Archive for June, 2017

Transgender veteran of Afghanistan war fights for identity – CTV News

Mike Blanchfield, The Canadian Press Published Friday, June 16, 2017 2:35PM EDT Last Updated Friday, June 16, 2017 3:56PM EDT

At 5-foot-5 and 140 pounds, the soldier was "petit gars" -- little boy -- to 41 male Canadian Forces comrades. To their Afghan army allies, the armed woman in full combat gear was an object of unwanted flirtation.

Looking back, Cpl. Vincent Lamarre now realizes his Canadian comrades were closer to the truth of what he felt he was at the time, and has since become -- a man.

And he's amused by how amorously he was regarded by the Afghan National Army.

"They were very surprised to see a woman do a man's job," Lamarre explains in an interview. "I found it funny at the beginning, but sometimes I had to make them understand I am not an object."

Lamarre was a woman when he was deployed to southern Afghanistan's blood-soaked Panjwaii region in 2010. Every other day, he drove a truck supplying gasoline, ammunition and food down a hazardous highway, through enemy terrain.

Toiling within the heart of the Taliban insurgency offered Lamarre a brief respite from the emotional war that had been raging inside him since he was three years old. Here, he needed only one label: soldier.

Six years later, Lamarre is nearing the end of another long, hard road: he's changed his gender to become a man in uniform. He is prevailing with the full support of an institution that's also grappling to accommodate transgender military personnel.

The Forces have been waiting for what happened Thursday when the Senate passed Bill C-16, which makes it a crime to discriminate on the grounds of gender identity and expression. Now, military policy planners hope to update their own transgender policy for commanders and rank-and-file personnel to ensure that soldiers such as Lamarre are more readily absorbed into their ranks.

"We went from Forces that weren't tolerant at all about things like 'other-than-heterosexual' to a Forces that is tolerant," said Lt.-Col. Pierre Sasseville, a 32-year veteran who is the director of the human rights and diversity branch.

"If you don't accept it, the message is clear: get out of the Forces, or we're going to make sure that you're going to get out."

Lamarre, 31, was raised in St. Jean, Que., near Montreal, with an older brother and sister. His father died when he was two. A year later, when his older brother was getting circumcised, he asked his mother when he would get a penis, so he could do the same thing one day.

As a teen, he would refer to himself using the masculine French pronoun and people would always correct his grammar. Back then, his mom would ask him about transitioning, and is answer was always a "big no."

When he announced his decision a decade later, she was not surprised.

In 2008, Lamarre joined the Canadian Forces because he wanted to make a bigger contribution to his country. In addition to his time Afghanistan, he's served in the Far North and took part in recent military efforts to beat back floodwaters in Quebec.

Coming home from Afghanistan was hard. He was engulfed by post-deployment stress on top of the ongoing gender struggle.

Life was good, on the surface. He found his first girlfriend, a woman he thought was the love of his life. He played on the men's hockey team as a woman. But he had the nagging feeling something was wrong.

The turning point came on a holiday to Cayo Coco, Cuba. He went scuba diving, and dove deep into the clear Caribbean waters. But no air reached his lungs.

A huge wave engulfed him as he crashed upwards, gasping. "I was so afraid to die that I realized after I came back to the beach that I want to live my life and feel good. So I have to do something right now."

Back in Valcartier in early 2015, Lamarre began researching a change of gender on the Internet. He also found a Quebec City support group and went to a meeting.

The gathering that night marked the first time he was called by his newly chosen first name: Vincent.

He went home, and waited up into the early morning hours for his girlfriend to come home at the end of her work shift.

"I tell her I want to transition, I am not feeling good, I am depressed," he recalled. "She reacted aggressively, and now she is my ex-girlfriend because of that."

And so began the process. Psychological therapy. Then, on to hormones and a mastectomy, including follow-up surgery earlier this month.

He told his family, he told his military commander. That too, was a process, but it went well.

He used his sister as a bridge to his mother. She told him not to worry, and of course his mom accepted his decision. His brother wanted him to be the "godmother" to his first child. They worked out the details, and Lamarre's spiritual stewardship was put in place.

He got some good advice from his old master corporal from Afghanistan. When he told his commanding officer, he was pleasantly surprised: Vincent wasn't his first transgender soldier.

Sasseville said no one knows for sure how many transgender personnel are in the Forces, but an estimate of 200 would not be far off.

Moving forward, the Forces policy will balance two competing interests: educating the troops while ensuring cohesion in the ranks.

"Not all of the soldiers we enrol have PhDs and have seen the world," said Sasseville. "So when we talk about cohesion, let's talk about educating our soldiers, reassuring them there's nothing wrong there life goes on."

For Lamarre, that means more plastic surgery. He expects it will take years, not months, to fully recover. He's also found a new girlfriend, who accepts him for who he is. And he's planning on a long career in the military.

When he looks back on Afghanistan, he realizes how he always had the power to seize control of his life.

"I would have liked to go back there because of the change we were bringing," he says.

"But it's out of my hands."

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Transgender veteran of Afghanistan war fights for identity - CTV News

Understanding The New Iran Sanctions – Forbes


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Understanding The New Iran Sanctions
Forbes
Acting as a major wake up call for Iran, the US Senate on Thursday sent a strong message to the mullahs through a bill fit to place new sanctions targeting Tehran's ballistic missile program, its support for regional and global terrorism and human ...
US Senate's Iran Sanctions Are Breach of Nuclear Deal: Senior Iranian OfficialU.S. News & World Report
Senate votes to punish Russia and Iran over election interference, aggressionUSA TODAY
Senate passes sweeping sanctions bill targeting Iran, RussiaCNBC
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all 527 news articles »

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Understanding The New Iran Sanctions - Forbes

Iran should stop interfering in Iraq, Iraqi VP Allawi says – Reuters

CAIRO Iran's support to Shi'ite groups in Iraq is obstructing efforts to bridge the sectarian divide ahead of a parliamentary election next year, Iraqi Vice President Iyad Allawi said on Friday.

Iraqi leaders hope to restore control over all Iraqi territory, defeating Islamic State, before an election due by the middle of next year.

"Iran has been interfering even in the decision (making process) of the Iraqi people," he told Reuters. "We don't want an election based on sectarianism, we want an inclusive political process ... we hope that the Iraqis would choose themselves without any involvement by any foreign power."

Allawi, a secular Shi'ite politician who has supporters among some Sunnis, was in Cairo to meet Egyptian leaders including President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi for discussions about oil and the conflicts in Syria, Yemen and Libya.

Iraq lies on the faultline between Shi'ite Iran and the mostly Sunni Arab world. Deep-running animosity and distrust between the two sides is fueled by sectarian divides.

Tensions grew further after Iran, by leveraging its ties with Iraq's Shi'ite majority, has emerged as the main powerbroker in Iraq after the United States withdrew its troops in 2011, eight years after it toppled Saddam Hussein, a Sunni.

Tehran denies interfering in Iraqi politics, saying the military assistance it provides to Shi'ite paramilitary groups is meant to help defeat Islamic State, the Sunni insurgents who declared a "caliphate" over parts of Iraq and Syria in 2014.

U.S.-backed Iraqi forces have dislodged Islamic State from Iraqi cities the militants captured, and are about to fully capture Mosul, which used to be their de facto capital in the country. The group however remains in control of swathes of territory by the Syrian border and inside Syria.

Both of Iraq's current and previous prime ministers, Haider al-Abadi and Nuri al-Maliki, belong to the Dawa party, a Shi'ite group with close ties to Iran.

But Abadi has managed relations with the Sunnis better than Maliki, and also improved Baghdad's ties with Saudi Arabia, Iran's regional foe.

"This is the right time to have a fair election that nobody interferes in, neither Iran nor anybody else, nor Turkey, nor Syria nor the U.S.," said Allawi.

Allawi has previously accused Tehran of blocking his bid to become prime minister in the 2010 elections, even though his group won the largest number of seats, albeit with a narrow margin.

(This version of the story was refiled to fix typos throughout after formatting glitch, makes clear was speaking to Reuters)

(Reporting by Amina Ismail; Writing by Maher Chmaytelli; Editing by Alison Williams)

BRUSSELS EU officials see the start of Brexit talks on Monday as a sign Theresa May is accepting their format for negotiations but they expect no quick deals and are wary the prime minister may try to break with Brussels protocol.

LONDON Saudi Arabia's foreign minister said on Friday that a list of grievances involving Qatar was being drawn up and would be presented soon.

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Iran should stop interfering in Iraq, Iraqi VP Allawi says - Reuters

CJCS Dunford Talks Turkey, Iran, Afghan Troop Numbers & Daesh – Breaking Defense

Breaking Defense contributor James Kitfield spokewithGen. Joe Dunford, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, during Dunfords swing throughJapan, Singapore, Australia, Wake Island, and Hawaii. BD readers know that Defense Secretary Jim Mattis promised Sen. John McCain yesterday that America would get a new Afghan strategy by mid-July. In this second part of Kitfields interview, Dunford talks Turkey, Kurds, Daesh (ISIS) and whether the US will boost the number of troops stationed in Afghanistan. Read on! The Editor.

BD: Just while you were meeting with your Asian counterparts in Singapore and Sydney, Australia, there were terrorist attacks claimed by the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) in London, Melbourne, and Kabul. What are we and our allies doing to try and contain the threat from ISIS foreign fighters returning to their home regions and launching attacks?

Dunford: One of the issues we talked about with our allies is that there are three pieces of connective tissue that unites these terrorist groups: the flow of foreign fighters, the flow of resources, and a common ideology. And we need to cut that connective tissue. A primary way we are doing that is through a broad intelligence and information sharing network that we have established with the members of the anti-ISIS coalition, who all share a common view of this threat of ISIS foreign fighters.

A critical part of that effort is Operation Gallant Phoenix, an intelligence sharing arrangement that started out with eight or so countries, and has since expanded to 19nations who have committed to sharing this intelligence. Were in the process of trying to expand that initiative to even more countries. Gallant Phoenix allows allied nations not only to share intelligence on the foreign fighter threat, but also to get that information back to their law enforcement and homeland security agencies so they have visibility on the movement of foreign fighters in order to deal with this challenge.

BD: Is the United States annihilation battle plan in Iraq and Syria that youve spoken of also designed to contain the foreign fighter threat?

Dunford: Yes. When Secretary Mattis looked at our anti-ISIS campaign, he concluded that in some instances we were essentially just pushing the enemy from one location to another. He asked me and the military chain-of-command to make a conscious effort not to allow ISIS fighters to just flee from one location to another, but rather to deliberately seek to annihilate the enemy. That was the commanders intent, and our commanders on the ground have tried to meet that goal of annihilating the enemy in order to mitigate the risk of these terrorists showing up someplace else.

BD: Has that worked in the battles to retake Mosul and Raqqa, the twin capitals of ISIS self-proclaimed caliphate in Iraq and Syria?

Dunford: Were certainly emphasizing it to a greater degree, and having some success. But I would never claim that means that all enemy fighters are being killed. One tactic they have adopted is to mix in with the civilian population, and that makes targeting them very difficult. We cant just indiscriminately bomb people who are leaving these cities. Even with this annihilation battle plan, we have to be very careful about civilian casualties.

BD: How do you see ISF and coalition operations unfolding after Mosul is recaptured?

Dunford: Well, we will obviously take our cue from [Iraqi Prime Minister Haider] Abadi, who will decide on the sequence of operations after Mosul is recaptured. But there are some major areas where ISIS is still present that are under consideration. Iraqi Security Forces will still need to clear ISIS out of territory west of Mosul to the Syrian border, for instance, and there are also pockets of ISIS fighters southeast in Kirkuk Province and in the middle Euphrates River Valley. Of course its going to take the Iraqis some time to regenerate their forces after the battle for Mosul, so our plan is to continue keeping pressure on those ISIS forces until the main ISF forces are ready again.

BD: How have you handled Turkeys objections to the U.S. decision to arm the SDF, which include Kurdish forces that Ankara views as terrorists?

Dunford: I will tell you that the coalition is also enthusiastic about the growth of the SDF. [U.S. special envoy Brett] McGurk has led the effort to empower an Arab component of the SDF that will provide security and governance in Raqqa after the operation to recapture the city is finished, which answers some of Turkeys concerns.

Weve made other assurances to Turkey, including making sure the arming and equipping of the SDF is done in a way that is narrowly focused on its ability to recapture Raqqa. Were also helped the Turkish military rebuild after the challenges theyve faced in recent months, and were sharing intelligence with Ankara about the [Iraqi Kurdish terrorist group] PKK. Secretary Tillerson is also working very closely with his Turkish counterpart to make sure that the Geneva Process is front and center in our negotiations about Syrias future, which also addresses Turkish issues. So we have done everything we could to address Turkish concerns, and I personally have made on the order of nine visits to Turkey to speak with my counterpart there. I think the Turks appreciate that.

BD: What is the status of the Astana Plan that Turkey signed last month with Russia and Iran, which calls for the creation of four de-escalation zones in Syria?

Dunford: Well, the United States was an observer at those talks, but we decided not to formally participate in a process which includes Iran as a guarantor. Secretary Tillerson has said publicly that we welcome any agreement that results in a cessation of hostilities, but we believe the Geneva Process and not Astana is the right vehicle for reaching a political solution in Syria. And while there was some indication of reduced violence in some areas after the Astana Plan was signed, we also saw the Syrian regime conduct major offensive operations in one of the de-escalation zones just in recent days. So its fair to say that negotiations for a ceasefire remain a work in progress.

BD: Speaking of Iran, have you seen any letup in its destabilizing activities in the region?

Dunford: No, I havent seen any change in Irans behavior. The Republican Guards Quds Force continues to exert a malign influence in Iraq and Syria through proxy forces and militias, and in Lebanon through Lebanese Hezbollah. Irans support for [Shiite rebels] in Yemen has also been unhelpful, and Tehran continues to pose a threat to close allies like Israel and Jordan. So mitigating the malign influence of Iran remains a major U.S. objective in the region.

In talking about Iran its also important to zero in on one of the most important issues for the United States, and thats freedom of navigation in the Straits of Hormuz and the Bab-el-Mandeb. By harassing U.S. and international maritime activities in the Persian Gulf and supplying advanced anti-ship cruise missiles to Houthi rebels in Yemen on the Red Sea coast, Iran is posing a threat to two waterways that are absolutely crucial to global commerce. Since the 1970s and [President Jimmy Carters Carter Doctrine], the United States has been committed to keeping those vital waterways open.

Jim Mattis testifies before SASC

BD: Will you recommend a troop increase for Afghanistan to President Trump, and why is Afghanistan still important after U.S. forces have spent more than 15years fighting there?

Dunford: Because there are still roughly 17 extremists groups operating in and around Afghanistan. From personal experience, and from reading the intelligence and talking to my commanders on the ground, I have absolutely no doubt that, if given the space to reconstitute and grow stronger, those organizations will follow through on their intent to attack the United States and the West. They are already doing it inside Afghanistan. So we continue to need an effective counterterrorism platform and posture in that region, and the Afghan government has proven to be a good counterterrorism partner. The United States, our NATO allies and coalition partners, and the Afghans themselves are fighting together against a common enemy.

As for troop numbers, were analyzing what is necessary to enable the Afghan Security Forces to take the fight to the enemy. One of my greatest concerns is the number of casualties that they experienced in 2015 and 2016. They need additional medical personnel and medevac capability. They also need additional airpower, because that is the greatest asymmetric advantage they have over the Taliban. We need to help the Afghan Security Forces be able to deliver aviation at the right time and place. They also need more trainers and educators and help with maintenance. So those are the areas we are looking at to possibly prop up our support, based on the lessons of 2015 and 2016.

BD: It sounds like you are going to support General Nicholsons request for more forces (in Afghanistan)?

Dunford: I havent taken a public position yet because I havent had a chance to talk with the president on the issue. So Ill make my recommendation to him first. But its fair to say that based on what weve learned in the past two years, I believe we need to make some adjustments to our force posture.

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CJCS Dunford Talks Turkey, Iran, Afghan Troop Numbers & Daesh - Breaking Defense

Boeing’s Iran deal: Jobs claim is murky at best – The Hill (blog)

In April, Boeing justified its recent deal to sell more than a hundred variants of its 737 and 777 planes to Iran Air by asserting that the agreement creates or sustains approximately 18,000 jobs in the United States.

Since the implementation of the Iran nuclear agreement in January 2016, government-owned Iran Air has flown at least 134 flights from Tehran to Damascus, even while this route does not appear in Iran Airs formal booking system. The Foundation for Defense of Democracies' researchshows that these flights are unlikely to be civilian flights, but rather airlifts of weapons and military personnel that enable Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to continue waging war against his own population.

Boeing produces the 737 and 777 variants at its Renton and Everett facilities, respectively, in the state of Washington. Orders for the popular 737 have caused a backlog of an estimated 4,430 aircraft, meaning that customers have to wait several years for the planes they order.

Production at the Renton facility increased in 2013 from 35 to 38 planes per month. Last year, production at the facility stood at42 planes per month, with a goal of 47 planes per month in 2017. Boeing has even announced a goal of 57 planes per month at the facility by 2019. Rather than witnessing an increase in the number of jobs in these facilities, from 2013 to 2017, Boeing data shows that it in fact cut 15,000 jobs in Washington since 2013 (from 86,000 to 71,000), increasingly relying on automated production lines.

Did those jobs go to other states or shift to different Boeing facilities? Boeings annual reports indicate that the answer is no. From January 2013 to January 2017, Boeing cut 25,643 jobs even while orders have continued to come in. Yet, during this period, Boeings annual revenue increased from $81.7 billion in 2012 to an annual revenue of $94.6 billion in 2016.

Reportedly, Boeing will soon announce an additional 1,800 job cuts in Washington. It appears that Boeing is increasing its revenue while reducing what it spends on labor in the U.S. Of note, in the last year, Boeing has inked a deal to create a new plant in China to support the manufacturing of 737 aircraft.

Some of Boeings subcontractors may benefit from the deal in the next decade, but the windfall from a sale of planes to Iran Air will not accrue to U.S. workers.

The more important question Boeing must answer is how much profit it will seek while ignoring Iran Airs malign activities that enable Assads atrocities. By providing Hezbollah and the Assad regime with continued access to advanced weaponry and fresh troops to sustain the war against the Syrian people, Iran Air is instrumental in facilitating war crimes and atrocities against the Syrian civilian population.

Iran Airs ferrying of weapons to Hezbollah is helping to cement the terrorist groups role as a state within a state inside Lebanon.Moreover, it would be helping exacerbate the already dire refugee crisis triggered by the civil war.

Iran Air has also contributed to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) military buildup along Israels border with Syria. Were a new conflict to begin between Israel and Hezbollah, the IRGC could open a new front on the formerly quiet Israel-Syria disengagement line and lead to a direct Israel-Iran military showdown.

Iran Air was originally sanctioned by the U.S. Treasury Department because it provided material support to the IRGC and Irans Ministry of Defense, which in turn was blacklisted for its proliferation activities.When it was designated in 2011, Treasury pointed out that, Commercial Iran Air flights have been used to transport missile or rocket components to Syria.

Even though the Obama administration lifted the designation as part of the Iran nuclear deal, there is no evidence that this activity has ceased. Treasury should revoke Iran Airs license before the first plane is permitted to be transferred.

Boeings claim that the Iran aircraft deal creates or sustains approximately 18,000 jobs in the United States is murky at best. But its shareholders, the Trump administration and the American people should also be asking how many more brutal deaths of Syrian, Lebanese and other civilians a sale to Iran Air would create or sustain.

A deal may increase Boeings annual profits but little would fall into the hands of its employees. Even if it did, what would be the cost to Boeings reputation and to our values as a country?

Toby Dershowitz is senior vice president for government relations and strategy at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD), a think tank focused on national security and foreign policy. Tyler Stapleton is deputy director of congressional relations at FDD.

The views expressed by contributors are their own and not the views of The Hill.

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Boeing's Iran deal: Jobs claim is murky at best - The Hill (blog)