Archive for February, 2015
Dog – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Domestic dog Temporal range: 0.0330Ma Pleistocene Recent Nine different breeds of dogs. Conservation status
Domesticated
Species synonymy
The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) is a usually furry, carnivorous[2][3][4] member of the canidae family. Domestic dogs are commonly known as "man's best friend". The dog was the first domesticated animal[5][6] and has been widely kept as a working, hunting, and pet companion. It is estimated there are between 700 million and one billion domestic dogs, making them the most abundant member of order Carnivora.[7][8]
The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both of the domesticated and feral varieties. The English word dog comes from Middle English dogge, from Old English docga, a "powerful dog breed".[9] The term may possibly derive from Proto-Germanic *dukkn, represented in Old English finger-docce ("finger-muscle").[10] The word also shows the familiar petname diminutive -ga also seen in frogga "frog", picga "pig", stagga "stag", wicga "beetle, worm", among others.[11] The term dog may ultimately derive from the earliest layer of Proto-Indo-European vocabulary, reflecting the role of the dog as the earliest domesticated animal.[12]
In 14th-century England, hound (from Old English: hund) was the general word for all domestic canines, and dog referred to a subtype of hound, a group including the mastiff. It is believed this "dog" type was so common, it eventually became the prototype of the category "hound".[13] By the 16th century, dog had become the general word, and hound had begun to refer only to types used for hunting.[14]Hound, cognate to German Hund, Dutch hond, common Scandinavian hund, and Icelandic hundur, is ultimately derived from the Proto-Indo-European *kwon- "dog", found in Sanskrit kukuur (),[15]Welsh ci (plural cwn), Latin canis, Greek kn, and Lithuanian u.[16]
In breeding circles, a male canine is referred to as a dog, while a female is called a bitch[17] (Middle English bicche, from Old English bicce, ultimately from Old Norse bikkja). A group of offspring is a litter. The father of a litter is called the sire, and the mother is called the dam. Offspring are, in general, called pups or puppies, from French poupe, until they are about a year old. The process of birth is whelping, from the Old English word hwelp (cf. German Welpe, Dutch welp, Swedish valpa, Icelandic hvelpur).[18] The term "whelp" can also be used to refer to the young of any canid, or as a (somewhat archaic) alternative to "puppy".
In 1753, Carl Linnaeus listed among the types of quadrupeds familiar to him the Latin word for dog, canis. Among the species within this genus, Linnaeus listed the fox, as Canis vulpes, wolves (Canis lupus), and the domestic dog, (Canis canis). In later editions, Linnaeus dropped Canis canis and greatly expanded his list of the Canis genus of quadrupeds, and by 1758 included alongside the foxes, wolves, and jackals and many more terms that are now listed as synonyms for domestic dog, including aegyptius (hairless dog), aquaticus, (water dog), and mustelinus (literally "badger dog"). Among these were two that later experts have been widely used for domestic dogs as a species: Canis domesticus and, most predominantly, Canis familiaris, the "common" or "familiar" dog.[19]
By 1993 with advancements in molecular biology, the mitochondrial DNA mtDNA analysis of extant (i.e. living today) Canidea species indicated that "The domestic dog is an extremely close relative of the gray wolf, differing from it by at most 0.2% of mtDNA sequence.... In comparison, the gray wolf differs from its closest wild relative, the coyote, by about 4% of mitochondrial DNA sequence."[20] In the same year, the domestic dog Canis familiaris was reclassified as Canis lupus familiaris, a subspecies of the gray wolf Canis lupus in Mammal Species of the World.[21] By 1999, further genetic analysis indicated that the domestic dog may have emerged from multiple wolf populations.[22][23] Based on these latest two pieces of research and the reference reclassification, canis lupus familiaris is the name for the taxon listed by ITIS.[24] However, canis familiaris is also accepted due to a nomenclature debate regarding the naming of wild and domestic sub-species.[25]
As of January 2014, a mtDNA study of extant and extinct dog and wolf specimens raises a question about this classification. Refer Origin and Gray wolf.
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Dog - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Al Sharpton Hosts His ‘SNL’ Doppelganger Kenan Thompson on …
LAS VEGAS, NV - JANUARY 07: 'Saturday Night Live' cast members Cecily Strong (L) and Kenan Thompson as the Rev. Al Sharpton perform during a keynote address by Yahoo! President and CEO Marissa Mayer at the 2014 International CES at The Las Vegas Hotel & Casino on January 7, 2014 in Las Vegas, Nevada. CES, the world's largest annual consumer technology trade show, runs through January 10 and is expected to feature 3,200 exhibitors showing off their latest products and services to about 150,000 a | Ethan Miller via Getty Images
Tell-it-like-it-is Rev. Al Sharpton may be one of the most easily imitated personalities on TV, and if you havent seen Kenan Thompsons spot-on impression of him on "Saturday Night Live," youre missing out.
The civil rights leader and activist hosted his SNL doppelganger on MSNBC's "PoliticsNation" last night, asking the comedian whether he worries about running into figures hes impersonated.
"We're cool; I mean we know each other for over 12 years or so, Sharpton said. But do you ever worry about mocking people if you have to see them?
I was really worried about running into Star Jones back in the day, Thompson responded. Shes a larger lady, so I didnt want to have any problems with her back then.
Sharpton, who lost over half his body weight through diet and exercise in 2014, also suggested Thompson needed to trim down to perfect his impression.
The "PoliticsNation" host said he found the impersonation flattering.
People ask me and I think its nothing but fun, Sharpton said.
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Al Sharpton Hosts His 'SNL' Doppelganger Kenan Thompson on ...
CSI: crime scene investigation Season 3 Episode 1 Full Revenge is Best Served Cold – Video
CSI: crime scene investigation Season 3 Episode 1 Full Revenge is Best Served Cold
Episode Overview Catherine and Nick become absorbed in the dangerous world of street racing after one of the illegal sport #39;s hotshot drivers is found dead ou...
By: David William
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CSI: crime scene investigation Season 3 Episode 1 Full Revenge is Best Served Cold - Video
CSI: crime scene investigation Seasons 2 Episode 23 Full The Hunger Artist – Video
CSI: crime scene investigation Seasons 2 Episode 23 Full The Hunger Artist
Episode Overview Season Finale. The CSIs investigate when the body of an unidentified young woman is discovered stuffed in an overturned shopping cart near a...
By: David William
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CSI: crime scene investigation Seasons 2 Episode 23 Full The Hunger Artist - Video