Local residents react as they listen        to Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vt. speak during a town hall        meeting, Tuesday, Dec. 16, 2014, in Ames, Iowa. Sanders, as        both a liberal and independent, is in two groups that        showed low death rates in a new study. If his supporters        share those traits -- and some yet-to-be-determined healthy        traits that accompany those political leanings -- they        might live longer, too.(Photo:        Charlie Neibergall, AP)      
    Liberals live longer than conservatives in the United States, a    new study suggests.  
    The results come as a surprise because previous research has    consistently found that conservatives in other countries and    Republicans in the United States report being happier and    healthier  traits usually linked to longer lives. Also,    communities with high conservative or Republican election    turnouts tend to have lower death rates.  
    But previous U.S. studies did not separate political ideology    from party affiliation or look at whether conservatives    actually died at a slower clip than liberals of similar    education and income, says Roman    Pabayo, a community health researcher at the University of    Nevada, Reno.  
    The     new study, published in the Journal of Epidemiology    & Community Health, does all that and gives the edge to    liberals.  
    "We were surprised," says Pabayo, who led the study as a fellow    at the Harvard School of Public Health. But, he says, the    results are believable because they depend on individual death    records  a "more valid measure" than the self-reports on    health and the community death rates used in previous studies.  
    The new study included more than 32,000 adults who identified    themselves as Democrats, Republicans, independents or other,    and as liberal, moderate or conservative.  
    Researchers were able to track which of them died, and how    quickly, over an average period of 15 years.  
    Results: Self-proclaimed conservatives and moderates were 6%    more likely to die during follow-up than self-proclaimed    liberals with otherwise similar traits, including age, sex and    socioeconomic status. When sorted by party, Republicans and    Democrats had similar death rates; independents had lower death    rates.  
    The study included what people said about their health and    happiness, but those factors did not seem to explain the    differences, Pabayo says. Republicans claimed to be healthier    and happier, just as they did in previous studies;    conservatives claimed to be happier, but not healthier.  
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Surprising study: Liberals might outlive conservatives