Emma Jane Kirby.

Lt Donnacha Cahalane and Lt Cathal Quigley were among the crew onboard the L Samuel Beckett and who served on Operation Pontus.

Lt Quigley said: Its great to see it from a different perspective. Some of the readings today would provoke memories. The book is very good, we are delighted to have the author onboard.

The West Cork Literary Festival continues until 23 July. westcorkliteraryfestival.ie

Irish Examiner Ltd. All rights reserved

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The author who put a human face on the migrant crisis in the Med - Irish Examiner

Unable To Confront The Migrant Crisis, Europe Is Committing Suicide – The Federalist

On Sunday, German Chancellor Angela Merkel said she would not limit the number of refugees coming into the country. On the issue of an upper limit, my position is clear, Merkel said. I wont accept one.

Setting aside the electoral implications of Merkels statement, which defied her partys long-term coalition partner just two months before federal elections, it perfectly captured the refusal of European leaders to face the migrant crisis head-ona refusal that in turn epitomizes the slow suicide of European civilization.

President Trumps Warsaw speech earlier this month provoked predictable cries of racism and xenophobia from a mainstream media worried that even the term western civilization was a dog whistle for alt-right nationalists.Implicit in such criticism is the dubious notion that western values are not really western, that people of all cultures and religions desire more or less the same thing.

His critics say Trump was playing on white Europeans fears that Muslim migrants wont adopt western values and wont assimilate into European society, and therefore pose a direct threat to western civilization. But theres another group that Trump no doubt had in mind, a group that also rejects western civilization and has little interest in defending or preserving it: European elites.

Without splitting hairs over what we mean by western civilization, lets stipulate that, at minimum, it encompasses things like freedom of speech and religion, equal rights for both sexes, and democratic rule of law. One could argue that these are elements of western civilization most people in Muslim-majority countries dont share with the denizens of Europe. But lets set that aside and ask an equally pressing question: do European political leaders believe in them? Do their policies reflect a desire to defend and preserve these principles?

Increasingly, the answer is no. Take womens rights, for example. In Europe as in America, the equality of the sexes has for decades been held as an immutable fact. But Europe is even more militant about its feminism than America. For Europeans, the very idea of a housewife is backwards and oppressive; mothers are expected to work and send their children to state-subsidized child care, not opt out of the workforce to raise a family. This is the official policy of the EU, which has entire commissions dedicated to ensuring more women enter the workforce.

For Muslim immigrants to Europe, who come from societies in which women are generally subordinate to men, this comes as a shock. Yet for a long time Europe insisted that newcomers adopt western attitudes regarding womens rights and sexual freedom. As Christopher Caldwell has noted, this was the only non-negotiable demand Europe made of its immigrants. The European ruling class might have been willing to look the other way on free speech and denounce as fascist anyone who worries about Islam and terrorism, but on feminism there was no room for negotiation: It is the litmus test according to which assimilationand even membership in the national communityis judged. It is the one area where Europeans retain both a deep suspicion of Muslim ways and a confidence in their own institutions that is free of self-doubt.

At least, thats how it used to be. Caldwell wrote those lines in 2009, long before the migrant crisis coincided with a spike in sexual assaults perpetrated mostly by Muslim men. The mass sexual assault in Cologne and other German cities on New Years Eve last year made headlinesnot just because of the brazen nature of the attacks but also because German authorities tried to suppress information about them. It was only after rumors and eyewitness accounts began cropping up on social media that authorities acknowledged what had happened.

The most infamous case of this kind is perhaps the Rotherham child sex exploitation ring, which first came to light in 2010. An independent inquiry found in 2014 that British men of Pakistani origin had groomed at least 1,400 underage girls for sexual exploitation over the previous 16 years. The girls, some as young as 12, were variously abducted, raped, tortured, and forced into prostitution. Even more shocking than the details of the sex ring is why it persisted for so long: police and city officials knew what was happening but didnt take action for fear of being accused of racism.

You would think this would be enough for the government to take action and protect the women and girls being preyed upon by these men, but youd be wrong. Two years after the inquiry, an investigation by the Daily Express found that nothing had changed; the exploitation was still happening on an industrial scale.

The Rotherham case predated the migrant crisis, but there are signs that the ongoing influx of Middle Easterners and North Africansmore migrants have already arrived in Europe this year than in all of 2016is making the problem much worse.

Last week, Cheryl Benard, who spent years working with refugees all over the world, wrote about the growing incidence of sexual assault committed by refugees against local women. The vast majority of such assaults are reportedly being committed by young Afghan men, sometimes in broad daylight. In some cases, passersby have intervened to prevent women from being raped by multiple assailants. As in the Rotherham and Cologne cases, the fact of the assaults was disturbing, but equally disturbing was the reaction of the media and government officials. Writes Benard:

It took a while for the pattern to be recognized because, until recently, western European media deliberately refrained from identifying an assailants refugee or asylum status, or his country of origin. Only when the correlation became so dramatic that it was itself newsworthy did this policy change. At that point, it became clear that the authorities had known about, and for political reasons had deliberately covered up, large-scale incidences of sexual assault by migrants.

The inability or unwillingness of Muslim migrant men to conform to the sexual mores of Europe is of course just one of the problems the migrant crisis has brought to the continent. But the knee-jerk reaction of European elites to either ignore or deny these sorts of problems speaks volumes about their commitment to western civilization.

In his new book, The Strange Death of Europe, British journalist Douglas Murray documents his travels across Europe reporting on the migrant crisis, and concludes that Europe is so morally exhausted that it rejects its own right to exist. Europe today has little desire to reproduce itself, fight for itself or even take its own side in an argument, writes Murray. Those in power seem persuaded that it would not matter if the people and culture of Europe were lost to the world.

According to Murray, the migrant crisis perfectly encapsulates this exhaustion. In some ways, its a case of competing virtues: the desire to be virtuous to the rest of the world is competing against justice for the people of Europe. Increasingly, virtue is winning out over justice because a misguided commitment to hollow notions of respect, tolerance, and diversity has supplanted the deep roots of European civilization. The problem, argues Murray, is that European values have become so wide as to become meaninglessly shallow.

As the crisis deepens, its become obvious that Europes leaders are now so ambivalent about the survival of their own civilization theyre unable to speak of the bad things that have come, and will keep coming, with mass migration.

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Unable To Confront The Migrant Crisis, Europe Is Committing Suicide - The Federalist