Archive for the ‘Media Control’ Category

1 million COVID-19 vaccines administered in US in 10 days – Business Insider – Business Insider

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced a vaccine milestone on Wednesday as COVID-19 cases, deaths, and hospitalizations continue to rise.

More than 1,008,025 doses of COVID-19 vaccines have now been administered in the US, and the CDC said it has distributed 9,465,725 doses in total. The news comes just 10 days after the start of an accelerated, ambitious vaccination campaign.

"While we celebrate this historic milestone, we also acknowledge the challenging path ahead," CDC director Robert Redfield said in the CDC press release. "There is currently a limited supply of COVID-19 vaccine in the US, but supply will increase in the weeks and months to come."

The CDC added that the number of vaccines distributed includes doses of both the Moderna and the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines, but the tally of doses administered only includes the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine.

Federal panels and states continue to determine who will be next in line to get the vaccine.

After approximately 24 million healthcare workers and nursing home residents are vaccinated, the CDC is recommending that frontline essential workers and people over 75 are next in line. The next priority group would encapsulate about 49 million people, including teachers, first responders, US Postal Service employees, and grocery store workers.

Ultimately, states decide the order, and a recent Kaiser Family Foundation report confirmed that a majority of states are following CDC priority group guidelines, but Nevada, New Hampshire, and Wyoming are among a handful of states prioritizing other groups, like law enforcement.

Politicians in DC, young and old, have also been among the first vaccinated.

By the end of January, Insider projects that 50 million people within the initial priority groups will be vaccinated, and by March, Operation Warp Speed aims to have 100 million Americans vaccinated.

If distribution is uninterrupted, then a quarter of Americans could be vaccinated by the spring.

"By the time we get through December, January, February, March, April, we hopefully will have been able to get to the people who are listed as priority people," Dr. Anthony Fauci told reporters in November. "I would say starting in April, May, June, July, as we get into the late spring and early summer, that people in the so-called general population, who do not have underlying conditions or other designations that would make them priority, could get them."

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1 million COVID-19 vaccines administered in US in 10 days - Business Insider - Business Insider

Battle to rein in Facebook, Twitter and TikTok to heat up in 2021 – CNET

The social landscape could change next year.

Standing behind a podium earlier this month, New York Attorney General Letitia James delivered a blunt message to Facebook.

"No company should have this much unchecked power over our personal information and our social interactions," James said, as she announced a massive lawsuit that alleges the social media giant engaged in illegal anticompetitive behavior to maintain its dominance in social networking. Forty-seven other attorneys general, representing almost the entire country, took part in the Dec. 11 complaint.

The day only got worse for Facebook. The Federal Trade Commission, the country's top antitrust regulator, filed a similar lawsuit against the company.

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The lawsuits mark a major turning point in federal and state efforts to rein in Facebook's expansive power. By snapping up rivals, such as photo service Instagram and messaging service WhatsApp, the company quashes competition, critics say. Even some Facebook insiders, such as co-founder Chris Hughes, want the social network to spin off WhatsApp and Instagram. The FTC and state lawsuits set the stage for such a breakup, though legal experts say that's an unlikely outcome. The social network has argued a breakup won't address important issues such as safeguarding user privacy.

An activist in Europe wearing a mask depicting Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg.

Facebook isn't the only social network lawmakers and regulators are targeting. Ireland's Data Protection Commission fined Twitter this year for allegedly violating a European data privacy law. Last week, the European Union unveiled new proposals meant to encourage competition and require online platforms to police offensive content more aggressively. Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey, along with Facebook CEOMark Zuckerberg, heard criticism from lawmakers who are looking at changing a federal law that shields online platforms from liability for user content. The Trump administration threatened to ban Chinese-owned TikTok over national security concerns.

"The problem is you have a handful of powerful companies that control the economy, control the public discourse and control all of our data," said Gigi Sohn, a fellow at Georgetown Law's Institute for Technology Law & Policy and a former senior adviser to the Federal Communications Commission.

The unfolding legal battles are likely a precursor to tech regulation in 2021. President-elect Joe Biden has raised concerns about misinformation on social networks, telling The New York Times earlier this year that he isn't a big fan of Facebook or Zuckerberg. That might mean new proposals for regulating tech will be presented to Congress, though it's unclear if any new legislation could pass.

In an op-ed in The Washington Post, Facebook global affairs boss Nick Clegg said it's "inevitable" Facebook and other tech companies will face more regulation in the future. But he cautioned US lawmakers against hindering the flow of online data and building digital barriers the way China has.

"The Biden administration could now help secure what is left of the global Internet from the dark cloud of digital protectionism and keep it open, accessible and safe for generations to come," Clegg said in the op-ed.

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Lawmakers have signaled that they're looking more closely at the power big tech companies wield. In July, Zuckerberg testified alongside Google CEO Sundar Pichai, Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos and Apple CEO Tim Cook in a marathon hearing before the House Judiciary antitrust subcommittee.

Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg testified before the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Antitrust, Commercial and Administrative Law in July.

The subcommittee's Democratic leadership released a 449-page report in October accusing Amazon, Apple, Google and Facebook of abusing monopoly power. This dominance, the report concluded, has harmed consumers. "In the absence of competition, Facebook's quality has deteriorated over time, resulting in worse privacy protections for its users and a dramatic rise in misinformation on its platform," the report said.

The report also provided a glimpse into what solutions lawmakers are looking at to encourage more competition.

Breaking up the companies is among the proposals, along with halting major tech mergers, barring tech giants from providing preferential treatment to their own products and requiring companies to make it possible for users to transfer their data to other online platforms. The subcommittee also recommended strengthening antitrust laws and enforcement.

Though Facebook denies that it competes unfairly, the social network has called for more internet regulation around harmful content, election integrity and privacy. The company also supports the idea of making it easier to move your data to other services.

Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey testified before the Senate Judiciary Committee in November.

Democrats and Republicans have suggested changes to a federal law called Section 230that shields online platforms from liability for content posted by their users. Even Twitter and Facebook agreed the 1996 law needs an update.

"Section 230 made it possible for every major internet service to be built and ensured important values like free expression and openness were part of how platforms operate. Changing it is a significant decision," Zuckerberg told lawmakers in October during a hearing. "However, I believe Congress should update the law to make sure it's working as intended."

In another hearing, in November, Dorsey told lawmakers Congress should consider "additions to Section 230, industrywide self-regulation best practices, or a new legislative framework." Twitter didn't have any additional comment.

Democrats and Republicans have different motivations for changing Section 230. Democrats say social networks aren't doing enough to combat misinformation on social networks while Republicans say their views are being censored. (The companies deny those allegations.) Some politicians, including Biden, say the entire law should be revoked.

Proposed changes to Section 230 include allowing Americans to sue tech companies for censoring political speech and removing legal protections if a company's algorithm amplifies posts involving terrorism. Mark Lemley, a professor at Stanford Law School who directs a law, science and technology program at the university, is skeptical Democrats and Republicans will agree on changes to the law, because their goals are different.

"In a divided government it's not likely they will come to terms on a replacement bill despite their surface agreement," Lemley said. "While it is possible that they will just repeal immunity and do nothing else, I think that is unlikely."

Social networks are under more pressure to safeguard user privacy.

Doing a better job of protecting user privacy and security is another big issue facing social networks. Facebook has been under greater scrutiny since 2018 for failing to protect user privacy after UK political consultancyCambridge Analytica harvested the data of up to 87 million users without their knowledge.

Europe has a law aimed at safeguarding user data and privacy, known as the General Data Protection Regulation, but enforcing the law has been challenging. This month, Twitter was fined 450,000 euros ($547,000) by Ireland's Data Protection Commission for failing to properly notify regulators of a data breach disclosed in 2019.

Though some states have enacted their own privacy laws, the US doesn't have a national privacy law like the GDPR. The conversation around that will likely continue in 2021. Whether lawmakers will come to an agreement is a different challenge.

TikTok has been the target of the Trump administration because it's owned by a Chinese company called ByteDance. In 2021, Trump signed two executive orders, citing concerns that the Chinese government could use the app to spy on Americans. TikTok says it wouldn't hand over US information, which isn't stored in China, to Beijing.

TikTok, which didn't respond to a request for comment, has been working on a deal with Oracle and Walmart to address the US government's concerns, but it's unclear if the deal will be finalized before Biden takes office. Biden has said that he sees TikTok as a "matter of genuine concern," but he hasn't said whether he plans to reverse Trump's executive orders.

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Battle to rein in Facebook, Twitter and TikTok to heat up in 2021 - CNET

China Opens Antitrust Investigation Into Alibaba – The New York Times

The new investigation could be a much bigger deal. Chinas antimonopoly law allows for a maximum fine of 10 percent of a companys sales from the previous year, which in Alibabas case would be billions of dollars.

In its brief statement announcing the inquiry on Thursday, the State Administration for Market Regulation named only one specific form of anticompetitive conduct by Alibaba that it would look into: exclusivity agreements, which in Chinese are described using a phrase that translates as choose one of two.

Large e-commerce sites in China have for years been accused of blocking merchants who sell on their platform from selling on others, particularly during big sales events such as Singles Day. One of Alibabas main rivals, JD.com, has fought the company in court over the practice.

Galanz, a Chinese appliance maker, made headlines last year when it accused Tmall of suppressing its products in the platforms search results after the brand partnered with a rival e-commerce company, Pinduoduo. Tmall denied the accusations, according to news reports at the time.

Cutthroat practices of this sort have long been common on the Chinese internet. Tencent, for instance, will block people using its popular WeChat messaging service from directly opening links to Alibabas Taobao site the equivalent of Facebook blocking links to Amazon within its Messenger app.

On a very, very macro level, maybe its just because these companies are not competing globally, said Rui Ma, an investor and China tech analyst. Because the Chinese internet giants are jostling for advantages mostly within a single market, it seems like more of a zero-sum game, she said.

Political insiders and investors in China have speculated for years that the nations leader, Xi Jinping, might be tempted to move against Mr. Ma, worried that his influence was a growing affront to the Communist Party.

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China Opens Antitrust Investigation Into Alibaba - The New York Times

How buzzy app Clubhouse could grow beyond its exclusive beta – CNET

Clubhouse is a buzzy new social network.

On a Wednesday evening, there's a room filled with a handful of people, talking about their plants. The ones they have, the ones they want and the ones that've passed on to that big flower pot in the sky.

"Someone gave me an aloe plant two weeks ago, and I'm already killing it," one person says.

"Welcome to the world of killing unkillable plants," another responds.

This room isn't happening in defiance of pandemic best practices. After all, plant parents aren't a notoriously rebellious crowd. It's happening on a buzzy new app that launched this year, called Clubhouse.

Discover the latest news and best reviews in smartphones and carriers from CNET's mobile experts.

Clubhouse, which is still in beta and isn't yet available to the public, was founded by Paul Davison and Rohan Seth. It's an audio-based social platform. You can enter rooms (or create a room) and hear or participate in discussions on topics: how to pitch your startup idea, the future of marriage, whether Clubhouse is getting boring. Rooms generally have speakers, the way conference panels do, and moderators. The conversation is in real time, meaning you can hear folks throwing in their opinions about the subject at hand, and you can raise your hand to toss in yours as well.

"Imagine if you were in class with everybody in the world," said Natasha Scruggs, an attorney from Kansas City, Missouri, who's been on the app for a couple of weeks.

Clubhouse is the latest manifestation of our desire to connect to each other at a time when social distancing and remaining isolated at home is the new norm. But while videoconferencing services like Zoom have blown up for everyone, Clubhouse's largest appeal is its exclusivity and ability to draw in notable figures.

That hasn't always been a good thing. Over the summer, Clubhouse garnered headlines for an incident with New York Times reporter Taylor Lorenz, which kicked off a debate over Silicon Valley culture and how the media covers it. It also brought light to the more serious issue of how the platform will handle harassment and questionable content, like conspiracy theories and anti-media sentiment, cropping up in conversations.

The app has also garnered attention for the famous names who've popped in: Jared Leto, Tiffany Haddish and Ava DuVernay, to name a few. And with that has also come the type of juicy internet drama that people can't help rubberneck, like Tom Hanks' son Chet getting lambasted for his inexplicable proclivity for speaking Jamaican patois.

To borrow a line from Hamilton, Clubhouse is getting to be the room where it happens.

Clubhouse isn't the first audio-based app. Even Twitter is playing around with letting users post audio clips in their feeds. Why Clubhouse, though, is experiencing the kind of attention it is could be for a mix of reasons, including the perceived exclusivity.

"I don't think this exclusivity thing was part of the design," said Charlene Li, Altimeter founder and senior fellow.

Part of the point of a beta is to avoid opening your doors to the public while you're still trying to figure out how to make the app work. And yet sometimes making something exclusive will make people want it all the more -- it's the thing they can't have.

Clubhouse user Casie Stewart

It's hard to say just how many people are actually on the app, though you can find individual rooms with upward of 2,000 people. To get an invite, you have to know someone who's already on the app, and who has one to extend to you. That person's face will be on your profile indefinitely as the one who invited you in. Android users are out of luck for now.

In a July post, Davison and Seth said they wanted to grow the Clubhouse community slowly.

"This helps ensure that things don't break, keeps the composition of the community diverse, and allows us to tune the product as it grows," they said, also noting that their team is small.

Clubhouse also hit at a time when congregating in person is outright dangerous. Because many folks are stuck in their houses and apartments, the chance to connect with other people from all over the world, to actually hear voices, is appealing.

"Voice is so real," said Casie Stewart, a Toronto-based social and digital strategist who's been on the app for a little more than a week. "I was laughing with people."

One of the biggest questions surrounding Clubhouse, apart from where you can find an invite, is how it'll grow when it opens up and how people will use it.

For Silicon Valley acolytes, Clubhouse is a chance to brush elbows with the upper echelons of Techland -- like Reddit founder Alexis Ohanian, venture capitalists Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz (who've invested in Clubhouse), and Product Hunt founder Ryan Hoover. The CEOs of Pinterest, Github and Roblox have profiles as well.

It might not always be like that, though. And to be fair, Clubhouse isn't just a place for the Silicon Valley elite to hold court. There are plenty of rooms, about everything from dating and sex to songwriting and the music industry. There are rooms devoted to the representation of Black people in film and TV, and where the heck the Christmas spirit is this year. And yes, plenty for marketing and branding -- panels finally finding a home after a year without the likes of SXSW and other conferences.

Stewart said being on Clubhouse reminds her of the early days of Twitter. Brian Solis, digital anthropologist and global innovation evangelist at Salesforce, who knows Davison and has been on the app since nearly the beginning, echoed this, remembering how people came together to exchange ideas online. He can see parallels with the evolution of events like SXSW, which started off more intimate and more homespun.

Clubhouse still has some kinks to work through. One evening, in a room for new members, people asked about making it easier to find rooms as well as clubs (groups of people interested in a specific subject).

Whether Clubhouse pulls this off on a grand scale could have a major impact on its popularity post-beta.

"You need to start to think about what is that user experience going to look like, so that they're finding conversations that are relevant to them at the right time, and also that they're able to host and bring people into those conversations that would find them relevant," Solis said.

Then there's the question of how to handle harassment, particularly when there's not exactly a post to report or take down. And as many other social media networks are learning, the question of who decides what type of speech is appropriate or inappropriate is squishy.

This summer, Clubhouse saw one of its most notable flaps so far, when The New York Times' Lorenz ended up being the subject of a room where venture capitalists railed against the role of the tech press and Lorenz in particular, Motherboard reported. Vanity Fair has also reported concerns over anti-Semitic and racist content popping up on the site. Stewart, early on, was in a room where a user started graphically describing a sexual fantasy before that user got booted from the room by moderators.

Clubhouse user Natasha Scruggs

Audio also presents the challenge of potentially offensive views disappearing as soon as they've been uttered, making them hard to flag. Clubhouse's community guidelines do mention the ability to report someone in real time, allowing the app to retain a "temporary, encrypted audio recording for the purpose of investigating the incident."

"How do you ensure that the, quote, good conversations happen, versus bad conversations, and who should be the judge of that?" Li said, also noting that she's reassured by the diversity among the user base so far. "That gives me hope that the best way to moderate is for lots of different voices to be there."

A place like Clubhouse will never just be for individual users looking for advice or camaraderie.

Marketers and brand specialists are already thinking about what could come next. Li sees Clubhouse being able to leverage its exclusivity. For example, a brand might host some type of talk inside Clubhouse, promote it on other platforms, and pay Clubhouse to let them offer invites to Clubhouse for those who attend.

"There's an opportunity for brands to kind of have roundtable discussions or do contests, or [host] chat with experts," Stewart said.

Scruggs imagines Clubhouse being a place for live performances, concerts, podcasts and even the home of something akin to the radio serials of the mid-1900s, some of which could be ticketed. And on a more personal level, Scruggs has been wanting to branch out into social responsibility and diversity, focusing on the sports world. Earlier in the month, she hosted a room called "How pro sports teams and athletes can engage in meaningful activism." She sees Clubhouse as a way to learn, network and market herself in that space.

"With Clubhouse, you literally never know who's going to be in a room," she said.

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How buzzy app Clubhouse could grow beyond its exclusive beta - CNET

Leaked Documents Reveal China Hired Army of Trolls and Ordered Media to Control Coronavirus Narrative – International Business Times, Singapore…

China's heavy-handed approach in censoring media inside its border is widely known. This in particular came to light during the early days of the novel Coronavirus pandemic. While the local authorities were struggling in Wuhan to contain the virus outbreak, the Chinese government, through state-run media outlets, tried to showcase that the situation was not bad. And it was largely successful.

When Dr Li Wenliang, an ophthalmologist from Wuhan, first warned about the emergence of a SARS-like pneumonia virus, Chinese authorities painted him as a rumor-monger. He was swiftly detained and forced to apologize for "spreading misinformation". But all hell broke loose when Dr Li died of COVID-19 on February 7. Outraged by the secrecy and silencing of Dr Li, Chinese citizens at home and abroad took to social media platforms to criticize the government.

But according to a trove of leaked documents, instead of apologizing, China's information control went beyond media censorship. China paid trolls to flood social media platforms with party-line chatters and if someone still dared to raise a voice, the individual was silenced by security forces.

The first task was to control the narrative so that Dr Li's death would not fuel a so-called uprising. News outlets were ordered to remove Dr Li's name from trending topic pages and asked not to alert push notifications about the news of his death. Furthermore, the paid trolls were asked to distract anything that remotely connected Dr Li's death or Coronavirus.

"All cyberspace administration bureaus must pay heightened attention to online opinion and resolutely control anything that seriously damages party and government credibility and attacks the political system," one directive said, adding that commentators must conceal their identity. "As commenters fight to guide public opinion, they must conceal their identity, avoid crude patriotism and sarcastic praise, and be sleek and silent in achieving results," it added.

The leaked documents that included over 3,200 directives and 1,800 memos were shared with ProPublica and New York Times by a hacker group called CCP Unmasked. It detailed the extent of control China had on information.

The documents outlined how the Chinese government suppressed information related to the Coronavirus outbreak something the U.S. and its allies have accused Beijing of for months. As per the documents from the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), Hangzhou, the government began controlling information about the new virus in early January when the disease was not even identified definitively.

According to 2015 estimates, over 54 percent of China's population or over 760 million people use the internet. That is more than the double of U.S. population. Hence, controlling internet opinion is not a mean task. China's Great Firewall has been effective in stopping information coming from sources outside the border. However, to control internet chatter inside its borders, China needed something special.

The ProPublica report says that China has specialized software to control internet chatters. Urun, a local software company, provides such a service to the Chinese government. The software can track online trends and manage fake social media accounts to post comments as per the party line. It also allows the users to add likes to the comments through a user-friendly interface. Managers of the software can also assign commentators to perform specific tasks.

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The commentators from Guangzhou supposedly get $25 for each post of about 400 characters while they earn 40 cents for flagging a negative comment. The software also allows managers to keep track of the commentators' posts and how much they should be paid.

The software also has a smartphone app that makes the job easier. Commentators can see the tasks they are assigned and post accordingly from their personal social media accounts. Once done, they can upload the screenshot to mark the task as completed. Then there is a training course for upcoming commentators. Urun has produced an easy-to-learn software for trainees. After completion of training, they are divided into two groups of Red and Blue and compete against each other to produce the most popular posts.

"China has a politically weaponized system of censorship. It is refined, organized, coordinated and supported by the state's resources. It's not just for deleting something. They also have a powerful apparatus to construct a narrative and aim it at any target with a huge scale. No other country has that," Xiao Qiang, a research scientist from UC Berkeley's School of Information told ProPublica.

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As for controlling news outlets, it is easier. Either they fall in line and accept payments from the government or they would be prosecuted. The CAC supplies the news outlets with government narratives that they are supposed to publish. As per the documents, the CAC asks the news outlets not only to control narrative within China but also "influence international opinion".

That's not it. The CAC also offers directives to news outlets on which news story should be displayed on the home page and for how long. Apart from that, media houses were ordered not to use words like "fatal", "incurable" in the headline while reporting about COVID-19. As for reporting on movement and travel restrictions, they were ordered not to use the word "lockdown".

Apart from paid trolls and media, China exerts great control on social media platforms. The tech giants are ordered to censor any negative commentary about China while anything that the government believes to be problematic is censored. Even the personal chat messages are monitored and any link to dissent is swiftly dealt with.

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Leaked Documents Reveal China Hired Army of Trolls and Ordered Media to Control Coronavirus Narrative - International Business Times, Singapore...