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Theliberation of Mosul and the wider Ninevah province from the Islamic State group (ISIS) and its brutal Salafist jihadi doctrine is the subject of many Iraqi conversations. To capitalize on the lessons learned from the bloody three-year battle, Iraqis must take stock of thepolitical process.

Liberation is not a solution in itself and fundamental questions need to be asked: Do Iraqis want a united or divided country (in everything but name)? What is better, a federal system or a confederation? Should there be a state dominated by the center or decentralized provinces with new and broad powers?

Was ISIS occupation of large swaths of Iraqi territory a sufficient warningof the fragility of the country's political system, governance and social cohesion? Or do Iraqis (God forbid) need another horrific wake up call that will lead to the end of Iraq as we know it? Can one say with confidence that Iraqi parties have failed to learn from the lessons of the crisis? Different factions have used the state to service their own narrow interests, taking advantage of the chaos when Iraq faced its greatest existential crisis.

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What are the doses of antibiotics required in the Iraqi body so that terrorism departs for good? This is an urgent question that all Iraqis need to answer. We shouldnt forget that when the liberation of Mosul is complete, the eyes of the international coalition will turn west towards Syria. Iraq is not immune from what is taking place next door. The government, NGOs and the international community must create a new environment in the liberated areas for social justice and work on a new formula for coexistence.

Despite all these challenges, Iraqis have shown the rest of the world that they have the strength of character to develop the countrys social and political fabric. Once Iraq has addressed the grand questions of rule of law, governance, revenue distribution and identity,the focus must then shift to defining a new political culture in Iraq and creating a roadmap for a confederation with the Kurdistan Regional Government, the most viable formula for coexistence with the Kurds.

Read more: The final push for Mosul: 'Matter of time' until ISIS flag falls

Decentralization has to be accelerated, corruption addressed, a population census--long overdue--must be conducted for country-wide planning. Finally, missing legislationmust be voted for, including the long-awaited oil law. It wont be easy, but these are urgent and important moves for the people and future of Iraq.

Governing Iraq after liberation will be the real acid test of Iraqi leadership, especially with the recognition that the state is being weakened from within. The liberation of Mosul must be the start of the nations recovery, otherwise, warlords, camouflaged by different names and fronts, will prevail.

It is important to remember that the presence of ISIS militants in Mosul created a new generation of young supporters, here it is necessary to admit that a new mutation of the group will be no less evil and acts of terrorism will continue, as we saw in the recent bombing attack at the Karada ice cream parlor. The threat has the potential to move inside cities, as well as some areas that remain outside the states authority. Let us not allow the liberation of Mosul be a stop-gap before the next wave of extremism.

Leaders must lead, and not be led.

Lukman Faily was the Iraqi Ambassador to the United States between 2013 and 2016. He also served as Iraqs Ambassador to Japan from 2010 to 2013.

Originally posted here:
The Looming Defeat of ISIS in Mosul Puts Iraq At A Crossroads - Newsweek

Iran has voiced its opposition to a decision by Iraqs autonomous Kurdish region to hold a referendum on independence, saying the vote would lead to "new problems."

"The Kurdistan region is part of the Iraqi republic and unilateral decisions outside the national and legal framework, especially the Iraqi constitution... can only lead to new problems," Iranian foreign ministry spokesman Bahram Ghasemi said on June 10.

Iraqi Kurdish officials said on June 7 that the region would hold a referendum on September 25, a move unlikely to be welcomed by the federal government in Baghdad.

Iran fears separatism among its own Kurds, most of whom live in areas along the border with Iraq.

Iran is home to an estimated eight million Kurds, who like other ethnic minorities in the country, do not enjoy equal rights, such as the right to the use of their languages in schools.

Rebels of the Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI) and the Party of Free Life of Kurdistan (PJAK) launch sporadic attacks into Iran from rear-bases in Iraq, triggering sometimes deadly clashes with Iranian security forces.

Iraqi Kurds' planned referendum has also been criticized by Turkey, which called it a "grave mistake."

Washington also said it was opposed to the vote, saying it would be a distraction from more urgent priorities, including the fight against the extremist group Islamic State.

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Iran Criticizes Independence Vote In Iraq's Kurdistan Region - RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty

Iraq War veteran Pat Ryan becamethe seventh Democrat to announce he would attempt to challenge New York Republican Rep. John Faso in 2018.

Faso won an open seat in New Yorks 19th Congressional District, beating law professor and liberal activist Zephyr Teachout last year.

Ryan is a graduate of the United States Military Academy at West Point and served two tours in Iraq as an Army intelligence officer, according to the Daily Freeman.

In the Army, we put the country first, and its time for Washington to do the same, he told the newspaper.

Though Ryan is from the area, he currently lives in Brooklyn and works for a technology company, but he is searching for a residence in the district.

The district is a swing district presidentially, voting narrowly for President Donald Trump last year, but it broke for Barack Obama in 2012, according to an analysis by liberal website the Daily Kos.

The district is among a number of Trump-won districts that the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee is targeting.

Faso is considered a moderate on climate changebut has faced some criticism for his vote to replace the 2010 health care law.

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Iraq War Vet Will Challenge Faso - Roll Call

UN Libya Experts Panel final report reveals complex obstacles to LPA implementation Libya Herald The 299-page report summary says that the UN Panel's monitoring of the political transition in Libya has focused on the incomplete implementation of the Libyan Political Agreement in the absence of its endorsement by the House of Representatives.

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UN Libya Experts Panel final report reveals complex obstacles to LPA implementation - Libya Herald

The UN panel said its requests for information from the UAE had received no response. (Photo: Internet)

The United Arab Emirates assistance that violates a U.N. arms embargo has significantly boosted air power for forces loyal to Libyan commander Khalifa Haftar, a report by U.N. investigators published on Friday said, according to what Reuters quoted.

Air power has helped Haftars eastern-based Libyan National Army (LNA) gain the upper hand since last year in Libyas conflict between rival groups vying for power, Reuters added.

The panel of experts which reports on violations of U.N. sanctions across Libya said Haftars forces had received aircraft as well as military vehicles from the United Arab Emirates, and had built up an air base at Al Khadim, Reuters indicated.

The annual U.N. report provides rare detail on the level of outside intervention in Libya, where foreign backing for rival armed camps is widely seen as having exacerbated conflict.

Fridays report said there had been a general increase in direct foreign support to armed factions in Libya, breaching a U.N. arms embargo imposed during the countrys 2011 uprising and tightened in 2014. Much of the section on recent transfers of materiel or other assistance was taken up by the development of the LNA air force and reports of UAE assistance, explained Reuters.

The United Arab Emirates have been providing both material support and direct support to the LNA, which have significantly increased the air support available to the LNA, it said, according to Reuters.

The panel said its requests for information from the UAE had received no response.

Reuters also said that the U.N. report included satellite imagery of Al Khadim air base, about 105 km (65 miles) east of Benghazi, between July 2014 and March 2017, showing a gradual build-up of infrastructure and aircraft, including drones most probably operated by the UAE.

The U.N. panel said it received information that attack helicopters were delivered to the LNA in April 2015. One Mi-24p helicopter was traced back to Belarus, which confirmed it had delivered four of the aircraft to the UAE in 2014, Reuters wrote.

It also published a photo of an AT-802i single engine plane which it said was based in eastern Libya. The plane, originally designed for agricultural or firefighting use, was repurposed in the United States for counter-insurgency and sold to the UAE, the report said, according to Reuters.

The panel said it had confirmed a delivery of 93 armored personnel carriers and 549 armored and non-armored vehicles to the LNA in the eastern city of Tobruk in April 2016. The personnel carriers likely included Panther T6 and Tygra models, both made by companies based in the UAE, the report said, and were delivered by ship from Saudi Arabia, Reuters added.

It said it had received information on further large deliveries of Toyota pick-up trucks and armored 44 cars to Tobruk in January and April 2017, on a ship that had passed through Port Said in Egypt, Reuters concluded.

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UAE violates UN arms embargo on Libya by providing air power aids for Haftar's forces in east Libya - Libyan Express