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A series of 13 studies with over 10,000 participants tested the change in Americans prejudice following the presidency of Donald Trump. The researchers found that explicit racial and religious prejudice increased amongst Trumps supporters, while prejudice decreased among those who opposed him. This research was published in Nature Human Behavior.

In recent decades, there has been a downward trend in prejudice toward racial and religious minorities. However, some studies suggest that racial and religious prejudice had a critical role in Trumps presidential victory. While some commentators have suggested that numerous trends following the 2016 elections (e.g., increases in reports of hate crimes, minorities reporting more discrimination) point toward a rise in racial and religious prejudice in America, others have argued that these increases may be a consequence of increased national attention to issues of prejudice. Other commentators from both sides of the political spectrum have suggested that even if there has been a rise in discrimination, it only reflects extremist fringe groups, rather than the broader American population.

In this work, Benjamin C. Ruisch and Melissa J. Ferguson examine whether a single counter-normative public figure, and his widespread acceptance by a large portion of the American people, can lead to large-scale changes in social norms and societal prejudices.

The authors tested two key predictions. First, that racial and religious prejudice significantly increased among Trump supporters but not other Americans. Second, that increase in prejudice reflected the increased acceptability of expressing prejudice (i.e., changes in social norms).

Studies 1-9 were multi-year longitudinal studies involving over 1000 participants, examining the the breadth and depth of changes in prejudice across various target groups and measure types. At Time 1, they included at least one measure of prejudice and various questions assessing views on social and political issues. Time 2 measures were nearly identical, and also included a question regarding support for Donald Trump.

The researchers included a wide range of measures on political ideology, political party identification, perceptions of the US economy, perceived threat and political knowledge/sophistication, as well as demographic characteristics such as age, gender, race, education and income. As well, they looked at environmental factors, including income inequality, racial diversity and voter turnout in participants home counties by extracting this information based on participants geographic location.

Study 9 included data from the VOTER survey conducted by the Democracy Fund Voter Study Group and YouGov. Responses on voting history, political attitudes, daily lives, social group memberships, health history and demographics from over 7500 participants who completed this survey in both 2016 and 2019 were included. These studies did not allow for the isolation of Trump support as a causal factor of changes in prejudice. However, they did allow the researchers to track changes before and after his political ascension, while statistically adjusting for over 80 possible predictors.

Using both correlational and experimental methodologies, Studies 10-13 included 1402 participants and were conducted for the purpose of providing support for a causal explanation.

Across Studies 1-9, Ruisch and Ferguson found that support for Donald Trump predicted a significant increase in prejudice towards a range of social, racial and religious minoritized groups. Those who generally opposed Trump, including liberals and conservatives, showed decreases in prejudice in the same time period. Studies 10-13 provided indirect support for the mechanism behind the shift in social norms.

Trump supporters perceived that expressing prejudice had become more acceptable since his election, and this perception predicted greater personal prejudice among them. As well, experimentally leading participants to feel that Trump supporters approved of his controversial rhetoric significantly increased Trump supporters personal expressions of prejudice .

The authors concluded, Together, this research suggests that the presidency of Donald Trump may have substantially reshaped the topography of prejudice in the United States.

The research, Changes in Americans prejudices during the presidency of Donald Trump, was authored by Benjamin C. Ruisch and Melissa J. Ferguson.

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Donald Trump's presidency associated with significant changes in the topography of prejudice in the United States - PsyPost

Donald Trump visits Arizona to promote baseless claims of 2020 election fraud

Trump returned to Arizona for a rally that invigorated his GOP base and stoked his 2020 grievances in Florence on Jan. 15, 2022.

Patrick Breen, Arizona Republic

Former President Donald Trump reportedly had hoped to host a rally at the Portage County fairgrounds,but was turned down by the volunteer board that runs the Randolph property, Portage County commissioners said.

Portage County Commissioner Tony Badalamenti said he spoke several times in recent days to Secretary of State Frank LaRose and members of Trump's advance team about a rally they had hoped to host on April 24 at the fairgrounds. The callers said that they talked to a representative of the fair board, who gave multiple reasons why the rally could not take place.

Badalamenti speculated that the event would bring in 10 to 20 thousand people and bring in $4 million in revenue to area businesses. He claimed area contractorswould be willing to repair any damage to the fairgrounds at a reduced cost.

Donald Trump: 'The race is uniquely uninteresting to him': Ohio Senate race takes backseat at Trump rally

Portage County Elections: Republicans sweep contested Portage races

I think the honor of having a president of the United States come to our county and have the limelight on our county … By us turning down the limelight on Portage County I think is appalling," he said.

Debi Heppe, secretary of the fair board, and Tracey Koszalka, fair board president, did not return calls seeking comment.

Badalamenti said he believes the commissioners could compel the fair board to hold the event.

I think any president who would like to come to Portage County, it would be an honor to have them, he said. We were pretty blatantly rude to their [Trump's] advance team.

Although the county insures the fairgrounds and the buildings on them, the fair is operated by an independent board, county administrator Michelle Crombie said.

Commissioner Sabrina Christian-Bennett said she spoke to a fair board memberand learned that the fair has a long-standing policy not allowing political fundraisers or rallies. She said the fair board member said she had checked with area fair boards, and most wont allow such events either, but Columbiana County said they would be willing.

Fair boards in Canfield and Geauga County also turned down the Trump team, Christian-Bennett said. However, Badalamenti said he heard Geauga was still in the running.

Christian-Bennett said she offered two other venues in Portage County that she said would be willing to entertain hosting the event, and could accommodate a rally, but the Trump team seemed fixated on the fairgrounds.

If theyre interested in coming to Portage County, theres other places, she said. I look at it as when one door shuts, theres other ones that open.

Badalamenti said he looked at it as an insult.

Any president of the United States who wants to come to Portage County, we should do it for every single solitary one of them, Badalamenti said.

Last year, Portage County Republicans planned to host an event with controversial CongresswomanMarjorie Taylor Greene, but the congresswoman was unable to make the event fit into her schedule.

Reporter Diane Smith can be reached at dsmith@recordpub.com or 330-298-1139.

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Report: Donald Trump wanted to hold rally in Ohio, but Portage County, others said no - Record-Courier

In April 2022, an image supposedly showing Don Jr. and Eric Trump grinning unusually large, Joker-esque smiles was posted to social media:

This is not a genuine photograph of two of former U.S. President Donald Trumps sons. The image was digitally manipulated.

Using a reverse image search, we found that the above-displayed, doctored photo was created from a photograph of Don Jr. and Eric at the Trump National Golf Club in Westchester, New York, on Sept. 15. The photograph was taken by Grant Lamos IV and is available via Getty Images with the caption:

BRIARCLIFF MANOR, NY SEPTEMBER 21: (L-R) Donald Trump Jr., Eric Trump and Ivanka Trump attend the 9th Annual Eric Trump Foundation Golf Invitational Auction & Dinner at Trump National Golf Club Westchester on September 21, 2015 in Briarcliff Manor, New York. (Photo by Grant Lamos IV/Getty Images)

Heres a look at the doctored image (left) and the genuine photograph (right):

Trumps eldest sons have been the subject of a number of photographic rumors over the years. There was the rumor that supposedly showed how Eric didnt know the front end of the shovel, the photo that appeared to give a particularly grotesque look at Trumps two sons, and the photo that seemingly showed Don Jr. and Eric during a big game hunting trip. One of those three rumors is true, while the other two are false.

Sources:

Donald Trump Jr., Eric Trump and Ivanka Trump Attend the 9th Annual Getty Images, https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/donald-trump-jr-eric-trump-and-ivanka-trump-attend-the-9th-news-photo/489506564. Accessed 13 Apr. 2022.

Ivana Trump: Ex-Husband Donald Can Win Election. The Mercury News, 23 Sept. 2015, https://www.mercurynews.com/2015/09/23/ivana-trump-ex-husband-donald-can-win-election/.

Boucher, Ashley. Eric and Donald Trump Jr. Test Negative for Coronavirus 1 Day After Donald Trump and Melania Test Positive. PEOPLE.Com, https://people.com/politics/eric-and-donald-trump-jr-test-negative-for-coronavirus/. Accessed 13 Apr. 2022.

Snopes Tips: A Guide To Performing Reverse Image Searches. Snopes.Com, https://www.snopes.com/articles/400681/how-to-perform-reverse-image-searches/. Accessed 13 Apr. 2022.

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Is This Photo of Don Jr. and Eric Trump Smiling Real? - Snopes.com

Why question Trump aboutgolf?

I don't understand why anyone would question whether Donald Trump actually hit a hole-in-one. Donald Trump spends more time playing golf than any former president; he spent more time playing golf,despite his claim that he wouldn't. Given how much golf Trump plays, it is not surprising that he would eventually hit a hole-in-one. Besides, in light of his documented habit of cheating at golf, and his penchant for making false claims, if he were going to lie about something like this, he would have done so long ago. The truly unbelievable thing about this story is that anybody cares.

Michael J. Kirshner,WestPalm Beach

Disney World Florida opposes"The Dont Say Gay bill. If so, would they pledge to not give financial support in the upcoming elections to any state representative who voted for the bill and to donate to those who voted against it? That would be a real stand.

Paul LaKind, Palm Beach Gardens

Russia invades Ukraine. The war continues for a few months, and it is suggested that an attempt be made to negotiate a settlement. Since negotiation infers a give and take process, in attempting to reach a settlement, what does Russia have to give?

Now, let us suppose that Canada invades the U.S. over a perceived or real difference. The conflict continues for several months and Canada manages to occupy substantial territory in Montana, North Dakota, and Minnesota. Can you in your wildest dream think that we would give any land to a country that had invaded our border? When you add to it the negotiation Russian atrocities, there is nothing to discuss, except letting the rest of the world decide a suitable punishment for war crimes.

Burt Edelchick,Hobe Sound

Re the House GOP members vote down their own bill over red herring: The failure of 10 Florida congressional Republicans to rename the federal courthouse in Tallahassee after the first Black Florida Supreme Court Justice is yet another example of GOP cowardice, hypocrisy and their inability to genuinely pledge allegiance to the republic for which they supposedly stand. This is the same party where the majority of its elected officials reimagined the events of Jan.6, and now theyre doing a hatchet job on Joseph Woodrow Hatchett who, against all odds, passed his bar exam during the Jim Crow era and worked his way up to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit.

The decision to renounce a bill that theyinitially co-sponsored, based on Judge Hatchetts support of the Establishment Clause in the U.S. Constitution, is unconscionable. According to Frank Cerabino, despite several unsuccessful efforts in the Sunshine State to allow government sanctioned prayer in schools, Were still dancing around the subject Judge Hatchett decided 34 years ago. You can pray all you want in public school. But you cant subject other peoples children to your prayers. One would think that the party thattouts The Free State of Florida and Parental Rights in Education would realize that politicians forcing kids to pray is the antithesis of liberty and that the failure to honor Judge Hatchett flies in the face of justice for all.

Nancy Chanin,Delray Beach

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Letters: Is Trump's hole-in-one the Big Lie? - Palm Beach Post

Douglas P. DeFeliceGetty Images

(Permanent Musical Accompaniment To The Last Post Of The Week From The Blogs Favorite Living Canadian)

On Friday afternoon, the federal prosecution in the alleged plot to kidnap Governor Gretchen Whitmer utterly fell apart. Two defendants were acquitted on all charges, and the jury hung on charges against the two other accused conspirators. The court declared a mistrial on the latter. So the government took the ol horse collar on this prosecution. An Oh-fer. 0-4. From the Detroit News:

As one might imagine, the reaction from Whitmers office was scalding. From WXYZ:

Putting aside for a moment the fact that western Michigan is a place where the wild things roam, sometimes in and out of jury pools, it seems likely that one of the things that torpedoed the case was some bungling by the FBI. In that event, there would be something undeniably heinous about this acquittal.

After the initial burst of publicity following the arrests, the case began going sideways a year ago.

Of course, the government will likely re-try the two defendants who were not acquitted, who also are the alleged ringleaders. And one does suspect that, had these guys been hapless immigrants talking loosely about stealing the Pentagon, the feds would have been able to get a conviction. Still, this was a serious case. Everybody needs to do a lot better.

Chip SomodevillaGetty Images

They were all crooks and they were crooks for the working day. From CNN:

And Sluggos mouthpiece is trying out some new material.

Elderly hound snoozes on porch. Declines to pursue wild game.

Moral high ground.

These guys are killing me.

Weekly WWOZ Pick To Click: Eat That Chicken (King James and the Special Men): Yeah, I pretty much still love New Orleans.

Weekly Visit To The Pathe Archives: This Thursday was National Beer Day so, in celebration, from 1932, here are 100,000 New Yorkers, led my Mayor Jimmy Walker, in a 10-hour parade demanding an end to Prohibition and, as the Brit narrator says, demanding beer, glorious beer. Hard to argue with a man who once said, A reformer is a guy who rides through a sewer in a glass-bottomed boat. History is so cool.

A singularly wonderful event has happened in the Substack universe. My friend and onetime NPR running buddy, Roy Blount, Jr., has joined in and people should support him. Anyone who can write a piece entitled, "My Sister Is Glued To The Dry Cleaners" ("This glue could stick Sinatra to the Chinese Army") deserves our encouragement.

Is it a good day for dinosaur news, Guardian? Its always a good day for dinosaur news!

This was a dino that heard the thundering roar of the asteroid and then looked up and saw the end of existence coming. An eyewitness to extinction. This demands respect, even 66 million years later.

And this was the day that began the long process by which dinosaurs lived then to make us happy now.

Ill be back Monday to see if Lindsey Graham has found his necktie yet. What a putz. Be well and play nice, ya bastids. Stay above the snake-line, wear the damn mask, get the damn shots, especially the damn boosters. Spare a kind thought for Ukraine.

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Donald Trump Jr. Text Floats Ways to Overturn 2020 Election - Esquire